High temperature mechanical and material
Author's personal copy
Materials and Structures (2016) 49:5195–5208
DOI 10.1617/s11527-016-0854-0
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
High temperature mechanical and material properties
of burnt masonry bricks
Wasim Khaliq . Muhammad Farrukh Bashir
Received: 16 June 2015 / Accepted: 15 March 2016 / Published online: 17 March 2016
Ó RILEM 2016
Abstract Recently, there have been an increased
research in fire performance of both normal strength
concrete (NSC) and high strength concrete (HSC) for
structural members in buildings and built infrastructure. On the contrary, burnt masonry bricks (BBs) are
used in structures due to advantages these provide,
however, the studies on fire performance of BBs as a
structural material are scarce. Further, limited studies
are available on comparative fire performance studies
of BBs to that of NSC or HSC. A test program was
designed to undertake high temperature tests on BBs
commonly used in buildings and domestic constructions. Mechanical properties namely compressive
strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus were
investigated at elevated temperatures (hot state) from
20 to 800 °C following ASTM and RILEM test
procedures. Results show that BBs lose compressive
strength similarly to that of NSC and HSC. The
measured tensile strength of BBs is quite low as
compared to compressive strength, with a slight gain
around 200 °C. High temperature properties also
exhibit significant change in stress–strain response
W. Khaliq (&)
NICE (SCEE), National University of Sciences and
Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
e-mail: [email protected]
M. F. Bashir
National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST),
Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
e-mail: [email protected]
with increasing temperatures. Scanning electron
microscope and X-ray fluorescence analysis revealed
that microstructural and mineral transformations occur
in BBs at elevated temperatures. To provide high
temperature material properties of BBs for analytical
studies, data generated from mechanical property tests
were applied to develop simplified mathematical
expressions as a function of temperature.
Keywords Burnt masonry bricks High
temperatures Mechanical properties Normal and
high strength concrete Stress strain curves
Microstructure Mineral composition X-ray
fluorescence
1 Introduction
Burnt masonry brick structures are integral part of most
buildings construction around the globe due to their
inherent advantages such as fire protection, structural
breathing, thermal and sound insulation, and solid
partitioning/infill, however limited data is available on
the fire performance for burnt masonry bricks (BBs) at
elevated temperatures. The lack of adequate knowledge for the behavior for BBs at elevated temperatures,
can be regarded as deficiency in the fire safety design of
buildings. The remarkable features of normal strength
concrete (NSC) and high strength concrete (HSC) as a
construction material revolutionized the construction
Materials and Structures (2016) 49:5195–5208
DOI 10.1617/s11527-016-0854-0
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
High temperature mechanical and material properties
of burnt masonry bricks
Wasim Khaliq . Muhammad Farrukh Bashir
Received: 16 June 2015 / Accepted: 15 March 2016 / Published online: 17 March 2016
Ó RILEM 2016
Abstract Recently, there have been an increased
research in fire performance of both normal strength
concrete (NSC) and high strength concrete (HSC) for
structural members in buildings and built infrastructure. On the contrary, burnt masonry bricks (BBs) are
used in structures due to advantages these provide,
however, the studies on fire performance of BBs as a
structural material are scarce. Further, limited studies
are available on comparative fire performance studies
of BBs to that of NSC or HSC. A test program was
designed to undertake high temperature tests on BBs
commonly used in buildings and domestic constructions. Mechanical properties namely compressive
strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus were
investigated at elevated temperatures (hot state) from
20 to 800 °C following ASTM and RILEM test
procedures. Results show that BBs lose compressive
strength similarly to that of NSC and HSC. The
measured tensile strength of BBs is quite low as
compared to compressive strength, with a slight gain
around 200 °C. High temperature properties also
exhibit significant change in stress–strain response
W. Khaliq (&)
NICE (SCEE), National University of Sciences and
Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
e-mail: [email protected]
M. F. Bashir
National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST),
Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
e-mail: [email protected]
with increasing temperatures. Scanning electron
microscope and X-ray fluorescence analysis revealed
that microstructural and mineral transformations occur
in BBs at elevated temperatures. To provide high
temperature material properties of BBs for analytical
studies, data generated from mechanical property tests
were applied to develop simplified mathematical
expressions as a function of temperature.
Keywords Burnt masonry bricks High
temperatures Mechanical properties Normal and
high strength concrete Stress strain curves
Microstructure Mineral composition X-ray
fluorescence
1 Introduction
Burnt masonry brick structures are integral part of most
buildings construction around the globe due to their
inherent advantages such as fire protection, structural
breathing, thermal and sound insulation, and solid
partitioning/infill, however limited data is available on
the fire performance for burnt masonry bricks (BBs) at
elevated temperatures. The lack of adequate knowledge for the behavior for BBs at elevated temperatures,
can be regarded as deficiency in the fire safety design of
buildings. The remarkable features of normal strength
concrete (NSC) and high strength concrete (HSC) as a
construction material revolutionized the construction