S IPSE 0902259 Table of content
LIST OF CONTENT
SHEET OF LEGITIMATION …………………….………………………… i
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY……..……………………………….. ii
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………. iii
PREFACE …………………………………………………………………….. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …..……………………………………………...... v
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………...….. vi
LIST OF TABLE….………….……………………………………………….. ix
LIST OF FIGURE…………………...……………………………………….. x
LIST OF APPENDICES ………………………………………...………….... xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background…………….......................................................... 1
B. Problem of Research................................................................ 3
C. Objective of Research……….................................................. 4
D. Significance of Research …..................................................... 5
CHAPTER II CONTEXTUAL TEACHING LEARNING, CRITICAL
THINKING, ACHIEVEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
A. Contextual Teaching Learning ................................................. 6
B. Critical Thinking..….................................................................. 10
C. Learning Activity………………………………………......... 18
D. Learning Achievement…………………................................. 20
E. Implementation ……............................................................
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
23
F. Contextual Teaching Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking Skill
………….……………………………..……….……………… 23
G. Concept Analysis of Changes of Matter….…………………
24
H. Rationale Framework ….……………………………………. 27
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Location and Subject ………….…………………………….. 29
B. Research Design ………….…………………………………. 29
C. Research Method …………….……………………………… 30
D. Operational Definition …………………….………………… 30
E. Instructional Materials …………………………………….… 31
F. Instruments ………………….………………………………. 32
G. Instrument Development Process .…………………………... 33
H. Data Analysis Technique ….…………………………………. 39
I. Research Procedure………………………………………….. 43
J. Scheme of Research ……………………………………….... 45
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1.Students’ critical thinking improvement …….………............. 46
4.2.Students’ concept comprehension improvement ….………
49
4.3.Correlation and regression between students’ critical thinking
and concept comprehension ………………....…………..
4.4.Students’ respond towards contextual teaching approach ...
55
56
a. Students’ respond towards changes of matter concept.. 58
b. Students’ respond towards implementation of CTL … 59
c. Students’ respond towards critical thinking ……….… 61
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion ………………………………….....…………..... 63
B. Recommendation …….……………………………………... 64
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
REFERENCES…………………..…………………………………..……….
APPENDICES.……….………………..……………………………………..
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Critical Thinking Skill (ability) …………………………………….. 12
Table 2.2 Critical Thinking Skill Aspect in this Research ……………………..15
Table 2.3 Rationale Framework………………………………………………... 28
Table 3.1 Pre-Test and Post-Test design ……………………………………….. 29
Table 3.2 Classification Validity Coefficient ……………………………………33
Table 3.3 Reliability Value …………………………………………………….. 35
Table 3.4 Criteria of Difficulty Level………………………….……………….. 36
Table 3.5 Criteria of Test Item Discriminating Power …………………………. 37
Table 3.6 Recapitulation of Validity Test Item in Concept Comprehension …... 37
Table 3.7 Observation Sheet to Measure Students’ Critical Thinking …………. 38
Table 3.8 Recapitulation of the Questionnaire …………………………………. 39
Table 3.9 Category Scale of Students’ Understanding ……………………….... 40
Table 3.10 Criteria of N Gain Improvement …………………………………… 41
Table 3.11 Percentage of Lesson Implementation …………………………..… 42
Table 3.12 Interpretation of Questionnaire ……………………………………. 43
Table 3.13 Interpretation of Correlation Coefficient………….………………. 43
Table 4.1 Average of students’ achievement ……………………… ..………… 49
Table 4.2 Improvement of students’ comprehension for each aspect ………….. 51
Table 4.3 The result of pretest and posttest on concept comprehension…..…… 53
Table 4.4 the result of correlation and regression between students’ critical
thinking and concept comprehension ………………………………. 56
Table 4.5 Percentage of students’ respond towards implementation of contextual
teaching learning in changes of matter concept ……………………. 57
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Changing in State of Matter………………………...……………….. 27
Figure 3.1 Steps of Research Method …………………………………………., 45
Figure 4.1 Diagram of students’ critical thinking skill improvement ..………... 47
Figure 4.2 Diagram of students’ critical thinking aspect …………………...…. 48
Figure 4.3 Diagram of the students’ achievement improvement ……………..... 50
Figure 4.4 Graph of Students’ Comprehension improvement ion C1, C2 and C3
aspects ………………………………………………………………………….. 51
Figure 4.5 Graph of students’ comprehension improvement based on gain and
normalized gain in C1, C2, and C3 aspect ……………………………………... 52
Figure 4.6 Percentage of Students’ Respond towards the Implementation of
Contextual Teaching Learning Approach …………………….……………....... 57
Figure 4.7 Percentage of Students’ Respond towards Changes of matter concept
……………………………………………………………………………………58
Figure 4.8 Percentage of students’ response towards the implementation of
contextual teaching learning approach ………………………………….……… 60
Figure 4.9 Percentage of students’ respond towards changes of matter concept.. 61
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF APPENDICES
A.1. Lesson Plan ……………………………………………………………….. 65
A.2. Learning Scenario ………………………………………………………… 67
A.3. Students’ Worksheet ……………………………………………………… 75
B.1. Critical thinking Skill Test Blueprint……………………………………… 78
B.2. Critical Thinking Skill Test Draft …………………………………………. 85
B.3. Achievement Test Blueprint ………………………………………………. 91
B.4. Achievement Test Trial Draft...……………………………………………. 96
B.5. Achievement Test Draft …………………………………………………..100
B.6. Observation Sheet ………………………………………………………... 104
B.7. Student Questionnaire …………………………………………………… 107
C.1. Instrument Analysis of Achievement Test ………………………………. 109
C.2. Interpretation of Achievement Test Instrument Analysis ……………….. 117
C.3. Judgment Result …………………………………………………………. 119
D.1. Data Distribution of Pretest ……………………………………………… 121
D.2. Data Distribution of Posttest …………………………………………….. 123
D.3. Normalized Gain Analysis for Achievement Test ………………………. 125
D.4. Normalized Gain Analysis for Remembering Domain ………………….. 126
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
D.5. Normalized Gain Analysis for Understanding Domain …………………..127
D.6. Normalized Gain Analysis for Applying Domain ……………………….. 128
D.7. Recapitulation of Teacher and Students’ Activities ………………………129
D.8. Data Distribution of Questionnaire result ……………………………… 130
E.1. Research Document
E.2. Pictures
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
SHEET OF LEGITIMATION …………………….………………………… i
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY……..……………………………….. ii
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………. iii
PREFACE …………………………………………………………………….. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …..……………………………………………...... v
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………...….. vi
LIST OF TABLE….………….……………………………………………….. ix
LIST OF FIGURE…………………...……………………………………….. x
LIST OF APPENDICES ………………………………………...………….... xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background…………….......................................................... 1
B. Problem of Research................................................................ 3
C. Objective of Research……….................................................. 4
D. Significance of Research …..................................................... 5
CHAPTER II CONTEXTUAL TEACHING LEARNING, CRITICAL
THINKING, ACHIEVEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
A. Contextual Teaching Learning ................................................. 6
B. Critical Thinking..….................................................................. 10
C. Learning Activity………………………………………......... 18
D. Learning Achievement…………………................................. 20
E. Implementation ……............................................................
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
23
F. Contextual Teaching Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking Skill
………….……………………………..……….……………… 23
G. Concept Analysis of Changes of Matter….…………………
24
H. Rationale Framework ….……………………………………. 27
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Location and Subject ………….…………………………….. 29
B. Research Design ………….…………………………………. 29
C. Research Method …………….……………………………… 30
D. Operational Definition …………………….………………… 30
E. Instructional Materials …………………………………….… 31
F. Instruments ………………….………………………………. 32
G. Instrument Development Process .…………………………... 33
H. Data Analysis Technique ….…………………………………. 39
I. Research Procedure………………………………………….. 43
J. Scheme of Research ……………………………………….... 45
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1.Students’ critical thinking improvement …….………............. 46
4.2.Students’ concept comprehension improvement ….………
49
4.3.Correlation and regression between students’ critical thinking
and concept comprehension ………………....…………..
4.4.Students’ respond towards contextual teaching approach ...
55
56
a. Students’ respond towards changes of matter concept.. 58
b. Students’ respond towards implementation of CTL … 59
c. Students’ respond towards critical thinking ……….… 61
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion ………………………………….....…………..... 63
B. Recommendation …….……………………………………... 64
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
REFERENCES…………………..…………………………………..……….
APPENDICES.……….………………..……………………………………..
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Critical Thinking Skill (ability) …………………………………….. 12
Table 2.2 Critical Thinking Skill Aspect in this Research ……………………..15
Table 2.3 Rationale Framework………………………………………………... 28
Table 3.1 Pre-Test and Post-Test design ……………………………………….. 29
Table 3.2 Classification Validity Coefficient ……………………………………33
Table 3.3 Reliability Value …………………………………………………….. 35
Table 3.4 Criteria of Difficulty Level………………………….……………….. 36
Table 3.5 Criteria of Test Item Discriminating Power …………………………. 37
Table 3.6 Recapitulation of Validity Test Item in Concept Comprehension …... 37
Table 3.7 Observation Sheet to Measure Students’ Critical Thinking …………. 38
Table 3.8 Recapitulation of the Questionnaire …………………………………. 39
Table 3.9 Category Scale of Students’ Understanding ……………………….... 40
Table 3.10 Criteria of N Gain Improvement …………………………………… 41
Table 3.11 Percentage of Lesson Implementation …………………………..… 42
Table 3.12 Interpretation of Questionnaire ……………………………………. 43
Table 3.13 Interpretation of Correlation Coefficient………….………………. 43
Table 4.1 Average of students’ achievement ……………………… ..………… 49
Table 4.2 Improvement of students’ comprehension for each aspect ………….. 51
Table 4.3 The result of pretest and posttest on concept comprehension…..…… 53
Table 4.4 the result of correlation and regression between students’ critical
thinking and concept comprehension ………………………………. 56
Table 4.5 Percentage of students’ respond towards implementation of contextual
teaching learning in changes of matter concept ……………………. 57
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Changing in State of Matter………………………...……………….. 27
Figure 3.1 Steps of Research Method …………………………………………., 45
Figure 4.1 Diagram of students’ critical thinking skill improvement ..………... 47
Figure 4.2 Diagram of students’ critical thinking aspect …………………...…. 48
Figure 4.3 Diagram of the students’ achievement improvement ……………..... 50
Figure 4.4 Graph of Students’ Comprehension improvement ion C1, C2 and C3
aspects ………………………………………………………………………….. 51
Figure 4.5 Graph of students’ comprehension improvement based on gain and
normalized gain in C1, C2, and C3 aspect ……………………………………... 52
Figure 4.6 Percentage of Students’ Respond towards the Implementation of
Contextual Teaching Learning Approach …………………….……………....... 57
Figure 4.7 Percentage of Students’ Respond towards Changes of matter concept
……………………………………………………………………………………58
Figure 4.8 Percentage of students’ response towards the implementation of
contextual teaching learning approach ………………………………….……… 60
Figure 4.9 Percentage of students’ respond towards changes of matter concept.. 61
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF APPENDICES
A.1. Lesson Plan ……………………………………………………………….. 65
A.2. Learning Scenario ………………………………………………………… 67
A.3. Students’ Worksheet ……………………………………………………… 75
B.1. Critical thinking Skill Test Blueprint……………………………………… 78
B.2. Critical Thinking Skill Test Draft …………………………………………. 85
B.3. Achievement Test Blueprint ………………………………………………. 91
B.4. Achievement Test Trial Draft...……………………………………………. 96
B.5. Achievement Test Draft …………………………………………………..100
B.6. Observation Sheet ………………………………………………………... 104
B.7. Student Questionnaire …………………………………………………… 107
C.1. Instrument Analysis of Achievement Test ………………………………. 109
C.2. Interpretation of Achievement Test Instrument Analysis ……………….. 117
C.3. Judgment Result …………………………………………………………. 119
D.1. Data Distribution of Pretest ……………………………………………… 121
D.2. Data Distribution of Posttest …………………………………………….. 123
D.3. Normalized Gain Analysis for Achievement Test ………………………. 125
D.4. Normalized Gain Analysis for Remembering Domain ………………….. 126
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
D.5. Normalized Gain Analysis for Understanding Domain …………………..127
D.6. Normalized Gain Analysis for Applying Domain ……………………….. 128
D.7. Recapitulation of Teacher and Students’ Activities ………………………129
D.8. Data Distribution of Questionnaire result ……………………………… 130
E.1. Research Document
E.2. Pictures
Afif Naofal Pramana, 2014
Contextual Teaching Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skill and Concept
Comprehension in Changes of Matter Topic for Junior High School
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu