THE ERROR ANALYSIS OF USING FUTURE SIMPLE IN THE SENTENCE MADE BY THE SECOND YEAR SENIOR ISLAMIC HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS (MA) AL-BIDAYAH CANDI AMBARAWA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2003/2004 - Test Repository

THE ERROR ANALYSIS OF USING FUTURE SIMPLE IN THE SENTENCE MADE BY THE SECOND YEAR SENIOR ISLAMIC HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS (MA) AL-BIDAYAH CANDI AMBARAWA

THESIS Submitted to The Board of Examiners in Partial Fulfillment of

The Requirement for The Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam (S.Pd.I) In The English and Education Department

By: M AZULFAH

N IM : 113 00 045 ENGLISH AND EDUCA TION AL FACULTY STATE O F ISLAM IC STUDIES IN STITU TE SALATIGA

2004

DEPARTEMENT AGAMA

SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI (STAIN) SALATIGA JL.Tentara pelajar 02 telp.(0298)323706 fax 323433 Salatiga 50721

WeSalatiga,ac.id E.mail:Administrasi@ STAIN salatiga,ac,id Deklarasi

Bismillahirrahmanirrohim Dengan penuh kejujuran dan tanggung jawab,peneliti menyatakan bahwa skripsi ini tidak berisi materi yang pemah diterbitkan .

Demikian juga skripsi ini tidak berisi satupun pikiran-pikiran orang lain ,kecuali informasi yang terdapat dalam referensi yang dijadikan bahan rujukan.

Apabila dikemudian hari ternyata terdapat materi atau pikiran-pikiran orang lain diluar referensi yang peneliti cantumkan,maka peneliti sanggup mempertanggungjawabkan kembali keaslian skripsi ini dihadapan sidang munaqosah skripsi.

Demikian deklarasi ini dibuat oleh peneliti untuk dapat dimaklimi.

Peneliti Mazulfah

NIM: 11300045 Drs. Sa’adi,M.Ag The lecture of English and Education Department State Islamic Studies Institute of Salatiga ATTENTIVE COUNSELOR NOTES Salatiga, June, 3lh, 2004 Case : Mazulfah’s Thesis

Dear The Head of state Islamic

Studies Institute(STAIN) Salatiga

Assalamualaikum wr,wb

After reading and correcting Mazulfah’s thesis entitled’THE ERROR ANALYSIS OF USING FUTURE SIMPLE IN THE SENTENCE MADE BY THE SECOND YEAR SENIOR ISLAMIC HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS (MA) AL-BIDAYAH CANDI AMBARAWA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF

2003/2004, I have decided and would like to propose that it could be accepted by the educational faculty, I hope it could be examined as soon as possible.

Wassalamu'alaikum wr.wb

Drs.Sa’adi,M.Ag NIP: 150526821 u PAGE OF CERTIFICATION DEPARTMENT OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS STATE ISLAMIC STUDIES INSTITUTE(STAIN) SALATIGA

JL.Stadion 03 phone.0298 323706 Salatiga 50721 STATEMENT OF CERTIFICATION THE ERROR ANALYSIS OF USING FUTURE SIMPLE IN THE SENTENCES MADE

BY SECOND YEAR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT (MA) AL-BIDAYAH CANDI AMBARAWA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2003/2004

MAZULFAH NIM: 11300045

Has been brought to the board o f examiners in July,31 th,2004/Jumadil akhir,13 rd/1425, and hereby considered to completely fulfilled the requirement of the degree of Sarjana in the English and Educational department.

Juli. 31 *.2004 Jumadil Akhir, 13 rd/ l 425

Board of Examiner Drs.Badwan.M.au

NIP: 150 198 743 NIP. 150 182 686

Drs Sa’adi.M.Ag NIP. 150 256 821

DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to:

1. My dearest Father and Mother (Mr Sholeh and Mrs Yamah) that always give spirit and support

2. All Lectures of English Department of Educational Faculty

3. My Sister Sriyanah and Sri Muryati

4. My Little Brother Budiyoso

5. My Niece Nurul Hidayah,Pujiyati 6. My Nephew Adnan Idham Kholid, Irham Makmum, Ahmad Ridwan, and Adi.

7. My Grandfather and Grandmather (Mr Muhyidin and Mrs Rukiyah)

8. My Uncle, Ghozali and Zumrodi

9. My Aunt, Haniah and Tarwiyah

10. All of my friends in TBI of 2000 ( Sari F, Zeny, Ika, Didik, Willy, Triyono, and soon)

11. All of my friends in Racana Organization (Hudailah, Mamik, Nur Ida W,Nur Hamidah, Masrukhan, Hesti, Aliyah, Trisusilo and soon)

12. All of my friends in HMI Organization (Rining, Dewi, Siti Rohmatin, Hafied, Azizah)

13. Someone who is always in my heart iv

MOTTO

-When there is a will, there is away

Be yourself, and be the best
-To critize is easy,but to create is difficult

ACKHNOWLEDGMENT

Praise to allah that the writer has finished this thesis.This thesis is apartial fulfillment of requirment study program.The writers realize that the study would impossible be finished without other people’s help, In this opportunity,therefore she would like to express her special and deep gratitude and appeation to:

1. Drs.Badwan M.Ag as chairman of State Institute of Islamic Studies (STAIN) Salatiga.

2. Drs Imam Sutomo M.Ag as the head of educational faculty. 3-Drs.Sa’adi M.Ag as the head of the English Department and as my consultant,who give me great attention,suggestion,guidance,and permission,in writing this this thesis.

4. Drs Munawir the headmaster of MA AL-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa who give permission and facilities to writer in doing research.

5. All lectures and staff in STAIN Salatiga

6. All of my friends who have helped me in making this material,suggestion and guidance

7. My father Mr Sholeh and my mather Mrs Yamah who always give me support and never stop to pray for me.

8. My sister Sri Yanah and Sri Muryati who always give support and suggestion in writing this thesis.

Finnaly, nothing in the world is perfect, this writing is too the writer has to improve the contents as systematization of material in this writing. Therefore,all suggestion s and criticisms for the perfection will be most welcome and received with grattitude .she expects that this paper is useful.

Salatiga,Juli 31th 2004 The writer

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

ANALYSIS AND FUTURE SIMPLE

vii

B. Efforts made by English teacher to overcome the error 45 made by students MA AL-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa of 2003/2004 in using future simple in the sentences.

Bibhilliography

Appendixes

viii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. THE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The existence of language in human lives is very important. It is a

means of conveying ideals, thoughts, opinion and feeling. In our daily lives, we use language to communicate, to convey message to and from others, and the like.

English is the first foreign language in Indonesia which must be learned from Elementary School until Senior High School It is new subject for Junior High School students but not for Senior High School ones ,because it is a continued subject they have learned before. However, the students still get many difficulties in learning the language.

As a matter of fact, they hardly ever use the language in daily life actively. English is a compulsory subject for Senior High School students which function as means of developing their knowledge, technology and arts, so they can grow up and develop to become smart and professional citizen having Indonesian personality and to get ready in taking part of building the Nation.

However, students still get difficulties, whether in the fourt language skills mastery such as Listening, Speaking, Writing, and Reading or in language components mastery namely Pronunciation, Vocabulary, Spelling and Grammar. In this paper, the writer is going to show to the reader a few

mistakes made by the second year Senior Islamic High School students (MA) Al-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa particulary in language component mastery especially grammar problem, that is sentence arrangement. We must know about structure or grammar because it is important part in this study for example in the sentences dia akan pergi ke Balikpapan besuk. Students tend to write : He go to Balikpapan tomorrow.

It looks like students just translate by words dia by he, akan pergi ke

Balikpapan, by go to besuk by tomorrow.

Students lost one word which is called linking verb will / shall. The analysis of errors that students make is necessary for English teacher. Because by understanding the errors, they are to anticipate the coming sentence problem and ready to plan material construction and teaching strategy in class.

The errors are side effect of the fourth language componen masttery of students. But those errors are process that can not be avoided, when we learn new cases. Therefore the writer is interested in conducting a research about the errors analysis of using future simple in the sentence of second year Senior Islamic High School MA Al-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa.

There are reasons adopting this title. Those are as follows :

1. Future simple is one important element of English grammar

2 Most of students has completed the material which are related to future simple and basic course outline (GBPP) the writer assumed that the students had a basic knowledge on future simple.

B. THE DEFINITION OF THE TERM

To give clear description and avoid error analysis in interpreting the title, the writer gives limitation of terms as:

1. Error: Done wrong mistake1 2 * The meaning of error is mistakes students in the use of future simple sentences it include the errors of made affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in future simple in sentences, in choosing shall and will, in translating Indonesia language into English of future simple

2. Analysis is a separation into parts possibility with comment and

2 judgment.

3. Using The meaning of using in this case is in choosing shall and will,in translating Indonesia language into English of future simple

4. Sentences It is a full predication containing a subject plus predicate with a finite verb/ The writer means it as affirmative, negative and interrogative sentence.

5. Future simple According to Suryadi, future simple refers to an action which will be done in future.4According to A.V Martinet Thomson, future simple is

1 Hornby, AS., 1974, Oxford Advanced Learner Dictionary of Current English. Oxford University Press, p. 290.

2 Ibid page .29 J Marcella, Frank, 1997, Modern English Practiccal Reference Guide, New York University, p. 202.4 4 Suryadi et. Al, 1986, ABC English Grammar, Surabaya, Indah, p. 380.

E. THE OBJECTIVE AND BENEFIT OF THE STUDY

1. The Objective The objectives of this research are as follows:

a. To find the profile of the students mastery of future simple b. To find the dominant source of their errors.

c. To find the attempts done by English teacher to overcame the error made by students in using of fixture simple in the sentence.

2. The benefits The benefits of this research are as follows:

a. For the students by knowing the use of future simple in the sentence, the learners are able to reduce misunderstanding about future simple.

b. For teacher, as input for their English teaching learning process to develop new method about future simple in the sentence.

c. For the researcher, it can add experience and knowledge about using future simple in the sentence.

F. METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH The method used to get data is descriptive quantitative.

1. Population The chosen population of the research is the second year students of MA Al-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa.

a. Object :The The students of MA AL-Bidayah

b. Grade : Second year

c. Location :MA AL-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa

d. Time : 2003/2004 Suharsimi Arikunto , in her book prosedur penelitian suatu

pendekatan praktek,

states the population is all members of research subject.” The writer take 50 students because the number of population in

MA AL BIDAYAH CANDI AMBARAWA is 50 students . Suharsimi suggests when the number of subjects in research is more than 100 persons, we take 10%-15% of the population. And when the number of subject research is less than 100 person, we take all of them' 6 7

6 Arikunto Suharsimi, prosedur penelitian suatu pendekatan praktik, Jakarta, PT.intan putra ,2002, page I OS-

2.Technique of Data Collection

Technique of Data Collection are as follows:

a. Library Research Library Research is used to get appropriate and relevant book with this study.

b. Documentation method is a number of data that have in the school. The Documentation is used to get name students of second years MA Al- Bidayah Candi Ambarawa.

c. Test Method is sequence of questions for measuring or evaluating how far the ability ,knowledge, intelligence or attitude someone process either individual or collective.9 The test used is to know the result of achievement from test given to students.

d. Interview Interview is dialoque which will be done by interviewer to get information from interviewee. l0Here the writer asks the English teacher to know the condition of the second year students in obtaining the more accurate data and others.

q Ibid., page 127

3.Technique of Data Analysis

The writer uses many steps in analysis data as following: A.Qualitative percentage analysis

In the procedure of analysis the data, the writer uses descriptive quantitative method. To analyze how many percent are second year students of MA mastering future simple, the writer used this formula

P=— X100%F

P=Percents F= Frequency( From the Error) N=Total number (Respondent) B.Qualitative non statistical analysis a.The writer classifies the students achievements using factor analysis by the use of five letters:A,B,C,D and E System, which expressed various level of achievement. In addition , it was relatively easy to translate from letter grading to percentage grading.12

The writer uses the following category Score Grade Level of Number of %

Achievement Students 93-100% correct

A. Outstanding Outstanding achievement 85-92% correct

B. Very good above average achievement

11 Anas, Sudijo, 1966, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta, PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, page. 40

12 Tinambunan, Wilmar,1988, Evaluation o f students Achievement, Jakarta,Departement Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Directorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi page.

75-84% correct

C. Satisfactory average achievement 60-74 correct

D. Very week below average achievement Bellow 60%

E. Fail Insufficient achievement b. Error factor analysis

It is to find the source of errors

c. Descriptive analysis It is to find the efforts made by the teacher.

GTHE OUTLINE OF THESIS

This thesis consists of 5 chapters :

Chapter I : The Background of the Study,Definition of term,Limitation of the Problem, the Objective and Benefit of the Study, Hypothesis, Methodology, the Outline of the Thesis.

Chapter II : Theoritical frame work consists of :Error Analysis, Future simple. Chapter III : Research Methodology consists of: sources of the data. The General situation of MA Al-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa, Population of the Study, the Choice of Population, Technique of Data Collection, Technique of Data Analysis.,Data presentation Chapter IV : Data Analysis, consists : Result Research, Efforts made by English teacher to overcame the error made by students in using of future simple in the sentence

Chapter V : Closure, contains Conclusion and Suggestion. The last part is Bibliography and Appendix.

C H A PTE R II

THEORETICAL FRAME WORK OF ERROR ANALYSIS &FUTURE SIMPLE

In learning a foreign language, a leaner will encounter some problems in mastering the rule of language. They often produce erroneous utterances whether in their speech or writing. Exactly those problems are caused by differences between the rule of mother tongue and the foreign language. So, this matter makes difficulties to them in the target language.

What the learner finds difficult will also depend on the degree and nature of what he has acquired of the second language. The learner’s comprehension and efforts at comprehension may now be compared with his production. There are many factors which influence the problems in mastering second language.

A. Definition of Error Analysis

1. Error Man cannot avoid errors in learning language or foreign language, for example he tends to name some errors. Someone who is learning a foreign language usually finals some difficulties in applying the language. These difficulties can cause the emerge of errors.

The making of errors is a sign that students have not yet mastered the rule of language being learned. Basically, errors, are made because there are different rules between a mother tongue and foreign language. So it is important to discuss error analysis, because its aim is

at telling us something about language learning. According to Edge Error is wrong form that the pupil could not correct even if their wrongness were to be pointed out. 1

By conducting error analysis, the teacher will be able to investigate the communication strategies. It means that he will be able to examine the language the learner uses. This can take the forms of avoiding certain structure or vocabulary items, generally those which learner feel uncertain about.

Human learning is fundamentaly a process that involve, the making of mistakes, misjudgements, miscalculations, and erroneous assumption, form and important aspect of learning verbally any skill or acquiring information.

Learning to everything / all involve a process in which success come by profiting from mistake, by using mistake, to obtain feedback from the environment and with that feedback to make new attempts which successively more closely approximate desired goal.2

The use error analysis is to show some problem of the students. Since error in teaching English often presents the problem of errors faced by the learners, it is very important to foreign language teacher to observe, analyze and classify to those errors to find out the solution of

1 Carl Jame.1939 .Errors in language learning and use, longman london and New York, P. 80 _'S

H. Doughlas Brown, Principles o f Language Learning and Teaching, Prentice Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, P. 164

the problem. The study of learner's, errors is commonly called error analysis.3 Researcher and teacher of second language, soon came to realize that the mistakes a person made in this process of constructing a new system of language needed to be analyzed carefully, for the possibly held in them some of keys to the understanding of the process of second language acquisition. A S Corder notes:

’’Learner errors ... are significant in (that) they provided to the researcher evidence of how language is learned or acquired, what strategies or procedures the learner is employing in the discovery of the language”. 4

The realization that the second language learner’s errors are potentially important for the understanding of the processes of second language acquisition, and consequently the planning of courses incorporating the psychology of second language learning, is a current focus in the literature on modem language learning.

In addition, it is necessary to discuss about error analysis for teaching English as a foreign language. English teacher should know the error analysis because it is very useful to understand the process of foreign language acquisition.

3 Ibid.. P. 164 Ibid..

4 P. 164

In Analyzing students difficulties, the writer deals with a study of error. In order to analyze student’s error properly, she finds, it necessary to make distinction between errors and mistake.

According to brown error is defined as systematic and noticeable deviation from the grammar of a native speaker reflecting in interlanguage competence of a learner, and consistently made by a learner. 5 It is common for the learner to make the some errors consistently in acquiring the target language. Indonesia students, for example, often make errors in studying English. This is because the rules of English are different from those of Indonesian. As a result, they often have misperception about English. One of the errors made by Indonesian learner is about phrase. For example “Rumah Besar”, they tend to change by “House large”, which in Indonesian language using

DM rule but English use MD rule. So the correct translation about that phrase about is “Large house”.

According to Soegeng AJ and Eko Susilo Madyo that ...

kaitannya berdasarkan hukum DM (Diterangkan Menerangkan) dalam bahasa Indonesia dan MD (Menerangkan Diterangkan) dalam bahasa Inggris. 6

5 Ibid Douglas Brown, Page. 169

6 Soegeng AJ and Eko Susilo Madyo, 1994, Pedoman Penerjemahan,

There are many definition of errors proposed by some linguistics. In this discussion, the researcher only chooses several of them which can represent the other linguistic,in describing the term of errors and mistake.

According to brown, error is a noticeable deviation from the adult grammar of native speaker, reflecting the interlanguage competence of learner.7 8

Meanwhile a mistake as stated by brown refers to in consistent deviation. All people make mistake in both native and second language situations. A mistake may be caused by temporary lapses of memory, confusion, and a slip of the tongue.

2. Sources of Errors According to brown, there are two sources of errors, Interlingual error and Intralingual error.9 a. The Interlingual error

It is understood that interlingual errors are those which are caused by the interference of the learner’s mother tongue.10 Interference of the learner’s mother tongue is clearly a major source of difficulty in a second language learning.

7 H. Douglas Brown, op. cit., Page. 169

8 Ibid., Page. 165

9 Ibid., Page. 173

10 Richards, Jack C, 1984, Error Analysis, Cambridge Corder Longman Group, Page. 173

b. The Intralingual errors are also called developmental errors. Brown writes that intralingual errors or intralingual interference is the negative transfer of item within the target language, or put another way, the incorrect generalization of rules within the target language. 11

Richards states :

”... intralingual interference ... refers to items produced by the learner which reflect not the structure o the mother tongue, but generalization based on partial explosure of the target language”. 12

Richards classifies the intralingual errors into four categories, namely overgeneralization, ignorance of rule restriction, incomplete application of rule, and semantic errors. 13 14

1) Overgeneralization Jakobovlt, as Richard quoted denies generalization or transfers as the use of previously available strategies in new situation.

”... in second language learning ... some of these strategies will prove helpful in organizing the facts about the second language, but others, perhaps due to superficial similarities, will be misleading and in applicable”. *4 ₁

11 H. Douglas Brown, op. cit., Page. 173 ₉ Richards Jack C, op. cit., Page. 6

13 Ibid., Page. 6

14 Ibid., Page. 174

2) Ignorance of rule restrictions Errors occur because lock of knowledge of correct English pattern.

3) Incomplete application of rules The learner fails to apply correct English pattern due to the stimulus sentence.

4) False concepts hypothesized The learner borrows an element from one part of English structure and puts into another.

3. Error Analysis Error is an act involving unintentional deviation from truth or accuracy of a mistake in perception, reasoning or expression.

1 ^According to Carl Jame in his books "Error in language learning and use” error analysis is the process of determining the incidence nature,cause and consquences of unsuccesful language.15 16 In error analysis the researcher compares the learner’s language with that has been selected for incorporation in the syllabus in the theoretical study into language learning. She is interested in the relation of what has been taught so far with the learner’s knowledge in the some points.

15 Virgin, T. S., The Webster Encyclopedia Dictionary o f English

Language

, Encyclopedia, Brittannica, Inc., Page. 772

B. Future Simple

1. Definition of Future Simple According to Surjadi Hartanto, future simple refers to an action

■ which will be done in the future time. ~ For example :

a) He will post the letter

b) I shall go to Mojosari tomorrow 17 According to A.V.Martinet future simple is to express the speaker’s opinion, assumptions, speculation about future.

For example :

a) (I’m sure) He will come back

b) (I suppose) They will sell the house

c) We shall find him at the hotel 18

2. The pattern future simple S + Shall / will + Vj + Object

19 Example :

a. Affirmative sentence : (+) I shall go to Ambnrawa tomorrow

(+) You will swim next week

17 Suryadi Hartanto, John et al, 1986, ABC English Grammar, Surabaya, Indah, page. 294

18 Thomson Martinet, 1986, Practical English Grammer, Oxford University Press, Page. 189

(+) He will finish his work tomorrow (+) They will sell the house (+) Marry will come tomorrow 20

(+ I shall meet an to this evening (+) My father will go to Jakarta next week 21

b. Negative sentence (-) I shall not go to Ambarawa tomorrow

(-) You will not swim next week (-) He will not finish his work tomorrow (-) They will not sell the house (-) Marry will not come tomorrow (-) I shall not meet an to this evening (-) My father will not go to Jakarta next week

c. Interrogative sentence Shall I go to Ambarawa tomorrow? Will you swim next week ? Will he finish his work tomorrow ? Will they sell the house ? Will Marry come tomorrow ?

19 Suryadi Hartanto, op. cit., Page. 294

20 Betty S. Chrampfer Azar, 1992, Understanding an Using English Grammar,

Bina Rupa Aksara, Jakarta, P. 44

21 Tim Penyusun Buku Pegangan Guru, Bahasa Inggirs Untuk SLTP, Page. 132

Shall I meet an to this evening ? Will my father go to Jakarta next week ?

To form the future simple usually use shall and will. Shall for the first person (I and we) and will for the other pronoun.22 * The uses of shall with I and we to express time is possible but uncommon in American English. Shall is used much more frequently in

British than in American English.

The future simple with will describes action, activities and states in future. Common time maker, use combination with next (next years, next week, next month) with in (in the future, in two years, in ten days) and with from now (ten years from now, six weeks from now).24

Will and shall are used to indicate willingness and determination, and also to indicate and ask about whish and used in commands, request) invitation, and suggestions.25

According to W. Standard Allen, will are becoming increasingly popular for all persons in simple statements, and shall are still used where it is necessary to avoid confusion.

Shall is used for subject + and we ?? Student Creative. The English Grammar for Class 4 o f KMI, Gontor,. Page. 32

Betty Schraffer. 1992, Understanding and Using English Gramar, Bina Rupa Aksara. Jakarta, P. 44

24 Patricia Willcote Peterson, 1980, Changing Time Changing Tense, United States of America Washington DC, Page. 122

25 AS Hornby, Guide to Patterns and Usage English, Page. 98

Will is used for subject he, you, they, she, it.26 According to Suryadi Hartanto shall for subject, and we and will ₉₇ for subject he, she, they, it, you.

3. Use of The Future Simple According to Thomson Martinet, use of the future simple :

a. To express the speaker’s opinion, assumptions, speculations about the future, these may be introduced by verb, such as assume be

afraid, be / feel sure, believe, daresay doubt, expect, hope, know, suppose, think, wonder

or accompanied by adverbs such as

perhaps, possibly, probably surely, but can be used without them.

1) {I'm sure) He’ll come back 2) ( / suppose) They’ll sell the house 3) (Perhaps) We’ll find him at the hotel 4) They’ll (Probably) wait for us The future simple can be used with or without a time expression.

Be going to is sometime, possible here also, but it make the action

appear more probable and (where there is no time expression) more immediate. He ’ll build a house merely means “This is my opinion” and give, no idea when the building will start, he ’s going to build a

house

implies that he has already made this deasion and that he will probably start quite soon.

26 W. Standard Allen, 1959, Living English Structure, London, Page. 126

b. The future simple is used similarity for future habitual actions, which we assume will take place : 1 )Spring will come again

2) Bird will build nests 3) People will make plans 4) Other men will climb these stairs and sit at my desk,

c. The Future simple is used in sentences containing clauses of condition, time and sometimes purposes Example :

1) If I drop this glass it will break 2) When it gets warmer the snow will start to melt 3) I’m putting this letter on top of the file so that he’ll read it first

Note that in on if - clause or a time clause we don’t use the future simple even when the meaning is future : He will probably be late but if he is late ... and It will get warmer soon but when it gets warmer ...

d. Verbs not normally used in the continous tense, example auxilary verb, verb, of the sense, of emotion, thinking possesing etc.

Usually express the future by the future simple, thing be going to is sometimes possible, 1) He’ll be here at six

2) She’ll wonder where you are

3) You’ll have time for tea 4) They’ll know tonight

e. The future simple is used, chiefly in newspapers and news broadcast, for formal annauncements, of future plans and for weather forecast. Example : _{? o} The president will open the new Helport tomorrow.

According to Suryadi Hartanto, future simple is used : a. To say an action which will be done in the future time.

For example : 1) He will meet you by ten

2) She will help you with your home work tomorrow

b. To show requaritment For example :

He will give you a good dictionary if you go with him

c. For request to someone to do something For example

Will you please help me to get the book. 28 29 According to Drs. AJ Soegeng, M. Pd., future simple is used to express, an action in future

For example

28 Thomson Martinet, op. cit., Page 190

29 Suryadi Hartanto, op. cit., Page. 295

For example 1 )I Shall buy a new dress tomorrow 2) We shall play badminton this afternoon 3) He will visit Australia next year 4) They will watch television to nightjl)

30 Soegeng AJ. And Eko Susilo Madyo, op. cit., Page. 30

CH A PTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

After discussing a review of related theory in chapter II, the writer is going to discuss the research methodology because it is very important in the research. It is used to make researcher accomplish of the research easily. Therefore, the writer should be careful in choosing the research methodology in her work in order that the investigation can be conducted effectively and efficiently.

Research methodology can be defined as procedure of away of doing something.

A. Sources of the Data

To collect the data about some errors of using future simple sentences the writer uses two sources of the data .

1. Primary data source : The students and the teachers 2. Secondary data source : Books and other writen data.

B. The General situation of MA Al-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa

1. Situation of MA Al-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa MA Al-Bidayah was built formally in 1984 with registered status the permission letter of the school accepted by the Department of

Religion with the verdict letter number E.IV/pp.00.6/kep/34/99 with recognize status on Mart 1999.

The location of MA is very strategic, because it is near with public service such as post office, Bank, and it is located near street to

25 Gedong Songo temple,exactly in Candi village, Ambarawa sub district, Semarang regency, and area of the land owned is 44,48 M2 .

The detail as follow

a) Building : 198 M2

b) Yard 408 M2

c) Sport Yard : 590 M2

d) Etc :3252 M2

The available mediums and instrument are as follows:

g) Administration room : 1

2. Structure of the school organization Considering that there are so many the duties of headmaster of MA AL-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa , that is why the headmaster should appoint a structure of the school organization to manage all of the

educational activities.The organization structure consists of the same assertion with different duties.

3. The Description of Teacher, Staff and Students

a) Teacher In teaching learning process, the teachers have important roles.

Their existence is always needed in every school of educational institution. They will give material of subject number of MA AL-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa teachers , look at the following table.

TABLE 1 THE LIST OF TEACHERS IN MA AL-BIDAYAH CANDI AMBARAWA No Name Subject

1. Munawir, Drs Quran Hadis

2. Retno Sri.S.Dra Sociology

3. Anshori,S.Ag English and Arabic

4. M. Taslim, BA Indonesias language

5. Siti Maesaroh,Dra Fiqh and History

6. Edi Winarto,Drs Economics 7.

Muntafiah, Dra Mathematics And Tata Negara 8. Surokhim,Drs Civic and Sports & Art

9. Mustain Khol And Imlaq

10. Yahman,Spd Chemistry

57 Total

50 3. 111

59 2.

11. Almadi,Ama

Students Boys Girls 1.

Number Class Sum Sum Of

TABLE II SITUATION OF THE STUDENTS

1. The number of students The total number of students of MA is 166 students. They consist of 80 girls and 86 boys The first year is 59 Students , 50 Students of the second year , and the third students are 57 students.

c) Students

b) Staff To manage the educational activities, every school needs employees called staffs. It is expected that every activity can be achieved.. Based on the result of direct observation found that the number of employees in the school year of 2003/2004 is two persons, they are Mr. Mustofa and Mr. Ali Murthatho.

M.Achsin SAg Anthropology and History

G. Budi Gendriyani, Dra Biology and physic 14.

Ahmad Saefudin,SPdi Geography And SKI 13.

Kertangkes 12.

86 80 166

28 C. Population, and Choice the Population

1. Population The chosen population of the research is the second year of MA AL-Bidayah candi Ambarawa.

a. Object : The Students of MA AL-Bidayah

b. Grade : Second year

c. location : MA AL-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa

d. Time : 2003/2004

Prosedur Penelitian Suatu

Suharsimi Arikunto, in her book

Pendekatan Praktek, states the population is the whole of research

subject.1 The writer take 50 Students,because the number of population in MA AL-BIDAYAH CANDI AMBARAWA is 50 students.

.Suharsimi suggests that when the number of subject in research is less than 100 persons, we take all of them, and when the number of subjects in research is more than 100 person, we take 10%-l 5% of the population.2

' Arikunto Suharsimi, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik, Jakarta, PT Intan putra,2002, page. 108

2. Choice the population It has been mentioned above that the writer chooses the second year students as subjects of investigation.

The choice of the second year students as the population of the research is based on the following consideration : a. Most of the students has completed the material which are related to future simple in second year of Senior Islamic High

School (MA). Based on the materials and the basic course outline ( GBPP) the writer assumed that the students had a basic knowledge on future simple.

b. The writer considers the population is homogenous for her researcher because they all are in the same grade and have been studying English for the same period.

c. By concluding the research to second year students the writer attempts to minimize errors of using future simple in the sentence made by students in the Academic year of 2003/2004.

30 D. Technique of Data Collection

Technique of Data Collection are as follows: 1) Library Research

Library Research is used to get appropriate and relevant book with this study.

2) Documentation method is a number of data that have in the school.

The Documentation is used to get name students of second years MA Al-Bidayah Candi Ambarawa.

3) Test Method is sequence of question which for measuring or evaluating how far the ability ,knowledge, intelligence or attitude someone process either individual or collective.4 The test used is to know the result of achievement from test given to students.

4) Interview Interview is dialoque which will be done by interviewer to get information from interviewee.5Here the writer asks the English teacher to know the condition of the second year students in obtaining the more accurate data and others.

E. Technique of Data Analysis

The writer uses many steps in analysis data as following: 1) Qualitative percentage analysis

4 Ibid., page 127

5 Ibid., page 132

P=— AT 00% 6

N-

P=Percents F= Frequency( From the Error)

N=Total number (Respondent) 2) Qualitative non statistical analysis

a. The writer classifies the students achievements using factor analysis by the use of five letters:A,B,C,D and E System, which expressed various level of achievement. In addition , it was relatively easy to translate from letter grading to percentage grading.7 The writer uses the following category

Score Grade Level of Number of %

Achievement Students 93-100% correct

A. Outstanding Outstanding achievement 85-92% correct

B. Very good above average achievement

75-84% correct

C. Satisfactory average achievement

6 Anas, Sudijo, 1966, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta, PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, page. 40

7 Tinambunan, Wilmar, 1988, Evaluation o f students Achievement,

Jakarta,Departement Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Directorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi

page. 129

60-74 correct

D. Very week below average achievement Bellow 60%

E. Fail Insufficient achievement b. Error factor analysis

It is to find the source of errors

c. Descriptive analysis It is to find the efforts made by the teacher.

F. Data Presentation Respondent and Score of the test

No Name Score No Name Score

1. Aji Santoso

95 26.

Dwi Anggaeni

2. Amir Murtono

85 27.

Aris Nurhidayati

3. Eko Wardi

28. Eko Kusmanto

55 4. Fathul Karim

29. Halimi Abdul

5. Isna Agustini

30. Eka Royani

80 6. Jariyah

31. Imam Muhafid

7 Kasmudi

32. Lismiyarti

95 8. Laelatul K

33. Muhammad

9. M.Imam A

34. Muhannam

10. M. Mujab Maali

35. Muttaqien

11. Nasrodin

85 36.

Fadan Hanief

80 12. Nunung K

37. NurFitria Anwar

13. Nur Rokhim

38. Nurul Mualifah

THE ERROR ANALYSIS OF USING FUTURE SIMPLE IN THE SENTENCE MADE BY THE SECOND YEAR SENIOR ISLAMIC HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS (MA) AL-BIDAYAH CANDI AMBARAWA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2003/2004 - Test Repository