S MRL 1204374 Table of content
Daftar Isi
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................................................. I
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................................................... II
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................ III
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ...................................................................................................................IV
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................................................VI
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................................ IX
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................................................. XI
BAB I PENDAHULUAN........................................................................................................................ 1
1.1
LATARBELAKANGMASALAH....................................................................................................... 1
1.2
RUMUSAN MASALAH ............................................................................................................ 10
1.3
TUJUAN PENELITIAN .............................................................................................................. 11
1.4
MANFAAT PENELITIAN ........................................................................................................... 11
1.5
SISTEMATIKA PENULISAN ........................................................................................................ 12
1.6
DEFINISI OPERASIONAL .......................................................................................................... 12
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA .................................................................................................................. 14
2.1
Pariwisata ....................................................................................................................... 14
A. Pengertian Pariwisata .................................................................................................................... 14
2.2
Wisatawan ...................................................................................................................... 14
A. Pengertian Wisatawan ................................................................................................................... 14
2.3
2.4
Konsep Zonasi Kawasan ................................................................................................... 15
Daya Dukung Lingkungan ................................................................................................ 17
A. Pengertian Daya Dukung Lingkungan .............................................................................................. 17
2.5
Macam-Macam Daya Dukung Pariwisata ........................................................................ 25
A. Daya Dukung Fisik .......................................................................................................................... 25
B. Daya Dukung Ekologis .................................................................................................................... 26
C. Daya Dukung Psikologis .................................................................................................................. 28
2.6
Fungsi Kawasan Hutan..................................................................................................... 28
A.
B.
C.
D.
Kawasan Fungsi Lindung................................................................................................................. 29
Kawasan Fungsi Penyangga ............................................................................................................ 30
Kawasan Fungsi Budi Daya atau Pemanfaatan................................................................................. 31
Kawasan Fungsi Budi Daya Tanaman Semusim dan Permukiman ..................................................... 31
2.7
Pengertian Ekowisata ...................................................................................................... 31
2.8
Vandalisme...................................................................................................................... 32
2.9
Kebijakan Pemerintah ...................................................................................................... 34
2.10 Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung .................................................................................. 38
2.11 Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................................................................................ 40
2.12 Kerangka Pemikiran ......................................................................................................... 44
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................................................................... 46
3.1
3.2
3.3
Desain Penelitian ........................................................................................................................... 46
Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................................................................ 46
Populasi dan Sample ...................................................................................................................... 47
Fachry Ramadhan Sjam Putra, 2016
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PARIWISATA SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN PENGUNJUNG DI WANA
WISATA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG, KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
Variabel Penelitian ......................................................................................................................... 49
Oprasional Variabel ........................................................................................................................ 49
Instrumen Penelitian ...................................................................................................................... 51
Jenis Sumber Data.......................................................................................................................... 53
Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................................................................. 53
Teknik Pengolahan Data ................................................................................................................. 54
A. Metode Zonasi ............................................................................................................................... 55
1) Variabel ................................................................................................................................... 55
2) Teknik Analisis.......................................................................................................................... 55
B. Metode Daya Dukung..................................................................................................................... 57
1) Teknik Analisis.......................................................................................................................... 57
a) Daya Dukung Ekologis dan Daya Tampung Kawasan ............................................................ 57
C. Metode Penyusunan Konsep Pengelolaan Pengunjung.................................................................... 58
1) Populasi / Sampel..................................................................................................................... 58
a) Populasi ............................................................................................................................. 58
b) Sampel............................................................................................................................... 58
c) Pendekatan Skala Likert...................................................................................................... 59
2) Teknik Analisis.......................................................................................................................... 59
d) Reduksi .............................................................................................................................. 60
e) Penyajian data ................................................................................................................... 60
f) Verifikasi ............................................................................................................................ 61
3.10 Uji Validitas dan Reabilitas ............................................................................................................. 61
BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................................................................................. 64
4.1
Temuan Penelitian ......................................................................................................................... 65
A. Profil Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung......................................................................................... 65
1) Profil Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung................................................................................... 65
2) Sejarah Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ............................................................................... 67
3) Aksesibilitas Menuju Kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ............................................. 69
4) Daya Tarik Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ........................................................................... 71
5) Kondisi Sosial Masyarakat Sekitar Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ........................................ 79
B. Zonasi Kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung......................................................................... 83
1) Kondisi Morfologi dan Kelas Kemiringan Lereng ....................................................................... 83
2) Penggunaan Lahan Kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung................................................ 86
3) Zonasi Kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung................................................................... 88
C. Daya Dukung dan Daya Tampung Kawasan ..................................................................................... 93
1) Ecology Carrying Capacity Area Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ........................................... 94
D. Karakterstik Wisatawan.................................................................................................................. 96
1) Aspek Geografis ....................................................................................................................... 96
2) Aspek Sosio – Demografi .......................................................................................................... 97
3) Aspek Jenis Perjalanan ............................................................................................................. 98
4) Aspek Motivasi Wisatawan ..................................................................................................... 100
E. Pemahaman Wisatawan Terhadap Tindakan Vandalism ................................................................ 101
1) Acquitive Vandalism ............................................................................................................... 101
2) Tactical Vandalism ................................................................................................................. 103
g) Ideological Vandalism....................................................................................................... 104
3) Play Vandalism....................................................................................................................... 106
4) Malicious Vandalism .............................................................................................................. 107
4.2
Pembahasan ................................................................................................................................ 111
A. Analisis Daya Dukung Wisata ........................................................................................................ 111
Fachry Ramadhan Sjam Putra, 2016
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PARIWISATA SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN PENGUNJUNG DI WANA
WISATA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG, KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
B. Analisis Karakteristik dan Pemahaman Perilaku Vandalism Wisatawan di Wana Wisata Gunung
Galunggung ....................................................................................................................................... 113
C. Konsep Pengelolaan Pengunjung .................................................................................................. 115
a) Pembatasan Jumlah Kunjungan dan Lama Kunjungan........................................................ 118
b) Menerapkan system Limited of Acceptable Change di kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung
Galunggung............................................................................................................................ 119
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ......................................................................................... 120
5.1
5.2
SIMPULAN ................................................................................................................................... 120
REKOMENDASI ............................................................................................................................. 123
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................................................... 126
LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................................................... 129
Fachry Ramadhan Sjam Putra, 2016
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PARIWISATA SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN PENGUNJUNG DI WANA
WISATA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG, KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................................................. I
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................................................... II
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................ III
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ...................................................................................................................IV
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................................................VI
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................................ IX
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................................................. XI
BAB I PENDAHULUAN........................................................................................................................ 1
1.1
LATARBELAKANGMASALAH....................................................................................................... 1
1.2
RUMUSAN MASALAH ............................................................................................................ 10
1.3
TUJUAN PENELITIAN .............................................................................................................. 11
1.4
MANFAAT PENELITIAN ........................................................................................................... 11
1.5
SISTEMATIKA PENULISAN ........................................................................................................ 12
1.6
DEFINISI OPERASIONAL .......................................................................................................... 12
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA .................................................................................................................. 14
2.1
Pariwisata ....................................................................................................................... 14
A. Pengertian Pariwisata .................................................................................................................... 14
2.2
Wisatawan ...................................................................................................................... 14
A. Pengertian Wisatawan ................................................................................................................... 14
2.3
2.4
Konsep Zonasi Kawasan ................................................................................................... 15
Daya Dukung Lingkungan ................................................................................................ 17
A. Pengertian Daya Dukung Lingkungan .............................................................................................. 17
2.5
Macam-Macam Daya Dukung Pariwisata ........................................................................ 25
A. Daya Dukung Fisik .......................................................................................................................... 25
B. Daya Dukung Ekologis .................................................................................................................... 26
C. Daya Dukung Psikologis .................................................................................................................. 28
2.6
Fungsi Kawasan Hutan..................................................................................................... 28
A.
B.
C.
D.
Kawasan Fungsi Lindung................................................................................................................. 29
Kawasan Fungsi Penyangga ............................................................................................................ 30
Kawasan Fungsi Budi Daya atau Pemanfaatan................................................................................. 31
Kawasan Fungsi Budi Daya Tanaman Semusim dan Permukiman ..................................................... 31
2.7
Pengertian Ekowisata ...................................................................................................... 31
2.8
Vandalisme...................................................................................................................... 32
2.9
Kebijakan Pemerintah ...................................................................................................... 34
2.10 Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung .................................................................................. 38
2.11 Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................................................................................ 40
2.12 Kerangka Pemikiran ......................................................................................................... 44
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................................................................... 46
3.1
3.2
3.3
Desain Penelitian ........................................................................................................................... 46
Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................................................................ 46
Populasi dan Sample ...................................................................................................................... 47
Fachry Ramadhan Sjam Putra, 2016
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PARIWISATA SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN PENGUNJUNG DI WANA
WISATA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG, KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
Variabel Penelitian ......................................................................................................................... 49
Oprasional Variabel ........................................................................................................................ 49
Instrumen Penelitian ...................................................................................................................... 51
Jenis Sumber Data.......................................................................................................................... 53
Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................................................................. 53
Teknik Pengolahan Data ................................................................................................................. 54
A. Metode Zonasi ............................................................................................................................... 55
1) Variabel ................................................................................................................................... 55
2) Teknik Analisis.......................................................................................................................... 55
B. Metode Daya Dukung..................................................................................................................... 57
1) Teknik Analisis.......................................................................................................................... 57
a) Daya Dukung Ekologis dan Daya Tampung Kawasan ............................................................ 57
C. Metode Penyusunan Konsep Pengelolaan Pengunjung.................................................................... 58
1) Populasi / Sampel..................................................................................................................... 58
a) Populasi ............................................................................................................................. 58
b) Sampel............................................................................................................................... 58
c) Pendekatan Skala Likert...................................................................................................... 59
2) Teknik Analisis.......................................................................................................................... 59
d) Reduksi .............................................................................................................................. 60
e) Penyajian data ................................................................................................................... 60
f) Verifikasi ............................................................................................................................ 61
3.10 Uji Validitas dan Reabilitas ............................................................................................................. 61
BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................................................................................. 64
4.1
Temuan Penelitian ......................................................................................................................... 65
A. Profil Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung......................................................................................... 65
1) Profil Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung................................................................................... 65
2) Sejarah Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ............................................................................... 67
3) Aksesibilitas Menuju Kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ............................................. 69
4) Daya Tarik Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ........................................................................... 71
5) Kondisi Sosial Masyarakat Sekitar Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ........................................ 79
B. Zonasi Kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung......................................................................... 83
1) Kondisi Morfologi dan Kelas Kemiringan Lereng ....................................................................... 83
2) Penggunaan Lahan Kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung................................................ 86
3) Zonasi Kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung................................................................... 88
C. Daya Dukung dan Daya Tampung Kawasan ..................................................................................... 93
1) Ecology Carrying Capacity Area Wana Wisata Gunung Galunggung ........................................... 94
D. Karakterstik Wisatawan.................................................................................................................. 96
1) Aspek Geografis ....................................................................................................................... 96
2) Aspek Sosio – Demografi .......................................................................................................... 97
3) Aspek Jenis Perjalanan ............................................................................................................. 98
4) Aspek Motivasi Wisatawan ..................................................................................................... 100
E. Pemahaman Wisatawan Terhadap Tindakan Vandalism ................................................................ 101
1) Acquitive Vandalism ............................................................................................................... 101
2) Tactical Vandalism ................................................................................................................. 103
g) Ideological Vandalism....................................................................................................... 104
3) Play Vandalism....................................................................................................................... 106
4) Malicious Vandalism .............................................................................................................. 107
4.2
Pembahasan ................................................................................................................................ 111
A. Analisis Daya Dukung Wisata ........................................................................................................ 111
Fachry Ramadhan Sjam Putra, 2016
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PARIWISATA SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN PENGUNJUNG DI WANA
WISATA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG, KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
B. Analisis Karakteristik dan Pemahaman Perilaku Vandalism Wisatawan di Wana Wisata Gunung
Galunggung ....................................................................................................................................... 113
C. Konsep Pengelolaan Pengunjung .................................................................................................. 115
a) Pembatasan Jumlah Kunjungan dan Lama Kunjungan........................................................ 118
b) Menerapkan system Limited of Acceptable Change di kawasan Wana Wisata Gunung
Galunggung............................................................................................................................ 119
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ......................................................................................... 120
5.1
5.2
SIMPULAN ................................................................................................................................... 120
REKOMENDASI ............................................................................................................................. 123
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................................................... 126
LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................................................... 129
Fachry Ramadhan Sjam Putra, 2016
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PARIWISATA SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN PENGUNJUNG DI WANA
WISATA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG, KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu