Imunisasi Difteria Diulang Saat Anak Sudah Remaja.

to r y a n g d ite n g a ra i b e rp e ra n

d a la m te r-

ja d in y a k e ja d ia n lu a r b ia s a d if te r ia . M is a ln y a c a k u p a n im u n is a s i p a d a b a y i d a n
u la n g a n n y a

(booster)

y a n g m a s ih re n -

d a h d a n te rja d in y a p e n u ru n a n

tin g k a t

h a d a p d ifte ria d i a ta s n ila i p ro te k tifb a g i
r e m a ja ," u c a p n y a .
K o n d is i in i, m e n u ru t

E d d y , b is a ja d i

k a re n a m a s ih a d a n y a a n g g a p a n d a la m
m a s y a ra k a t b a h w a im u n is a s i y a n g

k e k e b a la n s p e s ifik (Ig G ) p a d a m e re k a

d ib e rik a n s a a t k e c il d ia n g g a p s u d a h

y a n g s u d a h m e n d a p a tk a n

c u k u p d a n a k a n m e lin d u n g i s e u m u r

im u n is a s i,

s e irin g d e n g a n b e rta m b a h n y a

w a k tu

h id u p . S e la in itu , d a y a ta h a n re m a ja d i-

m is a ln y a te rja d i p a d a k e lo m p o k re m a ja

a n g g a p s u d a h b a ik , s e h in g g a k a la u s a k it

dan dew asa.

ju g a tid a k a k a n s a m p a i b e ra t d a n tid a k

'

D i n e g a ra b e rk e m b a n g
h e r p e n u la ra n

teriae

dengan sum -

Corynebacterium diph-

m a s ih tin g g i. K e k e b a la n y a n g d i-

d a p a t d a ri lin g k u n g a n

m em egang pe-

ra n a n p e n tin g d a la m p e rlin d u n g a n

te r-

a k a n s a m p a i m e n in g g a l.
P a d a h a l, re m a ja ju g a

m e m e rlu k a n

im u n is a s i u la n g a g a r s ta tu s k e k e b a la n n y a te ta p te rja g a . E d d y m e n g a ta k a n ,
v a k s in D T y a n g

s a a t in i b e re d a r d i In -

h a d a p d ifte ria . S e irin g d e n g a n h a l te rs e -

d o n e s ia tid a k b o le h d ig u n a k a n

but upaya pencegahan

re m a ja k a re n a d a p a t m e n im b u lk a n

te rh a d a p

kem u-

u n tu k

n g k in k a n te rja d in y a k e ja d ia n lu a r b ia s a

g a n g g u a n n e u ro lo g is y a n g b e ra t. M e s k i

p e n y a k it d ifte ria d a p a t d ila k u k a n d e n -

d e m ik ia n , a g a r re m a ja tid a k te rk e n a

g a n m e n in g k a tk a n

d ifte ria a ta u b a h k a n b u k a n s e b a g a i

c a k u p a n im u n is a s i

y a n g tin g g i.

s u m b e r p e n u la ra n ,

P rio rita s u ta m a b e ra d a p a d a im u n is a s i d a s a r d e n g a n c a ra m e m b e rik a n
tig a d o s is D T P p a d a u s ia

2

b u la n , 4 b u -

la n , d a n 6 b u la n , k e m u d ia n
k e tik a a n a k b e ru s ia

18

d iu la n g

b u la n . D ih a ra p -

u p a y a p e m b e ria n

im u n is a s i u la n g d a p a t d ila k u k a n d e n g a n m e m a k a i v a k s in d ifte ria , te ta p i
d o s is n y a s u d a h d ik u ra n g i.
" V a k s in s e p e rti in i te rb u k ti a m a n d a n
b e rm a n fa a t.

I m u n is a s i u la n g .y a n g

k a n , c a k u p a n im u n is a s i d a p a t m e n c a p a i

d ib e rik a n p a d a re m a ja b e ru s ia

m e n d e k a ti 9 0 p e rs e n . S e te la h itu , p e m -

ta h u n

m e n in g k a tk a n

b e ria n im u n is a s i d iu la n g s a a t u s ia s e k o -

se ru m

s p e s ifik (Ig G ) p ro te k tif te rh a d a p

la h , y a itu k e tik a u s ia 5 ta h u n

d ifte ria d a n te ta n u s . M e la lu i im u n is a s i

dan

ta h u n . Im u n is a s i d ila k s a n a k a n

12

m e la lu i

1 0 -1 8

k a d a r im u n o lo g ik

u la n g p a d a re m a ja d ih a ra p k a n

k e g ia ta n B u la n Im u n is a s i A n a k S e k o la h

m e n c e g a h te rja d in y a

(B IA S ) .

sease," p a p a r n y a .

dapat

reemerging di-

. M e n u ru t E d d y , tin g k a t k e k e b a la n

D i A m e rik a S e rik a t, im u n is a s i u la n g

im u n is a s i a k a n m e n u ru n s e ja la n d e -

d ifte ria d a n te ta n u s u n tu k a n a k u s ia 7

n g a n b e rta m b a h n y a

ta h u n

u s ia a n a k . K o n d is i

a ta u le b ih m e n g g u n a k a n

v a k s in

in i b is a te rja d i p a d a s a a t a n a k m e m a -

k o m b in a s i d ifte ria d a n te ta n u s , y a itu

s u k i u s ia re m a ja . D e n g a n d e m ik ia n , re -

d e n g a n p e n g u ra n g a n

m a ja te rm a s u k

m e n ja d i s a tu p e r s e p u lu h d o s is b a y i.

te rk e n a d ifte ria ,

k e lo m p o k y a n g re n ta n
s e k a lig u s b is a s e b a g a i

s u m b e r p e n u la ra n

d ifte ria . Im u n is a s i

d e n g a n d e m ik ia n d ip e rlu k a n

re m a ja

p u la .
" N a m u n s a a t in i b e lu m

P e n g u ra n g a n

d o s is d ifte ria

d o s is in i d ila k u k a n a g a r

le b ih a m a n k a re n a p e n e litia n
n y a m e n u n ju k a n

s e b e lu rn -

re a k s i lo k a l d a n s is -

te m ik m e n in g k a t d e n g a n b e rta m b a h n y a
a d a p ro g ra m

u m u r d a n m a k in s e rin g n y a d ib e ri im u -

im u n is a s i u n tu k m e m p e rta h a n k a n

n is a s i y a n g m e n g a n d u n g

k a d a r im u n o lo g in s p e s ifik (Ig G ) te r-

R a tn a d e w i/" P R " )* * *

d ifte ria .

(Yeni