A PRAGMATIC STU DY ON THE ILLOCUTIONA RY FORCE OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN "THE IRON LADY" MOVIE MANUSCRIPT.
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
A PRAGMATIC STUDY ON THE ILLOCUTIONARY FORCE OF
MOVIE MANUSCRIPT
THESIS
By:
HAPPY OKTAWIYANTININGRUM
K2209039
English Education Department
Teacher Training and Education Faculty
Sebelas Maret University
Surakarta
2013
commiti to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
PRONOUNCEMENT
I would like to certify that the thesis entitled A PRAGMATIC STUDY
ON
THE
ILLOCUTIONARY
FORCE
OF
INTERROGATIVE
is really my
own work. It is not plagiarism or made by others. Everything related to others
works are written in quotation, the sources of which are listed on the bibliography.
If then, this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to receive any
academic punishment.
Sragen,
July 2013
Happy Oktawiyantiningrum
commitiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
A PRAGMATIC STUDY ON THE ILLOCUTIONARY FORCE OF
MOVIE MANUSCRIPT
Submitted to the Teacher Training and education Faculty of Sebelas Maret
University to Fulfil one of the requirements for obtaining the undergraduate
degree in english education
THESIS
By:
HAPPY OKTAWIYANTININGRUM
K2209039
English Education Department
Teacher Training and Education Faculty
Sebelas Maret University
Surakarta
2013
commitiiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS
This thesis has been apprived by thesis Consultants to be examined by the thesis
Examiners board of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret
University Surakarta.
On
:
By
:
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Drs. Suparno, M.Pd.
Dr. Sujoko, M.A.
NIP. 195111271986011001
NIP. 195109121980031002
commitivto user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD EXAMINERS
This thesis has been examined by the Board of Thesis Examiners of the English
Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas
Maret University Surakarta and has been accepted to fulfill one of the
requirements for obtaining the Undergraduate Degree in English Education.
Date :
Day :
The Board of Examiners:
1. Chair
Endang Setyaningsih, S.Pd., M.Hum.
NIP. 19800513 200312 2 002
2. Secretary
Teguh Sarosa, S.S., M.Hum.
NIP. 19730205 200604 1 001
3. First Examiner
Drs. Suparno, M.Pd.
NIP. 19511127 198601 1 001
4. Second Examiner
Dr. Sujoko, M.A.
NIP. 19510912 198003 1 002
(..................................)
(..................................)
(..................................)
(..................................)
Teacher Training and Education Faculty
Sebelas Maret University of Surakarta
Dean,
Prof. Dr. H. M. Furqon Hidayatullah, M.Pd.
NIP. 19600727 198702 1 001
commitv to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Happy Oktawiyantiningrum. K2209039. A Pragmatic Study on the
Illocutionary Force of Interrogative Sentences
Movie Manuscript. Thesis. English Department. Teacher Training and
Education Faculty. Sebelas Maret University. Surakarta.
This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The source of data is
e. It is a British biographical film based
on the life of Margaret Thatcher, the longest serving Prime Minister of the United
Kingdom of the 20th century. The film was directed by Phyllida Lloyd. The writer
found 92 interrogative sentences in this script.
The data are the interrogative sentences taken from the movie script. In
order to achieve the goals of this research, that is, 1) to describe the contexts of
interrogative sentences that suggest its illocutionary force which couraged by the
writer classifies the interrogative sentences by their illocutionary forces based on
. Before analyzing the movie
script, the writer explains context for a better understanding about the intention
wanted.
The results of this research are that, 1) there are four kinds of interrogative
: yes-no interrogative
sentence employe
questions, wh- interrogative questions, tag questions, and declarative mood
questions, 2) the interrogative
elicit-inform interrogative utterance, elicit-clarify interrogative utterance, elicitinform interrogative utterance, elicit-agree interrogative utterance, elicit-permit
interrogative utterance, inclusive directive, and non-inclusive directive.
The contribution of this research to English education are, 1) the
illocutionary force of interrogative sentences can be used as a classrom instruction,
and 2) the illocutionary force of interrogative sentence also can be used as a
lesson material.
Keywords: pragmatic, speech act, illocution, interrogative
commitvito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRAK
Happy Oktawiyantiningrum. K2209039. Penelitian Prakmatik tentang
is. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan.
Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data
biografi Inggris berdasar dari kehidupan Margaret Thatcher, Perdana Menteri
terlama Inggris Raya pada abad 20. Film ini disutradarai oleh Phyllida Lloyd.
Penulis menemukan sebanyak 92 kalimat tanya pada transkrip ini.
Data yang digunakan adalah kalimat tanya yang diambil dari transkrip film.
Untuk menuju tujuan dari penalitian ini, yang diantaranya, 1) untuk
mendeskripsikan konteks dari kalimat tanya yang digunakan oleh karakterkalimat tanya yang digunakan oleh karakterpenulis mengklasifikasikan ilokusi pada kalimat tanya berdasarkan teori dari Lock
dan teori ungkapan tanya dari Oyeleye dan Ayodele. Sebelum menganalisis,
penulis menjelaskan konteks untuk pengertian yang lebih baik tentang maksud
yang pembicara inginkan.
Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini adalah, 1) terdapat empat macam kalimat
tidak, kalimat tanya wh-, kalimat tanya tag, kalimat tanya menerangkan keadaan,
ungkapan tanya
penimbulan-informasi, ungkapan tanya penimbulan-klarifikasi, ungkapan tanya
penimbulan-kesetujuan, ungkapan tanya penimbulan-ijin, perintah inklusif, dan
perintah non-inklusif.
Kontribusi penelitian ini terhadap pelajaran bahasa Inggris adalah, 1) dapat
digunakannya kata tanya yang memiliki ilokusi tertentu sebagai instruksi di dalam
kelas, dan 2) dapat digunakannya kata tanya dengan ilokusi tertentu sebagai
materi pelajaran.
Kata kunci: prakmatik, tindak tutur, ilokusi, kalimat tanya
commit
viito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
MOTTO
Watch your words for they become actions.
Watch your actions for they become habits.
Watch your habits for they become your character.
And watch your character for it becomes your destiny.
What we think, we become.
(Margaret Thatcher)
(Abraham Lincoln)
commit
viiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
DEDICATION
This thesis is lovingly dedicated to:
My mother and my father.
My lovely sisters.
commitixto user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praise be to Allah SWT to the blesses for the writer to finish the thesis
as one of the requirements for achieving Undergraduate Degree in English
Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University.
The writer believes that many people have given her support to finish this thesis.
So, she would like to express her sincere gratitude to the following:
1.
The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas
Maret University for his permission to write this thesis.
2.
The Head of English Department of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, for her permission to write this
thesis.
3.
Drs. Suparno, M. Pd., the first consultant for all his patience,
motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. His guidance
helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis.
4.
The second consultant, Dr. Sujoko, M.A., for his time, advice, and
patience to make the thesis better.
5.
All the lectures, administrative staffs and friends in the English
Department of Sebelas Maret University for the assistance so the
writer could enjoy the time during her learning in the English
Department.
6.
Her mother and her father for their massive supports and patience, for
giving birth to the writer at the first place and supporting the writer
spiritually throughout her life.
commitx to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
7.
digilib.uns.ac.id
Yani Dwi Pratiwi and Arini Riska Tri Suryandari,
great
lovely sisters. They prevent stress for sure.
8.
best friends: Meita, Elita, Jonatiara, Woro, Elma, and
Rahajeng. For always brightening
life when she has been
through a storm.
9.
SBI 2009 for a good love and laugh.
10. The entire members of English Department, especially for ED 2009
for the friendship and happiness that she has spent with.
This thesis is far from being perfect, so the writer would be very pleased
for all the suggestion, criticism, and comment on this thesis better. The writer
hopes that this thesis could give some knowledges to everyone who read it.
Sragen,
July 2013
Happy Oktawiyantiningrum
commitxito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE OF CONTENT
PRONOUNCEMENT .....................................................................................
ii
TITLE ..............................................................................................................
iii
APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS ................................................................
iv
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ........................................
v
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
vi
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................
vii
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
viii
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..............................................................................
x
TABLE OF CONTENT ..................................................................................
xii
LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................
xv
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study .......................................................
1
B. Problem Statement ................................................................
3
C. Problem Limitation ...............................................................
3
D. Research Objectives ..............................................................
4
E. The Benefit of the Study .......................................................
4
CHAPTER II.LITERARY REVIEW ..............................................................
6
A. Pragmatics ...............................................................................
6
1. Definition of Pragmatics ......................................................
6
2. Principles of Pragmatics ......................................................
7
B. Speech Acts .............................................................................
9
commit
xiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
1. Definition of Speech Acts ...................................................
9
2. Direct and Indirect Speech Acts ..........................................
10
3. Classification of Speech Acts ..............................................
12
4. Felicity Condition ................................................................
14
C. Illocutionary Force ...................................................................
15
D. Context .....................................................................................
17
E. Interrogative Sentences.............................................................
20
F. Film ...........................................................................................
27
1. Definitions of Film ..............................................................
27
2. Genres of Film .....................................................................
28
3.
...................................................................
30
4.
.......................................
30
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..........................................
33
A. Object of the Study ..................................................................
33
B. Type of Research .....................................................................
33
C. Data and Source of Data ..........................................................
34
D. Sample and Technique of Sampling ........................................
34
E. Equipments of Research ..........................................................
34
F. Technique of Collecting Data ..................................................
34
G. Technique of Data Coding ......................................................
35
H. Trustworthiness .......................................................................
36
I. Technique of Analyzing Data ...................................................
36
CHAPTER IV. DATA ANALYSIS ...............................................................
40
A. Introduction to Analysis ..........................................................
40
B. Data Analysis ...........................................................................
40
C. Discussion.................................................................................
90
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, SUGGESTION .................
93
A. Conclusion ...............................................................................
93
B. Implication ...............................................................................
94
commit
xiiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
C. Suggestion ...............................................................................
114
BIBLIOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................
116
APPENDICES ................................................................................................
119
commit
xivto user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
LIST OF APPENDICES
1.
2.
Legalizations.
commit
xvto user
digilib.uns.ac.id
A PRAGMATIC STUDY ON THE ILLOCUTIONARY FORCE OF
MOVIE MANUSCRIPT
THESIS
By:
HAPPY OKTAWIYANTININGRUM
K2209039
English Education Department
Teacher Training and Education Faculty
Sebelas Maret University
Surakarta
2013
commiti to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
PRONOUNCEMENT
I would like to certify that the thesis entitled A PRAGMATIC STUDY
ON
THE
ILLOCUTIONARY
FORCE
OF
INTERROGATIVE
is really my
own work. It is not plagiarism or made by others. Everything related to others
works are written in quotation, the sources of which are listed on the bibliography.
If then, this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to receive any
academic punishment.
Sragen,
July 2013
Happy Oktawiyantiningrum
commitiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
A PRAGMATIC STUDY ON THE ILLOCUTIONARY FORCE OF
MOVIE MANUSCRIPT
Submitted to the Teacher Training and education Faculty of Sebelas Maret
University to Fulfil one of the requirements for obtaining the undergraduate
degree in english education
THESIS
By:
HAPPY OKTAWIYANTININGRUM
K2209039
English Education Department
Teacher Training and Education Faculty
Sebelas Maret University
Surakarta
2013
commitiiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS
This thesis has been apprived by thesis Consultants to be examined by the thesis
Examiners board of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret
University Surakarta.
On
:
By
:
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Drs. Suparno, M.Pd.
Dr. Sujoko, M.A.
NIP. 195111271986011001
NIP. 195109121980031002
commitivto user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD EXAMINERS
This thesis has been examined by the Board of Thesis Examiners of the English
Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas
Maret University Surakarta and has been accepted to fulfill one of the
requirements for obtaining the Undergraduate Degree in English Education.
Date :
Day :
The Board of Examiners:
1. Chair
Endang Setyaningsih, S.Pd., M.Hum.
NIP. 19800513 200312 2 002
2. Secretary
Teguh Sarosa, S.S., M.Hum.
NIP. 19730205 200604 1 001
3. First Examiner
Drs. Suparno, M.Pd.
NIP. 19511127 198601 1 001
4. Second Examiner
Dr. Sujoko, M.A.
NIP. 19510912 198003 1 002
(..................................)
(..................................)
(..................................)
(..................................)
Teacher Training and Education Faculty
Sebelas Maret University of Surakarta
Dean,
Prof. Dr. H. M. Furqon Hidayatullah, M.Pd.
NIP. 19600727 198702 1 001
commitv to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Happy Oktawiyantiningrum. K2209039. A Pragmatic Study on the
Illocutionary Force of Interrogative Sentences
Movie Manuscript. Thesis. English Department. Teacher Training and
Education Faculty. Sebelas Maret University. Surakarta.
This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The source of data is
e. It is a British biographical film based
on the life of Margaret Thatcher, the longest serving Prime Minister of the United
Kingdom of the 20th century. The film was directed by Phyllida Lloyd. The writer
found 92 interrogative sentences in this script.
The data are the interrogative sentences taken from the movie script. In
order to achieve the goals of this research, that is, 1) to describe the contexts of
interrogative sentences that suggest its illocutionary force which couraged by the
writer classifies the interrogative sentences by their illocutionary forces based on
. Before analyzing the movie
script, the writer explains context for a better understanding about the intention
wanted.
The results of this research are that, 1) there are four kinds of interrogative
: yes-no interrogative
sentence employe
questions, wh- interrogative questions, tag questions, and declarative mood
questions, 2) the interrogative
elicit-inform interrogative utterance, elicit-clarify interrogative utterance, elicitinform interrogative utterance, elicit-agree interrogative utterance, elicit-permit
interrogative utterance, inclusive directive, and non-inclusive directive.
The contribution of this research to English education are, 1) the
illocutionary force of interrogative sentences can be used as a classrom instruction,
and 2) the illocutionary force of interrogative sentence also can be used as a
lesson material.
Keywords: pragmatic, speech act, illocution, interrogative
commitvito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRAK
Happy Oktawiyantiningrum. K2209039. Penelitian Prakmatik tentang
is. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan.
Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data
biografi Inggris berdasar dari kehidupan Margaret Thatcher, Perdana Menteri
terlama Inggris Raya pada abad 20. Film ini disutradarai oleh Phyllida Lloyd.
Penulis menemukan sebanyak 92 kalimat tanya pada transkrip ini.
Data yang digunakan adalah kalimat tanya yang diambil dari transkrip film.
Untuk menuju tujuan dari penalitian ini, yang diantaranya, 1) untuk
mendeskripsikan konteks dari kalimat tanya yang digunakan oleh karakterkalimat tanya yang digunakan oleh karakterpenulis mengklasifikasikan ilokusi pada kalimat tanya berdasarkan teori dari Lock
dan teori ungkapan tanya dari Oyeleye dan Ayodele. Sebelum menganalisis,
penulis menjelaskan konteks untuk pengertian yang lebih baik tentang maksud
yang pembicara inginkan.
Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini adalah, 1) terdapat empat macam kalimat
tidak, kalimat tanya wh-, kalimat tanya tag, kalimat tanya menerangkan keadaan,
ungkapan tanya
penimbulan-informasi, ungkapan tanya penimbulan-klarifikasi, ungkapan tanya
penimbulan-kesetujuan, ungkapan tanya penimbulan-ijin, perintah inklusif, dan
perintah non-inklusif.
Kontribusi penelitian ini terhadap pelajaran bahasa Inggris adalah, 1) dapat
digunakannya kata tanya yang memiliki ilokusi tertentu sebagai instruksi di dalam
kelas, dan 2) dapat digunakannya kata tanya dengan ilokusi tertentu sebagai
materi pelajaran.
Kata kunci: prakmatik, tindak tutur, ilokusi, kalimat tanya
commit
viito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
MOTTO
Watch your words for they become actions.
Watch your actions for they become habits.
Watch your habits for they become your character.
And watch your character for it becomes your destiny.
What we think, we become.
(Margaret Thatcher)
(Abraham Lincoln)
commit
viiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
DEDICATION
This thesis is lovingly dedicated to:
My mother and my father.
My lovely sisters.
commitixto user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praise be to Allah SWT to the blesses for the writer to finish the thesis
as one of the requirements for achieving Undergraduate Degree in English
Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University.
The writer believes that many people have given her support to finish this thesis.
So, she would like to express her sincere gratitude to the following:
1.
The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas
Maret University for his permission to write this thesis.
2.
The Head of English Department of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, for her permission to write this
thesis.
3.
Drs. Suparno, M. Pd., the first consultant for all his patience,
motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. His guidance
helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis.
4.
The second consultant, Dr. Sujoko, M.A., for his time, advice, and
patience to make the thesis better.
5.
All the lectures, administrative staffs and friends in the English
Department of Sebelas Maret University for the assistance so the
writer could enjoy the time during her learning in the English
Department.
6.
Her mother and her father for their massive supports and patience, for
giving birth to the writer at the first place and supporting the writer
spiritually throughout her life.
commitx to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
7.
digilib.uns.ac.id
Yani Dwi Pratiwi and Arini Riska Tri Suryandari,
great
lovely sisters. They prevent stress for sure.
8.
best friends: Meita, Elita, Jonatiara, Woro, Elma, and
Rahajeng. For always brightening
life when she has been
through a storm.
9.
SBI 2009 for a good love and laugh.
10. The entire members of English Department, especially for ED 2009
for the friendship and happiness that she has spent with.
This thesis is far from being perfect, so the writer would be very pleased
for all the suggestion, criticism, and comment on this thesis better. The writer
hopes that this thesis could give some knowledges to everyone who read it.
Sragen,
July 2013
Happy Oktawiyantiningrum
commitxito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE OF CONTENT
PRONOUNCEMENT .....................................................................................
ii
TITLE ..............................................................................................................
iii
APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS ................................................................
iv
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ........................................
v
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
vi
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................
vii
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
viii
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..............................................................................
x
TABLE OF CONTENT ..................................................................................
xii
LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................
xv
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study .......................................................
1
B. Problem Statement ................................................................
3
C. Problem Limitation ...............................................................
3
D. Research Objectives ..............................................................
4
E. The Benefit of the Study .......................................................
4
CHAPTER II.LITERARY REVIEW ..............................................................
6
A. Pragmatics ...............................................................................
6
1. Definition of Pragmatics ......................................................
6
2. Principles of Pragmatics ......................................................
7
B. Speech Acts .............................................................................
9
commit
xiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
1. Definition of Speech Acts ...................................................
9
2. Direct and Indirect Speech Acts ..........................................
10
3. Classification of Speech Acts ..............................................
12
4. Felicity Condition ................................................................
14
C. Illocutionary Force ...................................................................
15
D. Context .....................................................................................
17
E. Interrogative Sentences.............................................................
20
F. Film ...........................................................................................
27
1. Definitions of Film ..............................................................
27
2. Genres of Film .....................................................................
28
3.
...................................................................
30
4.
.......................................
30
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..........................................
33
A. Object of the Study ..................................................................
33
B. Type of Research .....................................................................
33
C. Data and Source of Data ..........................................................
34
D. Sample and Technique of Sampling ........................................
34
E. Equipments of Research ..........................................................
34
F. Technique of Collecting Data ..................................................
34
G. Technique of Data Coding ......................................................
35
H. Trustworthiness .......................................................................
36
I. Technique of Analyzing Data ...................................................
36
CHAPTER IV. DATA ANALYSIS ...............................................................
40
A. Introduction to Analysis ..........................................................
40
B. Data Analysis ...........................................................................
40
C. Discussion.................................................................................
90
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, SUGGESTION .................
93
A. Conclusion ...............................................................................
93
B. Implication ...............................................................................
94
commit
xiiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
C. Suggestion ...............................................................................
114
BIBLIOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................
116
APPENDICES ................................................................................................
119
commit
xivto user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
LIST OF APPENDICES
1.
2.
Legalizations.
commit
xvto user