zend framework 1 10 x en

Programmer's
Reference
Guide

Zend Framework 1.10.x

Programmer's Reference Guide: Zend Framework 1.10.x
Publication date 01/27/2010 by mikaelkael (SVN 20684)
Copyright © 2005-2010 Zend Technologies Inc. (http://www.zend.com)

Table of Contents
I. Introduction to Zend Framework .................................................................................... 1
Overview ................................................................................................................. 3
Installation ............................................................................................................... 4
II. Learning Zend Framework ........................................................................................... 5
Zend Framework Quick Start .................................................................................... 8
1. Zend Framework & MVC Introduction ........................................................... 8
1.1. Zend Framework ............................................................................... 8
1.2. Model-View-Controller ....................................................................... 8
2. Create Your Project ................................................................................... 10
2.1. Install Zend Framework ................................................................... 10

2.2. Create Your Project ......................................................................... 10
2.3. The Bootstrap ................................................................................. 11
2.4. Configuration ................................................................................... 12
2.5. Action Controllers ............................................................................ 12
2.6. Views ............................................................................................. 13
2.7. Checkpoint ...................................................................................... 15
3. Create A Layout ........................................................................................ 15
4. Create a Model and Database Table ........................................................... 18
5. Create A Form ........................................................................................... 28
6. Congratulations! ......................................................................................... 31
Autoloading in Zend Framework ............................................................................. 33
1. Introduction ................................................................................................ 33
2. Goals and Design ...................................................................................... 33
2.1. Class Naming Conventions .............................................................. 33
2.2. Autoloader Conventions and Design ................................................. 33
3. Basic Autoloader Usage ............................................................................. 34
4. Resource Autoloading ................................................................................ 36
5. Conclusion ................................................................................................. 37
Plugins in Zend Framework .................................................................................... 38
1. Introduction ................................................................................................ 38

2. Using Plugins ............................................................................................ 38
3. Conclusion ................................................................................................. 40
Getting Started with Zend_Layout ........................................................................... 42
1. Introduction ................................................................................................ 42
2. Using Zend_Layout .................................................................................... 42
2.1. Layout Configuration ....................................................................... 42
2.2. Create a Layout Script ..................................................................... 43
2.3. Accessing the Layout Object ............................................................ 43
2.4. Other Operations ............................................................................. 44
3. Zend_Layout: Conclusions .......................................................................... 45
Getting Started Zend_View Placeholders ................................................................. 46
1. Introduction ................................................................................................ 46
2. Basic Placeholder Usage ............................................................................ 46
3. Standard Placeholders ............................................................................... 49
3.1. Setting the DocType ........................................................................ 49
3.2. Specifying the Page Title ................................................................. 50
3.3. Specifying Stylesheets with HeadLink ............................................... 51
3.4. Aggregating Scripts Using HeadScript .............................................. 52
4. View Placeholders: Conclusion ................................................................... 54
Understanding and Using Zend Form Decorators ..................................................... 55

1. Introduction ................................................................................................ 55

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2. Decorator Basics ....................................................................................... 55
2.1. Overview of the Decorator Pattern .................................................... 55
2.2. Creating Your First Decorator .......................................................... 57
3. Layering Decorators ................................................................................... 58
4. Rendering Individual Decorators ................................................................. 62
5. Creating and Rendering Composite Elements .............................................. 66
5.1. The Element ................................................................................... 66
5.2. The Decorator ................................................................................. 68
5.3. Conclusion ...................................................................................... 70
6. Conclusion ................................................................................................. 70
Getting Started with Zend_Session, Zend_Auth, and Zend_Acl ................................. 72
1. Building Multi-User Applications With Zend Framework ................................. 72
1.1. Zend Framework ............................................................................. 72
2. Managing User Sessions In ZF ................................................................... 72

2.1. Introduction to Sessions .................................................................. 72
2.2. Basic Usage of Zend_Session ......................................................... 73
2.3. Advanced Usage of Zend_Session ................................................... 74
3. Authenticating Users in Zend Framework .................................................... 74
3.1. Introduction to Authentication ........................................................... 74
3.2. Basic Usage of Zend_Auth .............................................................. 74
4. Building an Authorization System in Zend Framework ................................... 76
4.1. Introduction to Authorization ............................................................. 76
4.2. Basic Usage of Zend_Acl ................................................................ 77
Getting Started with Zend_Search_Lucene .............................................................. 80
1. Zend_Search_Lucene Introduction .............................................................. 80
2. Lucene Index Structure .............................................................................. 81
3. Index Opening and Creation ....................................................................... 82
4. Indexing .................................................................................................... 82
4.1. Indexing Policy ................................................................................ 82
5. Searching .................................................................................................. 83
6. Supported queries ...................................................................................... 84
7. Search result pagination ............................................................................. 86
Getting Started with Zend_Paginator ....................................................................... 88
1. Introduction ................................................................................................ 88

2. Simple Examples ....................................................................................... 88
3. Pagination Control and ScrollingStyles ........................................................ 90
4. Putting it all Together ................................................................................. 91
III. Zend Framework Reference ...................................................................................... 93
Zend_Acl ............................................................................................................. 124
1. Introduction .............................................................................................. 124
1.1. Resources ..................................................................................... 124
1.2. Roles ............................................................................................ 124
1.3. Creating the Access Control List .................................................... 125
1.4. Registering Roles .......................................................................... 126
1.5. Defining Access Controls ............................................................... 127
1.6. Querying an ACL .......................................................................... 127
2. Refining Access Controls .......................................................................... 128
2.1. Precise Access Controls ................................................................ 128
2.2. Removing Access Controls ............................................................ 130
3. Advanced Usage ...................................................................................... 130
3.1. Storing ACL Data for Persistence ................................................... 130
3.2. Writing Conditional ACL Rules with Assertions ................................ 131
Zend_Amf ............................................................................................................ 132
1. Introduction .............................................................................................. 132

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2. Zend_Amf_Server ....................................................................................
2.1. Connecting to the Server from Flex ................................................
2.2. Error Handling ...............................................................................
2.3. AMF Responses ............................................................................
2.4. Typed Objects ...............................................................................
2.5. Resources .....................................................................................
2.6. Connecting to the Server from Flash ...............................................
2.7. Authentication ...............................................................................
Zend_Application ..................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. Zend_Application Quick Start ....................................................................
2.1. Using Zend_Tool ...........................................................................
2.2. Adding Zend_Application to your application ....................................
2.3. Adding and creating resources .......................................................
2.4. Next steps with Zend_Application ...................................................

3. Theory of Operation .................................................................................
3.1. Bootstrapping ................................................................................
3.2. Resource Plugins ..........................................................................
4. Examples .................................................................................................
5. Core Functionality ....................................................................................
5.1. Zend_Application ...........................................................................
5.2. Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrapper ......................................
5.3. Zend_Application_Bootstrap_ResourceBootstrapper ........................
5.4. Zend_Application_Bootstrap_BootstrapAbstract ...............................
5.5. Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap ...........................................
5.6. Zend_Application_Resource_Resource ...........................................
5.7. Zend_Application_Resource_ResourceAbstract ...............................
6. Available Resource Plugins ......................................................................
6.1. Zend_Application_Resource_Cachemanager ...................................
6.2. Zend_Application_Resource_Db .....................................................
6.3. Zend_Application_Resource_Frontcontroller ....................................
6.4. Zend_Application_Resource_Layout ...............................................
6.5. Zend_Application_Resource_Locale ...............................................
6.6. Zend_Application_Resource_Log ....................................................
6.7. Zend_Application_Resource_Mail ...................................................

6.8. Zend_Application_Resource_Modules .............................................
6.9. Zend_Application_Resource_Multidb ...............................................
6.10. Zend_Application_Resource_Navigation ........................................
6.11. Zend_Application_Resource_Router .............................................
6.12. Zend_Application_Resource_Session ............................................
6.13. Zend_Application_Resource_View ................................................
Zend_Auth ...........................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
1.1. Adapters .......................................................................................
1.2. Results .........................................................................................
1.3. Identity Persistence .......................................................................
1.4. Usage ...........................................................................................
2. Database Table Authentication ..................................................................
2.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
2.2. Advanced Usage: Persisting a DbTable Result Object ......................
2.3. Advanced Usage By Example ........................................................
3. Digest Authentication ................................................................................
3.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
3.2. Specifics .......................................................................................

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3.3. Identity ..........................................................................................
4. HTTP Authentication Adapter ....................................................................
4.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
4.2. Design Overview ...........................................................................
4.3. Configuration Options ....................................................................
4.4. Resolvers ......................................................................................
4.5. Basic Usage .................................................................................
5. LDAP Authentication ................................................................................
5.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
5.2. Usage ...........................................................................................
5.3. The API ........................................................................................
5.4. Server Options ..............................................................................
5.5. Collecting Debugging Messages .....................................................
5.6. Common Options for Specific Servers .............................................
6. Open ID Authentication ............................................................................
6.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
6.2. Specifics .......................................................................................
Zend_Barcode .....................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. Barcode creation using Zend_Barcode class ..............................................
2.1. Using Zend_Barcode::factory .........................................................
2.2. Drawing a barcode ........................................................................
2.3. Renderering a barcode ..................................................................
3. Zend_Barcode Objects .............................................................................
3.1. Common Options ..........................................................................
3.2. Common Additional Getters ...........................................................
3.3. Description of shipped barcodes .....................................................
4. Zend_Barcode Renderers .........................................................................
4.1. Common Options ..........................................................................
4.2. Zend_Barcode_Renderer_Image ....................................................
4.3. Zend_Barcode_Renderer_Pdf ........................................................
Zend_Cache ........................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. The Theory of Caching .............................................................................
2.1. The Zend_Cache Factory Method ...................................................
2.2. Tagging Records ...........................................................................
2.3. Cleaning the Cache .......................................................................
3. Zend_Cache Frontends ............................................................................
3.1. Zend_Cache_Core .........................................................................
3.2. Zend_Cache_Frontend_Output .......................................................
3.3. Zend_Cache_Frontend_Function ....................................................
3.4. Zend_Cache_Frontend_Class ........................................................
3.5. Zend_Cache_Frontend_File ...........................................................
3.6. Zend_Cache_Frontend_Page .........................................................
4. Zend_Cache Backends .............................................................................
4.1. Zend_Cache_Backend_File ............................................................
4.2. Zend_Cache_Backend_Sqlite .........................................................
4.3. Zend_Cache_Backend_Memcached ...............................................
4.4. Zend_Cache_Backend_Apc ...........................................................
4.5. Zend_Cache_Backend_Xcache ......................................................
4.6. Zend_Cache_Backend_ZendPlatform .............................................
4.7. Zend_Cache_Backend_TwoLevels .................................................
4.8. Zend_Cache_Backend_ZendServer_Disk and
Zend_Cache_Backend_ZendServer_ShMem .........................................

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5. The Cache Manager ................................................................................
Zend_Captcha .....................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. Captcha Operation ...................................................................................
3. CAPTCHA Adapters .................................................................................
3.1. Zend_Captcha_Word .....................................................................
3.2. Zend_Captcha_Dumb ....................................................................
3.3. Zend_Captcha_Figlet .....................................................................
3.4. Zend_Captcha_Image ....................................................................
3.5. Zend_Captcha_ReCaptcha ............................................................
Zend_CodeGenerator ...........................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
1.1. Theory of Operation ......................................................................
2. Zend_CodeGenerator Examples ...............................................................
3. Zend_CodeGenerator Reference ...............................................................
3.1. Abstract Classes and Interfaces .....................................................
3.2. Concrete CodeGenerator Classes ..................................................
Zend_Config ........................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. Theory of Operation .................................................................................
3. Zend_Config_Ini .......................................................................................
4. Zend_Config_Xml .....................................................................................
Zend_Config_Writer ..............................................................................................
1. Zend_Config_Writer ..................................................................................
Zend_Console_Getopt ..........................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. Declaring Getopt Rules ............................................................................
2.1. Declaring Options with the Short Syntax .........................................
2.2. Declaring Options with the Long Syntax ..........................................
3. Fetching Options and Arguments ..............................................................
3.1. Handling Getopt Exceptions ...........................................................
3.2. Fetching Options by Name .............................................................
3.3. Reporting Options .........................................................................
3.4. Fetching Non-option Arguments .....................................................
4. Configuring Zend_Console_Getopt ............................................................
4.1. Adding Option Rules ......................................................................
4.2. Adding Help Messages ..................................................................
4.3. Adding Option Aliases ...................................................................
4.4. Adding Argument Lists ...................................................................
4.5. Adding Configuration .....................................................................
Zend_Controller ...................................................................................................
1. Zend_Controller Quick Start ......................................................................
1.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
1.2. Quick Start ....................................................................................
2. Zend_Controller Basics .............................................................................
3. The Front Controller .................................................................................
3.1. Overview .......................................................................................
3.2. Primary Methods ...........................................................................
3.3. Environmental Accessor Methods ...................................................
3.4. Front Controller Parameters ...........................................................
3.5. Extending the Front Controller ........................................................
4. The Request Object .................................................................................
4.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
4.2. HTTP Requests .............................................................................

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4.3. Subclassing the Request Object .....................................................
5. The Standard Router ................................................................................
5.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
5.2. Using a Router ..............................................................................
5.3. Basic Rewrite Router Operation .....................................................
5.4. Default Routes ..............................................................................
5.5. Base URL and Subdirectories ........................................................
5.6. Global Parameters .........................................................................
5.7. Route Types .................................................................................
5.8. Using Zend_Config with the RewriteRouter .....................................
5.9. Subclassing the Router ..................................................................
6. The Dispatcher ........................................................................................
6.1. Overview .......................................................................................
6.2. Subclassing the Dispatcher ............................................................
7. Action Controllers .....................................................................................
7.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
7.2. Object Initialization ........................................................................
7.3. Pre- and Post-Dispatch Hooks .......................................................
7.4. Accessors .....................................................................................
7.5. View Integration ............................................................................
7.6. Utility Methods ..............................................................................
7.7. Subclassing the Action Controller ...................................................
8. Action Helpers .........................................................................................
8.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
8.2. Helper Initialization ........................................................................
8.3. The Helper Broker .........................................................................
8.4. Built-in Action Helpers ...................................................................
8.5. Writing Your Own Helpers ..............................................................
9. The Response Object ...............................................................................
9.1. Usage ...........................................................................................
9.2. Manipulating Headers ....................................................................
9.3. Named Segments ..........................................................................
9.4. Testing for Exceptions in the Response Object ................................
9.5. Subclassing the Response Object ..................................................
10. Plugins ..................................................................................................
10.1. Introduction .................................................................................
10.2. Writing Plugins ............................................................................
10.3. Using Plugins ..............................................................................
10.4. Retrieving and Manipulating Plugins .............................................
10.5. Plugins Included in the Standard Distribution .................................
11. Using a Conventional Modular Directory Structure ....................................
11.1. Introduction .................................................................................
11.2. Specifying Module Controller Directories .......................................
11.3. Routing to Modules ......................................................................
11.4. Module or Global Default Controller ..............................................
12. MVC Exceptions .....................................................................................
12.1. Introduction .................................................................................
12.2. Handling Exceptions ....................................................................
12.3. MVC Exceptions You May Encounter ............................................
Zend_Currency ....................................................................................................
1. Introduction to Zend_Currency ..................................................................
1.1. Why should you use Zend_Currency? .............................................
2. Using Zend_Currency ...............................................................................
2.1. Generic usage ...............................................................................

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2.2. Currency creation based on a locale ...............................................
Options for currencies ..............................................................................
What makes a currency? ..........................................................................
Where is the currency? ............................................................................
How does the currency look like? ..............................................................
How much is my currency? ......................................................................
7.1. Working with currency values .........................................................
7.2. Using precision on currencies ........................................................
8. Calculating with currencies .......................................................................
9. Exchanging currencies .............................................................................
10. Additional informations on Zend_Currency ...............................................
10.1. Currency informations ..................................................................
10.2. Currency Performance Optimization ..............................................
Zend_Date ...........................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
1.1. Always Set a Default Timezone ......................................................
1.2. Why Use Zend_Date? ...................................................................
2. Theory of Operation .................................................................................
2.1. Internals ........................................................................................
3. Basic Methods .........................................................................................
3.1. Current Date .................................................................................
3.2. Zend_Date by Example .................................................................
4. Zend_Date API Overview .........................................................................
4.1. Zend_Date Options .......................................................................
4.2. Working with Date Values ..............................................................
4.3. Basic Zend_Date Operations Common to Many Date Parts ..............
4.4. Comparing Dates ..........................................................................
4.5. Getting Dates and Date Parts ........................................................
4.6. Working with Fractions of Seconds .................................................
4.7. Sunrise / Sunset ............................................................................
5. Creation of Dates .....................................................................................
5.1. Create the Actual Date ..................................................................
5.2. Create a Date from Database ........................................................
5.3. Create Dates from an Array ...........................................................
6. Constants for General Date Functions .......................................................
6.1. Using Constants ............................................................................
6.2. List of All Constants ......................................................................
6.3. Self-Defined OUTPUT Formats with ISO .........................................
6.4. Self-Defined OUTPUT Formats Using PHP's date() Format
Specifiers .............................................................................................
7. Working Examples ...................................................................................
7.1. Checking Dates .............................................................................
7.2. Sunrise and Sunset .......................................................................
7.3. Time Zones ...................................................................................
Zend_Db ..............................................................................................................
1. Zend_Db_Adapter ....................................................................................
1.1. Connecting to a Database Using an Adapter ...................................
1.2. Example Database ........................................................................
1.3. Reading Query Results ..................................................................
1.4. Writing Changes to the Database ...................................................
1.5. Quoting Values and Identifiers ........................................................
1.6. Controlling Database Transactions .................................................
1.7. Listing and Describing Tables ........................................................
1.8. Closing a Connection ....................................................................
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

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2.

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4.

5.

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7.

8.

9.

1.9. Running Other Database Statements ..............................................
1.10. Retrieving Server Version .............................................................
1.11. Notes on Specific Adapters ..........................................................
Zend_Db_Statement .................................................................................
2.1. Creating a Statement .....................................................................
2.2. Executing a Statement ...................................................................
2.3. Fetching Results from a SELECT Statement ...................................
Zend_Db_Profiler .....................................................................................
3.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
3.2. Using the Profiler ..........................................................................
3.3. Advanced Profiler Usage ...............................................................
3.4. Specialized Profilers ......................................................................
Zend_Db_Select .......................................................................................
4.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
4.2. Creating a Select Object ................................................................
4.3. Building Select queries ..................................................................
4.4. Executing Select Queries ...............................................................
4.5. Other methods ..............................................................................
Zend_Db_Table .......................................................................................
5.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
5.2. Using Zend_Db_Table as a concrete class ......................................
5.3. Defining a Table Class ..................................................................
5.4. Creating an Instance of a Table .....................................................
5.5. Inserting Rows to a Table ..............................................................
5.6. Updating Rows in a Table ..............................................................
5.7. Deleting Rows from a Table ...........................................................
5.8. Finding Rows by Primary Key ........................................................
5.9. Querying for a Set of Rows ............................................................
5.10. Querying for a Single Row ...........................................................
5.11. Retrieving Table Metadata Information ..........................................
5.12. Caching Table Metadata ..............................................................
5.13. Customizing and Extending a Table Class .....................................
Zend_Db_Table_Row ...............................................................................
6.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
6.2. Fetching a Row .............................................................................
6.3. Writing rows to the database ..........................................................
6.4. Serializing and unserializing rows ...................................................
6.5. Extending the Row class ...............................................................
Zend_Db_Table_Rowset ...........................................................................
7.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
7.2. Fetching a Rowset ........................................................................
7.3. Retrieving Rows from a Rowset .....................................................
7.4. Retrieving a Rowset as an Array ....................................................
7.5. Serializing and Unserializing a Rowset ............................................
7.6. Extending the Rowset class ...........................................................
Zend_Db_Table Relationships ...................................................................
8.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
8.2. Defining Relationships ...................................................................
8.3. Fetching a Dependent Rowset .......................................................
8.4. Fetching a Parent Row ..................................................................
8.5. Fetching a Rowset via a Many-to-many Relationship ........................
8.6. Cascading Write Operations ...........................................................
Zend_Db_Table_Definition ........................................................................
9.1. Introduction ...................................................................................

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9.2. Basic Usage .................................................................................
9.3. Advanced Usage ...........................................................................
Zend_Debug ........................................................................................................
1. Dumping Variables ...................................................................................
Zend_Dojo ...........................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. Zend_Dojo_Data: dojo.data Envelopes ......................................................
2.1. Zend_Dojo_Data Usage .................................................................
2.2. Adding metadata to your containers ................................................
2.3. Advanced Use Cases ....................................................................
3. Dojo View Helpers ...................................................................................
3.1. dojo() View Helper .........................................................................
3.2. Dijit-Specific View Helpers .............................................................
4. Dojo Form Elements and Decorators .........................................................
4.1. Dijit-Specific Form Decorators ........................................................
4.2. Dijit-Specific Form Elements ...........................................................
4.3. Dojo Form Examples .....................................................................
5. Zend_Dojo build layer support ..................................................................
5.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
5.2. Generating Custom Module Layers with Zend_Dojo_BuildLayer ........
5.3. Generating Build Profiles with Zend_Dojo_BuildLayer ......................
Zend_Dom ...........................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. Zend_Dom_Query ....................................................................................
2.1. Theory of Operation ......................................................................
2.2. Methods Available .........................................................................
Zend_Exception ...................................................................................................
1. Using Exceptions .....................................................................................
2. Basic usage .............................................................................................
3. Previous Exceptions .................................................................................
Zend_Feed ..........................................................................................................
1. Introduction ..............................................................................................
2. Importing Feeds .......................................................................................
2.1. Custom feeds ................................................................................
3. Retrieving Feeds from Web Pages ............................................................
4. Consuming an RSS Feed .........................................................................
5. Consuming an Atom Feed ........................................................................
6. Consuming a Single Atom Entry ...............................................................
7. Modifying Feed and Entry structures .........................................................
8. Custom Feed and Entry Classes ...............................................................
9. Zend_Feed_Reader ..................................................................................
9.1. Introduction ...................................................................................
9.2. Importing Feeds ............................................................................
9.3. Retrieving Underlying Feed and Entry Sources ................................
9.4. Cache Support and Intelligent Requests .........................................
9.5. Locating Feed URIs from Websites .................................................
9.6. Attribute Collections .......................................................................
9.7. Retrieving Feed Information ...........................................................
9.8. Retrieving Entry/Item Information ....................................................
9.9. Extending Feed and Entry APIs ......................................................
10. Zend_Feed_Writer ..................................................................................
10.1. Introduction .................................................................................
10.2. Architecture .................................................................................
10.3. Getting Started ............................................................................

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Programmer's Reference Guide

10.4. Setting Feed Data Points .............................................................
10.5. Setting Entry Data Points .............................................................
11. Zend_Feed_Pubsubhubbub ..................................................