CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Background of Study

  

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 The Background of Study

  Nowadays tourist activity is dominated with visiting the area destination that offer natural and cultural tourist attractions, such as enjoying the natural landscapes and ecosystems the existing in it and enjoy the unique of landscapes and local cultural, in addition, new phenomenon tourism which is about how a someone enjoyed the tour is marked by the emergence of alternative tourist activities and attractions that support these activities such as ecotourism activities basically related to the preservation of nature, ecotourism has a main purpose for natural conversations , recently this is being promoted to go green program and reduce the negative impact of global warming

  North Sumatra is a province which is located in Sumatra island, Indonesia, and its capital is Medan. North Sumatra is located 1°-4° north latitude and 98°- 100° east longitude. Ethnic group of North Sumatra are Batak (the majority), Javanese, Nias, Malay, Chinese, Minangkabau and Banjar. In addition, North Sumatra have 5 religion, they are Muslim, Protestant, Catholic, Buddhist, and Hindu. North Sumatra is divided 25 regency (Asahan Regency, Batubara Regency, Dairi Regency, Deli Serdang Regency, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, Karo Regency, Labuhanbatu Regency, South Labuhanbatu Regency, North Labuhanbatu Regency, Langkat Regency, Mandailing Natal Regency, Nias Regency, West Nias Regency, South Nias Regency, North Nias Regency, Padang Lawas Regency, North Padang Lawas Regency, West Pakpak Regency, Samosir Regency, Serdang Bedagai Regency, Simalungun Regency, South Tapanuli Regency, Middle Tapanuli Regency, North Tapanuli Regency, and Toba Samosir Regency), 8 cities (Binjai City, Gunungsitoli City, Medan City, Padangsidempuan City, Pematangsiantar City, Sibolga City, Tanjungbalai City, and tebing Tinggi City), 325 districts, 5,456 sub-district. Now days, North Sumatra is found 2 national park, that is Gunung Leuser National Park and Batang Gadis National Park. Therefore, North Sumatra is one of province which has many nature tourism destinations.

  Medan is the capital of North Sumatra which is a hot city, the temperature between 23-30 degrees Celsius. Medan is the third largest city in Indonesia.

  Medan has many tourism, such as Lake Toba, Mount Sibayak, Bukit Lawang, and etc.

  Lake Toba is the largest lake in Southeast Asia. The area of Lake Toba is

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  almost 1,265 KMs with the depth almost 450 meters. Lake Toba is an ancient lake that according to researches it is due to the explosion of around 73.000- 75.000 years ago on a large volcanic eruption is very powerful. Mount Sibayak is an active volcano located in Berastagi, about 2 hours from Medan. This mountain has height of 2,094 meters above surface of sea. At the top of this mountain we could see the view of the city of Medan and Berastagi.

  Bahorok is a sub-district of Langkat Regency. Its capital is Bahorok town, and Bukit Lawang is a major local tourist attraction for viewing orangutans. To the south lies Karo Regency, to the west Southeast Aceh Province, to the east Salapian sub-district, and to the north Batang Serangan sub-district. Bahorok has 22 sub-district that is, Batu Jong Jong, Lau Damak, Sampe Raya, Perkebunan Bungara, Pekan Bahorok, Empus, Perkebunan Turangi, Simpang Pulau Rambung, Sematar, Perkebunan Pulau Rambung, Suka Rakyati, Tanjung Lenggang, Sumber Jaya, Perkebunan Sei Musam, Amal Tani, Bukit Lawang, Timbang Lawan, Timbang Jaya, Sebertung, Pulau Semikat, Sei Musam Kendit, and Musam Pembangunan. Bahorok has 4 religion that is, Muslim, Protestant, Roman Catholic, Buddhism. There are 65 mosques, 45 mushollas, 13 churches in the area. The largest of ethnic group is Javanese. There are 40 juniors: 10 middle schools, and 3 high schools and 17 junior madrasahs: 6 middle school madrasahs (5 private schools), and 2 private senior madrasahs. Notable agricultural production includes wet rice fields, maize, and cassava.

  Bukit Lawang is a small tourist village at the bank of Bahorok River in North Sumatra province in Indonesia. Situated approximately 86 KM of Medan, Bukit Lawang is known for the largest animal sanctuary of Sumatran Orangutan (around 5,000 Orangutans occupy the area), and also the main access point to the Gunung Leuser National Park from the east side. Bukit Lawang rehabilitation center for Orangutans was founded in 1973. The main purpose is to preserve the decreasing number of Orangutan population due to hunting, trading and deforestation.

  Accessibility of destination is the main factor and give affects the quality of the destination. Generally accessibility to Bukit Lawang is good and has been able to be passed by motorbike, car and big buses. Bukit Lawang is a small village, but it has facilities and accommodation available. There are, you can find:

• Internet access – in three internet cafes located in the new-built village set on the hill bordering the right bank of the Bahorok River. The CDC internet café, on the right, provides free internet for local people but requests a donation from tourists. The orphane past Batu Mandi Hotel on the way to the bat cave also offers wifi internet return for donation to their cause.
• ATM – 11 km away in the village of Bahorok, a guide will take you by motorbike or you can try to take a local bus known as an “opelet”, plus potentially becak to take you to the bus station about 1.5 km from Bukit Lawang. The ATM is owend by Bank Rakyat Indonesia and is on the MasterCard/Cirrus Network.
• Money Changer – there are a number of money changers who will change a variety of Western and regional currencies to Rupiah.
• Market – on Friday from morning till around 3pm, located 2 KM in Gotong Royong. Popular with tourists, a variety of fruits, vegetables, spices, fish and clothes are sold. Another market on Sundays in Bahorok.

  Accommodation in Bukit Lawang is in three main areas :

1. Before the village:

• Rindu Alam, just before the village, has its own road entrance – so ask your becak/car to take you directly there.
• Bukit Lawang Cottages Eco-Lodge, directly across the river from Rindu Alam.
• Batu Mandi – past the Ecolodge towards the bat cave (away from the village), about 200 metres.

  In the village itself.

2. On the left bank, accommodation starts at the village entrance:

• Wisma Leuser Sibayak • Yusman Guest House • Bukit Lawang Indah Guest House • Junia Guest House & Brando Resto • Plan’s Stones Guest House • Jungle Boundry Guest House • On The Rock’s Bungalows

  

3. On the right bank, accommodation options begins walk along the river,

past numerous small cafes/restaurants and shops

• Yusri Caffe & Traditional Dance • Dandyla Restaurant/ bagus Wisata Holidays • Rock Garden • Rock Inn Bar • Rumah Makan Kelana ( Indonesian Food)
• Tony’s café
• Harmony Losmen • Inong Resto

• Rossa caffe
• Penginapan Pati’s
• Anugrah Sibaba Guest House • Ida Restaurant ( Indonesian & Western Food)
• Fido Dido Guest House • Eden Inn & Restaurant • Pinem Coffee Shop • Rain Forest Guest House • “Farina 53” Guest House, Bar & Restaurant • Mboy Guest House • Rani Café
• Green Hill & Restaurant • “YA’AHOWU “ONO NIHA” Room & Restaurant • Indra Valley Inn & Resto • Garden Inn & Restaurant • Sinar Accomodation • Jungle Tribe Guest House & Resto • Sam’s Bungalows & Resto • Jungle Inn • Back in Touch Guest House • DP Caffe • Amazone Caffe • View Resto

• Maliki Hill & Bar • Jhony’s Caffe • Thomas Retreat • Penginapan Batu Alam Bukit Lawang is the most famous for being one of the last places in the world where we can see Orangutans in the wild. Bukit Lawang is situated at the eastern side of Gunung Leuser National Park. Gunung Leuser National Park is magnificient rainforest of thus park have become famous throughout the world as the harbor some of the most endangered and rare species on earth for example Sumateran Rhinoceros, Orangutan and Rafflesia the largest flower in the world. The park is in habited by animals like the Great Argus Pheasant, Elephant, Sumateran Tiger and as many as seven species of primates of which is Siamang which has an impressive, far-reaching vocal display. The agile and pretty face Thomas leaf-monkey and long tailed macaques. In total the park lists 285 species of bird, 90 of mammals, reptiles and 35 of amphibians. The park-flora contains some 3.500 plants species and on each hectare of the lowland forest you can amazing 13-60 trees species.Therefore, Gunung Leuser National Park is famous as ecotourism.

  Bukit Lawang gives a sense of adventure, because they have many features such as rehabilitation center for Orangutan, the jungle track, the bat caves, the ship cave, rafting and river baths. This is what makes the foreign

• 2010 No Month Visitors

  11. November 368

  8. August 762

  7. July 513

  6. June 326

  5. May 204

  4. April 127

  3. March 154

  2. February 116

  1. January 182

  12. December 176 Source: INDONESIAN GUIDE ASSOTIATION

  10. October 423

  9. September 471

  8. August 795

  7. July 653

  6. June 487

  5. May 242

  4. April 183

  3. March 162

  2. February 136

  1. January 150

  visitors, such as the Netherlands, Germany and Switzerland. Here is data of foreign tourist visiting Bukit Lawang for these 3 years.

• 2011 No Month Visitors

  9. September 340

  10 October 421

  11. November 332

  12. December 191 Source: INDONESIAN GUIDE ASSOTIATION

• 2012 No Month Visitors

  1. January 174

  2. February 127

  3. March 158

  4. April 153

  5. May 221

  6. June 496

  7. July 672

  8. August 775

  9. September 493

  10. October 387

  11. November 374

  12. December 187 Source: INDONESIAN GUIDE ASSOTIATION

• 2013 No Month Visitors

  1. January 143

  2. February 104

  3. March 138

  4. April 165

  5. May 157

  6. June 242 Source: INDONESIAN GUIDE ASSOTIATION

  From this data, it is clear the interest of tourists is very high on destinations in Bukit Lawang, therefore, requires for the implementation of reform, developing, and promotion of tourism destinations. The writer hopes, with the potential of Bukit Lawang, government, communities and other parties to not saturate continuously improve and increase the existing potential, tourism potential and other potentials for the prosperity and welfare of Bukit Lawang society and society in North Sumatra.

  1.2 The Problem of Study 1.

  What is the potential of Bukit Lawang to be an ecotourism? 2. What is the strategies to develop Bukit Lawang as an ecotourism?

  1.3 Scope of study • The potential of Bukit Lawang as an ecotourism.

  1.4 The Purpose of the Writing

  In writing this paper, there are two purposes, they are : 1)

  To describe the potential of Bukit Lawang

2) To describe the strategies to develop Bukit Lawang as an ecotourism.

1.5 Significance of Study

  This paper is very important for the writer. It is one of a fulfillment the requirements to complete Diploma III English Study Program Sumatra Utara University.

1.6 Method of The Writing

  In writing this paper, the writer uses some research. They are : 1) Field research

  Field research is a kind of research that is used to find certain data by having survey to the place that we need to know.

  2) Library research Library research is a kind of research that is used to find certain data by collecting some books and journals that are relevant with the title.