Pertemuan 6 PI Database (MySQL)

Pertemuan 6 PI
Database
(MySQL)
Ichsan Taufi, MT.

Woriing with Databases


If you need to store complex
information, ieep the information
very secure, or handle many users
accessing the data at once, a
database is much better than a fat
fle for long-term storage. Also, if
you already inow and use database
software, it’s almost as simple to use
a database as a fat fle.

Understanding database
software




A database is an electronic fle cabinet
that stores information in an organized
manner so that you can fnd it when you
need it.
Technically, the term database refers to
the fle or group of fles that holds the
actual data. The data is accessed by using
a set of programs called a Database
Management System (DBMS). Almost all
DBMSs these days are Relational
Database Management Systems
(RDBMSs), in which data is organized and

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One of PHP’s strengths is its support for many
diferent DBMSs. PHP supports over 20

databases. It supports the following popular
RDBMSs, as well as others that are less well
inown:

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IBM DB2
Informix
Ingres
Microsoft SQL Server (MS SQL)
mSQL
MySQL
Oracle

PostgreSQL
Sybase



In addition, PHP ofers support for ODBC, which
stands for the Open Database Connectivity
standard, a standard database access method
developed by Microsoft. Many DBMSs
understand ODBC, particularly Windows DBMSs.
Using ODBC support in PHP, you can access
some databases that are not specifcally
supported, such as DB2 and Access. Also, you
can use ODBC to access several diferent
databases with the same code. To use ODBC to
communicate with a database, the database
needs to have an ODBC driver installed. See the
documentation for your database to fnd out how
to install ODBC support for your database.

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Choosing a RDBMS depends on your needs. You may
need to consider some of the following issues:
Cost: The cost of the RDBMS software ranges from
free to quite pricey. MySQL, mSQL, and PostgreSQL
are open source software, meaning they’re free.
Other RDBMSs, such as Sybase, MS SQL Server, and
Oracle, are commercial software with prices that
range from moderate to astronomical.
Features: The features provided by an RDBMS vary.
For example, mSQL has a small set of features, but
this may be enough for some purposes. On the other
hand, Oracle can do everything but drive your car. In
general, the more features the RDBMS has, the more
computer resources it requires and the higher its
cost. Therefore, you may not want to install software
with a huge feature set that you don’t need.

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Resources: Some RDBMSs require more resources,
such as disi space and memory, than others. For
example, mSQL is very small and lightweight,
requiring very little overhead. MySQL was also
developed to be small. On the other hand, Oracle,
depending on which products and tools you install,
can require many resources.
Support: Commercial software and open source
software provide support diferently:
 Commercial: Commercial software provides a
method for customers to get technical support
from the company that sold them the software.
 Open source: Open source software does not
provide a direct phone line to a software company.
Open source software is supported by the

community of users. E-mail lists and forums ofer
access to many people who are using the software
and who are willing to answer questions and assist
each other with problems.



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After you choose which database you’re
going to use, you need to install the
database software and fgure out how to
use it. You need to inow how to design
and create a database that you can then
access from a PHP script. In general, a
database has two parts: a structure to
hold the data and the data itself.
The structure consists of the database
itself and tables within the database that
hold the data. You need to design the

database structure before you can store
data in it. RDBMS tables are organized

Understanding database
support in PHP




PHP communicates with databases by
using functions designed specifcally to
interact with databases. PHP includes a
set of functions for each database it
supports. For example, to communicate
with MySQL 4.0 or earlier, you use
functions such as mysql_connect() and
mysql_query() and to communicate with
MySQL 4.1 or later, you use functions
such as mysqli_connect() and
mysqli_query(). To communicate with

Sybase, you use functions such as
sybase_connect() and sybase_query().
By default, PHP includes support for
ODBC. For database support other than

Introduction to MySQL
 Relational

databases
 Database design
 SQL
 Creating

databases
 Creating tables
 Selecting from, deleting, and
updating tables

Relational Databases


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A database is a collection of tables
Columns defne attributes of the data


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All data in a column must have the same data type

A record is stored in a row
table name

row

First Name
Nadia
Madhu
Ajuma
Wade

Helen

Employees
Last Name
Li
Charu
Kinsaka
Randal
Clark

Phone
2687
7856
4489
5257
2147

column

MySQL Data Types

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Numeric Data Types (INT, TINYINT,
SMALLINT, MEDIUMINT, BIGINT,
FLOAT (M,D), DOUBLE(M, D),
DECIMAL(M,D))
Date and Time Types (DATE,
DATETIME, TIMESTAMP, TIME,
YEAR(M))
String Types (CHAR(M),
VARCHAR(M), BLOB or TEXT,
TINYBLOB or TINYTEXT,
MEDIUMBLOB or MEDIUMTEXT,

Table Creation Syntax
The table creation command requires:
 Name of the table
 Names of felds
 Defnitions for each feld
 The generic table creation syntax is
CREATE TABLE table_name
(column_name column_type);

Example
mysql> CREATE TABLE
grocery_inventory (
-> id int not null primary iey
auto_increment,
-> item_name varchar (50) not null,
-> item_desc text,
-> item_price foat not null,
-> curr_qty int not null
-> );

Using the INSERT
Command
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INSERT INTO table_name (column
list) VALUES (column values);
Example:
insert into grocery_inventory (id,
item_name, item_desc, item_price,
curr_qty) values ('1', 'Apples',
'Beautiful, ripe apples.', '0.25',
1000);
insert into grocery_inventory values
('2', 'Bunches of Grapes', 'Seedless
grapes.', '2.99', 500);

Using the SELECT
Command





SELECT expressions_and_columns
FROM table_name [WHERE
some_condition_is_true] [ORDER BY
some_column [ASC | DESC]] [LIMIT
ofset, rows]
Example:
SELECT * FROM grocery_inventory;
SELECT id, item_name, curr_qty
FROM grocery_inventory;

SELECT * FROM
grocery_inventory;
+---+--------------------------------+-----------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| id | item_name
| item_desc
| item_price |
curr_qty |
+---+--------------------------------+-----------------------------+---------------+-----------+
| 1 | Apples
| Beautiful, ripe apples. | 0.25
|
1000
|
| 2 | Bunches of Grapes
| Seedless grapes.
| 2.99
|
500
|
| 3 | Bottled Water (6-paci) | 500ml spring water.
| 2.29
|
250
|
+---+-------------------------------+-----------------------------+---------------+-----------+

SELECT id, item_name,
curr_qty FROM
grocery_inventory;

+----+------------------------------+------------+
| id | item_name
|
curr_qty |
+----+------------------------------+------------+
| 1 | Apples
| 1000
|
| 2 | Bunches of Grapes
| 500
|
| 3 | Bottled Water (6-paci) | 250
|

Ordering SELECT
Results

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

mysql> select id, item_name, curr_qty from
grocery_inventory order by item_name;
select id, item_name, curr_qty from grocery_inventory
order by item_name desc;
Limiting your Result:

LIMIT startnumber,numberofrows
The frst row that you want to retrieve is
startnumber, and the number of rows that you
want to retrieve is numberofrows. If startnumber
is not specifed, 1 is assumed. To select only the
frst three members who live in Texas, use this
query:

select id, item_name, curr_qty from grocery_inventory ->
order by curr_qty limit 3;
 SELECT * FROM grocery_inventory ORDER BY curr_qty
LIMIT 0, 3;
 SELECT * FROM grocery_inventory ORDER BY curr_qty
LIMIT 3, 3;

Using WHERE in Your
Queries




SELECT expressions_and_columns
FROM table_name [WHERE
some_condition_is_true]
mysql> select * from
grocery_inventory where curr_qty =
500;
+----+--------------------------+------------------------------+-------------+------------+
| id | item_name
| item_desc
| item_price
| curr_qty |
+----+--------------------------+------------------------------+--------------+-----------+
| 2 | Bunches of Grapes | Seedless grapes.
| 2.99
| 500
|

Using Operators in WHERE
Clauses


select * from grocery_inventory where item_price between 1.50
and 3.00;
+----+-------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----------+
| id | item_name
| item_desc
|
item_price | curr_qty |
+----+-------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----------+
| 2 | Bunches of Grapes
| Seedless grapes.
| 2.99
| 500
|
| 3 | Bottled Water (6-paci)
| 500ml spring water. | 2.29
| 250
|
| 4 | Bananas
| Bunches, green.
| 1.99
| 150
|
+----+-------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----------+



Operator:
= (Equal to)
!= (Not equal to)

String Comparison Using
LIKE





mysql> select * from
grocery_inventory where item_name
liie 'A%';
%— Matches multiple characters
_— Matches exactly one character
+----+----------------+-----------------------------+--------------+-----------+
| id | item_name | item_desc
| item_price
| curr_qty |
+----+---------------+------------------------------+--------------+----------+
| 1 | Apples
| Beautiful, ripe apples. | 0.25
| 1000
|

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Selecting from Multiple
Tables
mysql> select * from fruit;
+----+-----------+
| id | fruitname |
+----+-----------+
| 1 | apple
|
| 2 | orange |
| 3 | grape
|
| 4 | banana |
+----+-----------+
mysql> select * from color;
+----+-----------+
| id | colorname |
+----+-----------+
| 1 | red
|
| 2 | orange
|
| 3 | purple
|
| 4 | yellow
|
+----+-----------+
mysql> select * from fruit, color;


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mysql> select * from fruit, color;
+----+-----------+----+-----------+
| id | fruitname | id | colorname |
+----+-----------+----+-----------+
| 1 | apple
| 1 | red |
| 2 | orange
| 1 | red |
| 3 | grape
| 1 | red |
| 4 | banana
| 1 | red |
| 1 | apple
| 2 | orange |
| 2 | orange
| 2 | orange |
| 3 | grape
| 2 | orange |
| 4 | banana
| 2 | orange |
| 1 | apple
| 3 | purple |
| 2 | orange
| 3 | purple |
| 3 | grape
| 3 | purple |
| 4 | banana
| 3 | purple |
| 1 | apple
| 4 | yellow |
| 2 | orange
| 4 | yellow |
| 3 | grape
| 4 | yellow |
| 4 | banana
| 4 | yellow |
+----+-----------+----+-----------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)


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mysql> select fruitname, colorname from fruit,
color where fruit.id = color.id;
+-----------+----------------+
| fruitname | colorname |
+-----------+---------------+
| apple
| red
|
| orange
| orange
|
| grape
| purple
|
| banana | yellow
|
+-----------+---------------+

mysql> select id, fruitname, colorname from
fruit, color where fruit.id = color.id; ERROR
1052: Column: 'id' in feld list is ambiguous
mysql> select fruit.id, fruitname, colorname
from fruit, color where fruit.id = color.id;

Using JOIN






mysql> select fruitname, colorname
from fruit inner join color on fruit.id
= color.id;
mysql> select frstname, lastname,
email from master_name left join
email on master_name.name_id =
email.name_id;
mysql> select frstname, lastname,
email from master_name right join
email on master_name.name_id =



mysql> select name_id, frstname, lastname from
master_name;
+---------+-----------+----------+
| name_id | frstname | lastname |
+---------+-----------+----------+
|1
| John
| Smith |
|2
| Jane
| Smith |
|3
| Jimbo
| Jones |
|4
| Andy
| Smith |
|7
| Chris
| Jones |
| 45
| Anna
| Bell
|
| 44
| Jimmy
| Carr |
| 43
| Albert
| Smith |
| 42
| John
| Doe |
+---------+-----------+----------+



mysql> select name_id, email from
email;
+------------+-------------------------+
| name_id | email
|
+-----------+--------------------------+
| 42
| jdoe@yahoo.com |
| 45
| annabell@aol.com |
+-----------+--------------------------+





mysql> select frstname,
lastname, email fom
master_name left join email on
master_name.name_id =
email.name_id;
+-----------+----------+------------------+
| frstname | lastname | email |
+-----------+----------+------------------+
| John
| Smith | NULL |
| Jane
| Smith | NULL |
| Jimbo | Jones | NULL |
| Andy
| Smith | NULL |
| Chris
| Jones | NULL |
| Anna | Bell | annabell@aol.com |
| Jimmy | Carr | NULL |
| Albert | Smith | NULL |
| John
| Doe | jdoe@yahoo.com |
+-----------+----------+------------------+



mysql> select frstname, lastname, email
from master_name right join email on
master_name.name_id = email.name_id;
+-------------+------------+--------------------------+
| frstname | lastname | email
|
+-------------+------------+--------------------------+
| John
| Doe
| jdoe@yahoo.com |
| Anna
| Bell
| annabell@aol.com
|
+------------+-------------+--------------------------+



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Using the UPDATE
Command to Modify
Records

UPDATE table_name SET column1='new
value', column2='new value2' [WHERE
some_condition_is_true]
Example:
mysql> update fruit set fruit_name =
'grape';
Conditional Update
mysql> update fruit set fruit_name =
'grape' where fruit_name = 'grappe';
mysql> update grocery_inventory set
curr_qty = curr_qty - 1 where id = 1;

Using the REPLACE
Command


REPLACE INTO table_name (column
list) VALUES (column values);

Using the DELETE
Command

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

DELETE FROM table_name [WHERE
some_condition_is_true] [LIMIT rows]
mysql> delete from fruit;
Conditional DELETE
mysql> delete from fruit where status =
'rotten';
DELETE FROM table_name [WHERE
some_condition_is_true] [ORDER BY
some_column [ASC | DESC]] [LIMIT rows]
mysql> delete from access_log order by
date_accessed desc limit 1;

DIAGRAM RELASI ANTAR TABEL
(DbRental)

TbKonsumen
Kode Konsumen *
Nama Konsumen
No KTP
No Telp
Alamat

TbTransaksi

1
N

Kode Transaksi *
tanggal
Kode Konsumen**
Kode Mobil **
Lama Pinjam
Uang Muka

1
N

TbMobil
Kode Mobil *
Jenis Mobil
No Polisi
Tarif Sewa

STRUKTUR TABEL
Database name: DbRENTAL
Table name : TbKonsumen
Primary Key
: KodeKonsumen
Foreign Key : No

Field Name

Field Type

Field Size

1

KodeKonsumen

TEXT

4

2

NamaKonsumen

TEXT

30

3

NoKTP

TEXT

20

4

NoTELP

TEXT

20

5

Alamat

TEXT

50

Database name: DbRENTAL
Table name : TbMobil
Primary Key
: KodeMobil
Foreign Key : No

Field Name

Field Type

1

KodeMobil

TEXT

3

2

JenisMobil

TEXT

20

3

NoPolisi

TEXT

10

4

Tarif Sewa

CURRENCY

Field Size

Database name: DbRENTAL
Table name : TbTransaksi
Primary Key
: KodeTransaksi
Foreign Key : KodeKonsumen, KodeMobil
No

Field Name

Field Type

Field Size

1

KodeTransaksi

TEXT

2

Tanggal

DATE

3

KodeKonsumen

TEXT

4

4

KodeMobil

TEXT

3

5

LamaPinjam

NUMBER

6

UangMuka

CURRENCY

8

ISI TABEL KONSUMEN
Kode Konsumen

Nama Konsumen

No KTP

No TELP

Alamat

K001

Akas AL

105019310578300
5

02270253382

Kampung Baru 19B RT.2/5
ujungberung Bandung 40611

K002

Nurwan

105019310578302
6

0227805766

Jl. Kaum Kaler 20 RT.2/5
Ujungberung Bandung 40611

K003

Susilawati

105019310578303
7

085624425252

Jl. A Yani 800 Bandung

K004

Dinda

105019310578302
8

0227812344

Jl. AH Nasution 105 Bandung

K005

Yulvianisa

105019310578301
9

0227831418

Jl. Sindang laya 327A Bandung

K006

Wilanda

105019310578301
1

081802058289

Jl. Asia Afrika 8 Bandung

ISI TABEL MOBIL

Kode Mobil

Jenis Mobil

No Polisi

Tarif Sewa

M01

MiniBus/Suzuki Carry1.0

D 5854 DU

Rp. 200,000

M02

Minibus/Espass

D 4588 FH

Rp. 250,000

M03

Sedan/Corolla Altis1.8J

D 1000 KK

Rp. 380,000

M04

Sedan/Lancer

D 9955 BK

Rp. 400,000

M05

MiniMPV/Honda Jazz

D 5523 JJ

Rp. 250,000

ISI TABEL TRANSAKSI

Kode Transaksi

Tanggal

Kode Konsumen

Kode Mobil

Lama Pinjam

Uang Muka

F-02-001

2/9/2007

K001

M02

3

Rp. 300,000

F-02-002

2/9/2007

K002

M04

7

Rp. 1,000,000

F-02-003

8/9/2007

K004

M02

1

Rp.
50,000

F-02-004

11/9/2007

K003

M05

4

Rp.

200,000

F-02-005

11/9/2007

K002

M01

2

Rp.

100,000

F-02-006

27/9/2007

K002

M02

1

Rp.
50,000

Quiz
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Buat Syntax SQL untui membuat tabel
Konsumen, Mobil dan Transaisi!
Buat Syntax SQL untui menginputian data
ie tabel ionsumen!
Buat Syntax SQL untui mengedit Nama
Susilawati menjadi Susi Susilawati
Buat Syntax SQL untui Menampilian Kode
Transaisi, Tanggal, Nama Konsumen, Jenis
Mobil, Lama Pinjam, dan Uang Muia?
Buat Syntax SQL untui Menampilian
Tanggal, Nama Konsumen, dan Jumlah Uang
Muia dari Konsumen K002!