Effect of Solid Lipid Nanoparttcle SLN and Nano Structure Lipid Carrier NLC System on Antioxidant Stability of Tomato Extract Lipid Cetyl Alcohol and Isopropyl Myristate Repository - UNAIR REPOSITORY
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ISBN: 978-602-60569-3-1
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PROCEEDING
1" ICMHS
st lnternational Conference
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on lVledicine and Health Sciences
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susta !
nal Collaboration to Achieve
le Development Goals (SDGs)
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-"Ilndonesia
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Hosted by:
Faculty of Pharmacy I Faculty of Dentistry |
Faculty of Medicine I
Faculty of Public Health I School of Nursing
University of Jember, lndonesia
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Insan$arytasi
EDITORS
Ari Satia Nugraha, SF., GDipSc., Msc-res, Ph.D., Apt.
Lusia Oktora RKS, S.F., M.Sc., Apt.
lka Puspita Dewi, S.Farm., M.Biomed., Apt.
Afifah Machclaurin, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
Antonius Nugraha Widhi. Pratama, S.Farm., MPH., Apt.
11
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
Steering Committee
Event Division
Drs. Moh. Hasan., Ph.D (Rector of
Diana Holidah, S.F., M.Farm., Apt.
DR. drg. I Dewa Ayu Susilowati, M.Kes.
dr. Hairrudin, M.Kes.
DR. Farida Wahyuningtyas, SKM., M.Kes.
Ns. Wantiya, S.Kep., M.Kep.
dr. Ancah Caesarina Novi M., Ph.D.
University of Jember)
Drs. Zulfikar, Ph.D (Vice Rector for
Academic Affairs University of Jember)
Prof Drs Bambang Kuswandi, M.Sc., PhD
drg. Rahardyan Parnaaji, M.Kes., Sp.Pros.
dr. Enny Suswati, M.Kes.
lrma Prasetyowati, SKM., M.Kes.
Ns. Lantin Su listyorini, S.Kep.,M.Kep.
Scientific Division (Editors)
Ari Satia Nugraha, SF., GDipSc., MSc-res,
Ph.D., Apt.
Lusia Oktora RKS, S.F., M.Sc., Apt.
lka Puspita Dewi, S.Farm., M.Biomed., Apt.
Afifah Machclaurin, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
Antonius Nugraha Widhi. Pratama,
S.Farm., MPH., Apt.
Dr. drg. Masniari Novita, M.Kes.
dr. Rini Riyanti, Sp.PK.
Yunus Ariyanto, S.KM., M.Kes
Ns. Achmad Rifa'i, M.S.
Organizing Committee
Chairmain
Lestyo Wulandari, S.Si., M.Farm., Apt.
Secretary
Endah Puspitasari, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
Treasurer
Yuni Retnaningtyas, S.Si., M.Si., Apt.
Nia Kristiningrum, M.Farm., Apt.
Secretariat, Publication, and
SponsorshipDivision
Logistic Division
Eka Deddy lrawan, S.Si., M.Sc., Apt.
Dwi Nurahmanto, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
dr. Cicih Komariah Sp.M.
Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum, S.KM., M.Kes.
drg. Ayu Mas Hartini, Sp.PM.
Ns. Emi Wuri W., M.Kep., Sp.KepJ.
111
CONTENT
PREFACE
..,.........t
EDrTORS........
.
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
iii
coNTENT..........
iv
PHARMACY.............
................... 1
COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS' COUNSELLING SKILLS
M
EDTCATTONS
ON
OVER.THE-COUNTER (OTC)
....................2
FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF CAFFEINE NANOEMULSION USING FACTORIAL
DESTGN STUDY..
.................. 6
EFFECI
OF
7% : 2%
COMBINATION SODIUM ALGINATE-GELATN
CONTENT tN
CHARACIERISTIC AND ANTI M ICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PROBIOTIC MICROSPHERES Lactobacillus
acidophilus.......
................ 10
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVIW OF POWDER AND ETHANOLTC EXTRACT OF ANTLTON (Myrmeleon
sp.) ON WISTAR STRAIN WHITE MALE RATS WITH GLUCOSE PRELoAD
74
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM POTENTIAL OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM BINTARO
FLOWER (Cerbera odollam) AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538.............................. 17
STRUCTURE MODtFtCAT|ON
AND
MOLECULAR MODELTNG
OF
1_(BENZOYLOXY)UREA
DERIVATIVES AS ANTICANCER DRUG CANDIDATES..
................ 20
CHARACTERIZATION AND THE RELEASE TEST OF ANTI-AGING TRETINOIN IN NANOEMULSION
USING OLIVE OIL.......
EFFECT OF PARTICLE SIZE
AND SURFACE CHARGE ON THE UPTAKE AND IMMUNE RESPONSE
OF OVALBUMIN.ALGINATE MICROSPHERES
ANTIHYPE RCHOLESTE ROLEM
lC
EFFECT
OF
Arcangelisia
flava STEM
HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS........
EXTRACT tN
.......'..'.... 31
GREEN TEA EXTRACT EFFECT ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL AND LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY IN
D|ABETTC MtCE ...........
............ 35
TH REE-WAVELENGTH SPECTROPHOTOM ETRIC M ETHOD VALI DATION FOR DETERM INATION
OF PREDNISONE TABLET CONTAINING COLORING DYES ....
39
TNFLUENCE OF OLETC ACtD ON THE tN VTTRO PENETRATTON OF DTCLOFENAC SODTUM GEL
[3
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACTS FROM THE STEM BARK OF MANGROVE
PLANT Rhizophora mucronata............
47
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACItVtTy of MANGROVE pLANT Soneratia sp. ........... 51
EFFECT OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE (SLN) AND NANO STRUCTURE LIPID CARRIER (NLC)
SYSTEM ON ANTIOXIDANT STABILITY OF TOMATO EXTRACT (LtptD: CETyL ALCOHOL AND
lsoPRoPYL MYRTSTATE)......
....................... 55
EFFECTIVENESS
OF BINTARO (Cerberra odollam Gaertn.) LEAF ETHANOLTC EXTRACT
AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus I N-VITRO BtOFILM FORMATION
lY
59
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" " I1vu1x1 ullvM]vlld ul^ oll l.l'llsou oNV rlvul-xl
29 " " """""" "
'toNVHrr rv3-t llllol vlt8vuv ro NollvNl€t^of All^llf,v lNVClxoll-NV lo ACnrs
t45
CORRELATION OF CD4 WITH TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS IN HIV PATIENTS
...
DENTISTRY...........
... 148
Determinants of HIV/AIDS Awareness and Knowledge in Tanah Papua, lndonesia
""""""
149
THE ABILITY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY JATROPHA CURCAS LEAF EXTRACT AT COX'2
1-54
EXPRESSION ON MONOCYTES WERE EXPOSED LPS
........................ 158
NOVEL METHOD THYROID HORMONE MEASUREMENT ...."....
ROBUSTA COFFEE BEANS INCREASE LEVELS OF TNF-
o
AS
A
RESPONSE
mutans
TO Streptococcus
762
THE LEVE6 OF TNF-A lN GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID (GCF) OF OSING TRIBE WOMEN WITH
................ 165
OCCLUSAL DISHARMONY...,...,......
Robusta Coffee Bean Extract (Coffea robusta) on the Viability
Exposed by Porphyromonas gingivalis.........'
Effects
of
of Neutrophils
...... 169
ROBUSTA COFFEE BEANS DECREASE OF INFLAMMATION IN DENTAL CARIES""......".......'' 173
................ L77
The Progressive Low Chronic lnflammation on OralTissues ln Elderly
DENTAL CARIES
IN
PREGNANT WOMEN WHO VISITED POSYANDU OF SEVERAL PUBLIC
782
HEALTH CENTERS IN JEMBER
Role of Che moattractant Chemokine (SDF-1/CXCR4) ln Bone Marrow
Niche "
" " " " " ' 185
Establishment of a Rat Model of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis using lntraarticular
..... 190
lnjection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant.......
.....794
PUBLIC HEALTH
RECIPROCAL DETERMINISM "DAKOCAN" CHALLENGE EFFORTS
CASES IN JEMBER DISTRICT.......
TO REDUCE HIV AND AIDS
. 195
IRON TABLETS DISTRIBUTION OF PREGNANT WOMAN IN THE DISTRICT AND CITY OF EAST
200
JAVA PROVINCE.....
RISK MANAGEMENT OF DUE TO EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDE POISONING FOR TOBACCO
............204
FARMERS IN THE JEMBER DISTRICT..
AN
OVERVIEW
OF MOTHER KNOWLEDGE AFTER GIVING BIRTH ABOUT
........ 208
BREASTFEEDING ......
D|SASTER PREPAREDNESS
EXCLUSIVE
AT PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER (PHC) BY SCORING ANALYSIS OF
GENERAL ASPECTS, HEALTH CARE, SURVEILLANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION AND
...........272
LOGISTICS
INDEPENDENT FAMILY PLANNING IN RURALAND URBAN AREAS GRESIK DISTRICT .....,."...71.5
UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING ON ELIGIBLE COUPLE IN INDONESIA: 2OO7 IDHS DATA
........219
ANALYSIS
shells That Have been Polluted by lead around Youtefa Bay in Jayapura City That Have
........................ 223
Potential Risk Of Non Carcinogenik.'...'. ........
IMPLEMENTATION DIARRHEAL SURVEILANCE REPORT INFORMATION SYSTEM
227
WITH WATERFALL METHOD IN HEALTH DEVELOPMENT OF JEMBER......"...
DESIGN
AND
\t
LOCAL WISDOM OF JEMBER COMMUNITY
IN REDUCING CYANOGENIC
LEVELS
URINE THIOCYANATE LEVELS
TO LOWER
229
UNDERWEIGHT AND MORBIDITY STATUS AMONG UNDER FIVE YEARS CHILDREN IN
) ?4.
suRABAYA..............
CONDOM USE AMONG EXIT CLIENTS OF FEMALE SEXUAL WORKERS FOR PREVENTION
237
HIV/AIDS IN MAKASSAR
THE SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PREVALENCE EMESIS GRAVIDARIUM ON PREGNANT MOTHER IN
TRIMESTER I AT PUSKESMAS KEMBARAN I BANYUMAS REGENCY...............,..,..,..,..,............247
245
NURSING..
We need a bigger bomb: a community attempt on fighting dengue fever in a suburban
Su ra
,.,.....,.......'.,'.,..,246
baya, lndonesia
APPLICATION OF STANDART NURSING LANGUAGE (NANDA, NOC. NIC) USING SOCIAL MEDIA:
INSTAGRAM@
TO
INCREASE INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOUR
AND MOTIVATION
OF
.......250
NURSING STUDENT.....
THE EFFECT OF ONION (Allium ascalonicum L.) COMPRES TOWARD BODY TEMPERATURE OF
CHILDREN WITH HIPERTERMIA IN BOUGENVILLE ROOM DR. HARYOTO LUMAJANG HOSPITAL
.......253
ACHIEVEMENT OF BLOOD PRESSURE TARGET WITH MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND SODIUM
CONSUM PTION IN SAIFUL ANWAR GENERAL HOSPITAL OUTPATIENT CLIN IC... ....,.,,..,........251
EFFECT
OF INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEO OF SPLINTING PROCEDURE TO NURSING
spLtNTtNG SKTLL (PREHOSPTTAL
SETTING)....
STUDENTS
......................261
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN NURSE PERFORMANCE & THE LEVEL OF JAMKESMAS PATIENT
........266
SATISFACTION IN DAHLIA II WARD, NGUDI WALUYO WLINGI HOSPITAL
How To Maintain High Quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ln Adults: Literature Review
270
SMOKING BEHAVIOUR AMONG MIDDLE AND LATE ADOLESCENTS IN A SUB DISTRICI OF
275
MALANG DISTRICT, EAST JAVA, IN DONESI4............
THE DIFFERENCES DECLINE BREAST ENGORGEMENT CONDUCTED CONVENTIONAL METHODS
(BREAST MASSAGE) WITH HERB YEAST-KATU..
v11
282
en
EFFECT OF SOLrD LrPrD NANOPARTTCLE (SLN)AND NANO
na
STRUCTURE LrPrD CARRTER (NLC) SYSTEM ON ANTTOXTDANT
e).
nd
STABILITY OF TOMATO EXTRACT (LlPlD: CETYL ALCOHOL AND
ive
rsoPRoPYL MYRTSTATE)
ng
,m
Sayyidati Aqilah, Esti Hendradi, Noorma Rosita+
Pharmaceutics Department Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga University
Surabaya, East Java-lndonesia
+corresponding author: Email: [email protected] or [email protected] nair.ac. id
il,
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ITROOUCTION
Tsnato extract was known contains many
-rtioxidants (Chauhan et o/., 2010), such as
Ultro Turox IKA T-25, Hot-plote stlrer , pH meter
SCHOTT CG-842, cone and plate viscometer
Brookefield, Spectrophotomete r Shimadzu UV-1800,
hopene, that are easily degraded by UV-B rays. The
rEchanism lycopene as an antiaging is to reduce
*in regeneration and increase the thickness of the
rlidermis (Sahasrabuddhe, 2011). As an
X-roy Diffroctometry (XRD), , DelsarM
-rtioxidant, lycopene easily degraded when exposed
D light, heat, and oxygen (Chauhan et al., 20LL).
Determination of Tomato Extracts
fug delivery system based on nanolipid carrier
tstem, such as: Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) was
?propriate to stabilize lycopene, as lipophilic
gtstance (Wissing and Muller,2003; Helgason et
C-, 2009; and Okonogi dan Riangjanapatee, 2014).
(he of the limitations of SLN is the drug molecule
t tat has been trapped expulsed easily during
stordge. lt is caused of the orderdness of lattice lipid
systal. Replacement part of solid lipid using liquid
Brd (called as nanostructure lipid carriers or NLC)
aan reduce the orderdness of lattice lipid crystall and
a will repaired it (Kaur et al, 2015).
h this research have been tried to be compared the
$ility of SLN and NLC to
improve the stability of
extract.
Using 20% total amount
-rtioxidanttomato
oa lipid, extract tomato-SlN made from cetyl alcohol
as solid lipid and extract tomato-NLC made from
frfference ratio between cetyl alcohol and isopropyl
rnyristate (lPM) such as:9:1 and 7:3. Tween 80 and
follipor were used as surfactant and co-surfactant,
PM was choose because of its enhancer and
€rnollient effect so easily
to
apply
to the
skin
(Vadgama et al, 2015).
IATERIALS AND METI{ODS
kerial:
Tomato extract, contain
of
20% lykopene (CN Lab
Iutrition, Asian Group),, DPPH (Sigma Aldrich), cetyl
Akohol (PT.Bratachem), lsopropyl Myristate (sigma
Aldrich), Kolliphor@ (Sigma Aldrich), Tween 80 (Sigma
Aldrich), Metanol (Sigma Aldrich), Aquadest,
Hument:
Nano
Submicron Porticle Size.
METHOD:
lCso
Value by 1,1and
Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)
Spectrophotometry Methode (Muller, 2011).
lCso is
the concentration of sample that can inhibite 50%
free radical activity, further more call as antioxidant
power. Various concentration of workong standard
tomato extract solution were reacted with 0.004%
DPPH solution The free radical inhibition
concentarion determined from the absorbance
spectrophotometer, absorbance measurements
were taken at three wavelengths, namely 505 nm,
515 nm, 525 nm. Next percent inhibition be
calculated by:
o/o
peredaman =
tcontrot
-
Asampet
x 1000/o
lCso was obtainded from correlation regression
curves between percent free radical inhibition and
concentration of extract solution, that indicate
50% inhibition of free radical activity.
Preparation of SLN and NLC tomato extract. SLN tomato
extract was made ol 0,25% tomato extraxt that
contain of 2oyo lycopene (CN Lab Nutrition, Asian
Group), 20 % cetyl alcohol as solid lipid, 5 % tween
80, and 5% kollipor and aquadest ad 700 % as
aquedus phase.
NLC
tomato extract had same
compotition with SLN, but there were cetyl alcohol
replacement with lPM, with two different ratio, such
as: 9:L and 7:3, sLN and NLC tomato extract were
made by High Shear Homogenization (HPH) method
with a speed of 24,000 rpm conducted for 8 minutes
at 4 cycle with Ultra Turax T-25.
55
Characterisation oI sample. Furthermore, sample were
Table 1. Character of tomato extract-SLN
characterized such as: pH, viscosity, particle size and
its distrbution were measured by pH meter, cone
and plate viscosimeter and DelsananorM particle size
and tomato extract-NLC
analyzer respectively. Characterization
be
Mean
(%Kv)
held
Measurement antioxidant stability. Each sample were
exposed with 32.400 Joule/hour UV-B radiation for
Without
2,5,9, 75, and 21 hours. After reacting with DPPH
solution, the aborbance was observed by
exposure
spectrophotometer and were calculated the percent
inhibition of free radical activity using equation 1.
Furthermore the stability of antioxidant were
interpreted based on constanta of percent
scavenging activity decreasing in antioxidant power
(k value) on the appropriate reaction order.
lC50 ol tomato extrad, The regression equation
obtained was y = 637 ,23x + 7.7944 wilh a correlation
was r = 0.9973. lCso values can be
obtained from the regression equation by entering a
value of y = 50% to obtain the value of x, namely the
concentration of tomato extract, which can inhibite
5O/o lree radical activity of DPPH. lcso value of
tomato extract obtained is equalto 0.0652%.
s
80
7:3
SLN
After
exposure
lot
NLC
9:1
2.7
hours
NLC
7:3
NLC had
0,41
r
1733,33
o,o2
I
(3,49)
(3,06)
(3,34)
74\9,72
!
203,54
r
5,82
0.07
|t,27)
NLC
1sD
(%KV)
5,87 !.
o,74
t
0,29
5,64
0,01
{18,35)
1916,33
! 152,67
12,77].
r
l\4,14)
o,20
17,s7)
1231,00
187.8
t
31.15
0,10
t
12,46)
(1,66)
(4,78)
5,681
4t7,27
126,s2)
6845,33
o,24
(4,93)
71,24
r
5,64
0,09
(1,60)
5,83
!
(s.e8)
r
r
t
0,10
(29,s9)
12,73)
229,72
73,75
0,33
!
i
0,30
0,01
12,7
6l
t
o72
8,78
0,24
0,01
(2,06)
(3,72],
{s,31)
331,39
1003,23
(14,65)
t232,56
!
300,,24
124,36)
906,12
777,74
(18,89)
r
viscosity lower than SLN. Viscosity NLC with
ratio cetyl alcohol : IPM 7:3 lower than 9:1. lt was
consequence of solid lipid replacement by liquid
Iipid.. This phenomena were the same with the
UV-B exposured for 21 hours decreased the viscosity
c)n
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
Concentration of Tomato extract
FiBure
9:1
(cPs)
but increased particle size. Based on Stokes law,
viscosity invers relate with floculation rate of
droplet emulsion. Therefore the particle size of NLc
with ratio cetyl alcohol : IPM 7:3 increased
2Ln
o
(%r(V)
Viskositas
particle size.
-ou
Eo
L
SD
8,38
UV-B
RESUI.T AND OISCUSSION
PI!
o,20
UV-B
NLC
!
274.77
SLN
Mean
mean
diameter
(nm)1
sD (%KV)
before and after UV-B exposure.
coefficient
Mean
pHtSD
Sample
(o/o)
1. Calculation curve of percent inhibition of free
radicalactivity
Further more, preparation SlN-tomato extract and
Nlc-tomato extract using extract
tomato
significant compare with others after UV-B radiation
exposure, but indicated more homogen in size.
Diffraction Pattern Determination of Lipid Cetyl alcohol
and in the system sLN, NtC (9:1) and Nl.C (7:3) . From
diffractogram (fig.2 and table 2) were known that
declining intensity of the crystal lattice cetyl alcohol
after made to be SLN. lt was effect of adding
surfactant in the lipid. Furthermore the intencity
more decline once created NLC.
concentration at least twice to its lcso.
Character of SLN-tomato extrad and Nlc-tomato
:J+,+
extract.
All character of sample presented in tablel. All
sample had pH in between skin pH range . lt was
t
;
.ll
mean all sample did not have potential iritation for
skin. There were no significan change of pH relatively
after 21 hour UV-B exposure.
-^--.-J-.^,
Figure 2. Difractogram cetyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol
in SLN, NLC (9:1) and NLC (7:3)
56
addition liquid lipid (lPM) reduce the orderdness
htice lipid crystal. According to Jenning
|an
lsitas
1sD
(V)
1,33
(2000)
orderdness of lattice crystal corresponds to the
of lipid to entrap the drug. The drug was
difficult to be inserted in the particle lipid that
ordered lattice crystal and was easier to
nanolipid such as SLN and NLC,
encapsulated in the system.
Table 3. Mean constanta of change rate of percent
free radical activity inhibition of sample over time
(based in orde 1 reaction)
from the carrier
t
9,72
,36)
6,33
2,67
e7)
1,00
1,39
,92].
5,33
t
2. The main diffraction peak intensity of
,36)
72!
1,74
,89)
ith
/as
rid
he
mple
inhibition between time
Tomato Extract (TE)
Sample
1
,06.
27,76"
Mean constanta (k) of
change rate of percent
(/hour) 1 sD+ (%KV)
Angle 2e
TE - SLN
24,70"
3459,99 7668,77
3475,49 1068,65
3257,35 833,49
2449,97 131,46
3,23
,66)
2,56
0,,24
sa
the
diffraction pattern of the sample
l=:, Aicohol(CA) 7s23,72
:i in SLN
277,33
:: ^ NLC (9:1) 237,02
-: - NLC {7:3) 790,32
the materials were
Stability Test. From the result of the
order determination of changes percent
radical activuty inhibition on each exposure
of each sample was known that the reaction
to first order. Furthermore, the constanta
p€rcent scavenging activity decreasing in
nt power (k value) every sample was
by making the regretion curve plot time
log percent inhibition (fig.3). Using the
for the first order can be calculated the
of t, as presented in the table 3
TE
-
NLC 9:1
TE - NLC 7:3
4,58
3,82
2,59
2,83
x 1o''z 1 0,0045
x 10' i 0,0019
x 7]-'1 ! 0,007L
x 10-, 10,0006
(9,87)
(4,93)
(4,L9)
(2,05)
The antioxidant power tomato extract in the NLC
was more stable than in the SLN form. lt was seen
from the smaller of k value. lt was the impact of
reducing of lattice lipid crystal orderdness (fig. 2).
Therefore
the active ingredient was not
easily
expulsed out. ln this case, the more IPM addition in
the system by changing the ratio of cetyl alcohol:
IPM from 9: 1 to 7: 3 was not very meaningfull in
stability effect. Decreasing orderdness of lipid
crystal lattice was not necessarily improve the drug
entrapment. There were need optimal conditions
that produce optimal trapping anyway.
CONCLUSION
The conclussion of this research were:
itv
1.
1.5
of
ed
O
1
LC
Ekstrak
Tomat
2.
0.5
on
0
I
02040
to liquid lipid (isopropyl myristate/lPM) to
SLN Ekstrak
be
NLC system in ratio 9:1 and 7:3 could
increased antioxidan stability of tomato
Tomat
Time (hours)
hol
3.
)m
rat
101
Change rate of log percent free radical
activity inhibition of sample over time
Eure 3.
ing
;ity
extract.
lncreasing isopropyl myristate ratio in NLC
system from 9:1 to be 7:3 did not increase
antioxidan stability of tomato extract
meaningfuly
orde reaction means that the change was
ng exponentially with time (Martin et
al.,
ln this case that means decreasing antioxidant
REFERENCES
1.
depends only on the concentation of
nt in tomato extract that has antioxidant
Diflucortolone valerate loaded
. The greater the value of k indicates that the
was unstable. lt was known that constanta of
inhibition free radical activity decreasing of
extract was 4,58 x 102 t O,OO45/ hour
than SLN and NLC. This was due to the
lic antioxidants ingredients in tomato extract,
to the conditions that could degrade the
Meanwhile, when they were made in
Abdel-Salam, Fatma S., Seham A. Elkheshen, Azza
Mahmoud, Hussein O. Ammar. 2015.
A.
solid
lipid
nanoparticles as a semisolid topical delivery
system. Bulletin ol Foculty of Phormocy, Coiro
of change of percent inhibition faster, or the
o
of tomato extract
increased in nanolipid system carrier with
total amount of lipid cetyl alcohol 20%
Replacing part of solid lipid {cetyl alcohol)
Antioxidant stability
2.
University
Chauhan, Komal, Sheel Sharma, Nidhi Agarwal,
Bhushan Chauhan. 201.1. Lycopene of tomato
fame : its role in health and disease. lnternotionql
Journol of Phqrmaceuticql Sciences Review ond
Reseorch vol 'J.0
3. Jenning V., Gohl S., Comparison of wax and
Glyceride Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN/.
57
.t
lnternotionol Journol
4.
5.
of
8.
chemistry 129 (2011) 139-148
Sahasrabuddhe,Sangeeta H.201L. Lycopene- An
Antioxidant. Pha rmo Ti mes V ol. 43-No.72
9.
Okonogi, Siriporn, Pornthida Riangjanapatee.
Phormoceutics, 2000,
L96t 219-222.
Helgason, T., T.S. Awad, K. Kristbergsson, D.J.
Mcclements, l. Weiss.2009. Effect of surfactant
surface coverage on formation of solid lipid
nanoparticles (sLN). Journol of Colloid and
lnterfoce Science vol 334 pp 75-81
Kaur, Sarabjot, Ujjwal Nautyal, Ramandeep Singh,
Satvinder SinBh, Anita Devi. 2015. Nanostructure
Lipid Carrier (NLC): the new generation of lipid
nanoparticles. Asion Pocilic Journol of Heolth
Sciences vol2 pp 76-93
6. Martin, Alfred, James Swarbrick,
formulations
Comparative antioxidant activities of carotenoids
measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power
(FRAP), ABTs bleaching assay (aTEAC), DPPH
assay and peroxyl radical scavenging assay, Food
topical
Phormoceutics
L0.
Wissing, Sylvia
A., Rainer H. MUller.
2003.
cosmetic applications for solid lipid nanoparticles
lsLNl. lnternotionol Journal oJ Phormoceutics Vol.
254 pp 65-68
11.
2011,
for
administration.,nterrrtional Journol of
Arthur
Cammarata. 2008. Formasi Fisik Ul-Press.
7. Muller 1., Frochlih K., Bohm V;
2O!4. Physicochemicol chorocterizotion of
lycopene-looded nanostructured lipid carrier
Vadgama, Rajeshkumar N., Annamma A.
Odaneth, Arvind M. 1a|i.2015. Green synthesis
of isopropyl myristatee in novel single phase
medium Part l: Batch optimization studies.
Biotechnology Reports vol 8 pp 133-137
58
1
ISBN: 978-602-60569-3-1
l
{
PROCEEDING
1" ICMHS
st lnternational Conference
1
on lVledicine and Health Sciences
a
I
lnter pro
I
susta !
nal Collaboration to Achieve
le Development Goals (SDGs)
I
I
t
,,
M^';ft'"",:ki:l:
-"Ilndonesia
I
I
i
I
Hosted by:
Faculty of Pharmacy I Faculty of Dentistry |
Faculty of Medicine I
Faculty of Public Health I School of Nursing
University of Jember, lndonesia
'"Wh#
gvlcnSangun
$rlenxju
$ercrasi
Insan$arytasi
EDITORS
Ari Satia Nugraha, SF., GDipSc., Msc-res, Ph.D., Apt.
Lusia Oktora RKS, S.F., M.Sc., Apt.
lka Puspita Dewi, S.Farm., M.Biomed., Apt.
Afifah Machclaurin, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
Antonius Nugraha Widhi. Pratama, S.Farm., MPH., Apt.
11
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
Steering Committee
Event Division
Drs. Moh. Hasan., Ph.D (Rector of
Diana Holidah, S.F., M.Farm., Apt.
DR. drg. I Dewa Ayu Susilowati, M.Kes.
dr. Hairrudin, M.Kes.
DR. Farida Wahyuningtyas, SKM., M.Kes.
Ns. Wantiya, S.Kep., M.Kep.
dr. Ancah Caesarina Novi M., Ph.D.
University of Jember)
Drs. Zulfikar, Ph.D (Vice Rector for
Academic Affairs University of Jember)
Prof Drs Bambang Kuswandi, M.Sc., PhD
drg. Rahardyan Parnaaji, M.Kes., Sp.Pros.
dr. Enny Suswati, M.Kes.
lrma Prasetyowati, SKM., M.Kes.
Ns. Lantin Su listyorini, S.Kep.,M.Kep.
Scientific Division (Editors)
Ari Satia Nugraha, SF., GDipSc., MSc-res,
Ph.D., Apt.
Lusia Oktora RKS, S.F., M.Sc., Apt.
lka Puspita Dewi, S.Farm., M.Biomed., Apt.
Afifah Machclaurin, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
Antonius Nugraha Widhi. Pratama,
S.Farm., MPH., Apt.
Dr. drg. Masniari Novita, M.Kes.
dr. Rini Riyanti, Sp.PK.
Yunus Ariyanto, S.KM., M.Kes
Ns. Achmad Rifa'i, M.S.
Organizing Committee
Chairmain
Lestyo Wulandari, S.Si., M.Farm., Apt.
Secretary
Endah Puspitasari, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
Treasurer
Yuni Retnaningtyas, S.Si., M.Si., Apt.
Nia Kristiningrum, M.Farm., Apt.
Secretariat, Publication, and
SponsorshipDivision
Logistic Division
Eka Deddy lrawan, S.Si., M.Sc., Apt.
Dwi Nurahmanto, S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt.
dr. Cicih Komariah Sp.M.
Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum, S.KM., M.Kes.
drg. Ayu Mas Hartini, Sp.PM.
Ns. Emi Wuri W., M.Kep., Sp.KepJ.
111
CONTENT
PREFACE
..,.........t
EDrTORS........
.
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
iii
coNTENT..........
iv
PHARMACY.............
................... 1
COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS' COUNSELLING SKILLS
M
EDTCATTONS
ON
OVER.THE-COUNTER (OTC)
....................2
FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF CAFFEINE NANOEMULSION USING FACTORIAL
DESTGN STUDY..
.................. 6
EFFECI
OF
7% : 2%
COMBINATION SODIUM ALGINATE-GELATN
CONTENT tN
CHARACIERISTIC AND ANTI M ICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PROBIOTIC MICROSPHERES Lactobacillus
acidophilus.......
................ 10
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVIW OF POWDER AND ETHANOLTC EXTRACT OF ANTLTON (Myrmeleon
sp.) ON WISTAR STRAIN WHITE MALE RATS WITH GLUCOSE PRELoAD
74
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM POTENTIAL OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM BINTARO
FLOWER (Cerbera odollam) AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538.............................. 17
STRUCTURE MODtFtCAT|ON
AND
MOLECULAR MODELTNG
OF
1_(BENZOYLOXY)UREA
DERIVATIVES AS ANTICANCER DRUG CANDIDATES..
................ 20
CHARACTERIZATION AND THE RELEASE TEST OF ANTI-AGING TRETINOIN IN NANOEMULSION
USING OLIVE OIL.......
EFFECT OF PARTICLE SIZE
AND SURFACE CHARGE ON THE UPTAKE AND IMMUNE RESPONSE
OF OVALBUMIN.ALGINATE MICROSPHERES
ANTIHYPE RCHOLESTE ROLEM
lC
EFFECT
OF
Arcangelisia
flava STEM
HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS........
EXTRACT tN
.......'..'.... 31
GREEN TEA EXTRACT EFFECT ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL AND LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY IN
D|ABETTC MtCE ...........
............ 35
TH REE-WAVELENGTH SPECTROPHOTOM ETRIC M ETHOD VALI DATION FOR DETERM INATION
OF PREDNISONE TABLET CONTAINING COLORING DYES ....
39
TNFLUENCE OF OLETC ACtD ON THE tN VTTRO PENETRATTON OF DTCLOFENAC SODTUM GEL
[3
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACTS FROM THE STEM BARK OF MANGROVE
PLANT Rhizophora mucronata............
47
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACItVtTy of MANGROVE pLANT Soneratia sp. ........... 51
EFFECT OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE (SLN) AND NANO STRUCTURE LIPID CARRIER (NLC)
SYSTEM ON ANTIOXIDANT STABILITY OF TOMATO EXTRACT (LtptD: CETyL ALCOHOL AND
lsoPRoPYL MYRTSTATE)......
....................... 55
EFFECTIVENESS
OF BINTARO (Cerberra odollam Gaertn.) LEAF ETHANOLTC EXTRACT
AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus I N-VITRO BtOFILM FORMATION
lY
59
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tl^l'l
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6-dhrrA NorlrsrHNr He nouHl ulf NVI l-svlu8 Jo slsvrsvllt l sll€lHNl
NDI8nUOXOO ONV elldas snlrl 'ezrqJoqtuex eurnrrnl lO NOtjVNtgtAOl flISlgUlNAS
ttr """ "'
'Al-lv^o]
l-tr]vno rfl^Urs luvfHl'lvlH lo srf,rdsv rH1 lo slsAlvNv NV
" " " Af,Nl9rU Urs^rr]Vl-rdSOH IONV€IOS Nl A8V8 NUO8 A IN iO
0tr
vtxlHdsv lHt_ or vtsd^\flf,rrud rur^ls'rvNurrvt^ clr\n3u lvHr suol-fvl lo sls^lvNv
""" " "'sfNltlvd ltul_vtcld
9Zr
NI Vr rHj_SV lO Al-tUlAlS lHl 0NV NOrrVZrlrSNrS Nl9UlllVOUlV NlsMrls NOll-Vl3oSSV
IN:iltvd OI Norl\flru
Nr
'ullNlf,
TZT
Hr'lv:tH
lINnNNol Nol9lu ulSt llf
Nt suolrvi )stu lt8vHtcot^ H9nouHl Hf,vouddv rNltAl9vNVtA NolsNlluld^H
(dtem (r) elelnrrn8un eu8rl) yy99111'11 SNVIV)
9II
't
CNV ( laa/v\S snleunl snloaseqd) )OIVU) OUO) iO ll-l'lvnD CNV A-tlSNlO NllIOUd
cvotrud rsolnrS Hr_rM srvu srvt^ uvlstM lo ll^r] rsofnr9 00018
ZIT
lsvlulSc 01 ulcMod sclls I elerlrnur euouuv lo If,vuIxl lt'loNvHll lo lf,llll
80I"" " """" " NlglINV VS83V srsolnrraqnl unuapeqocA6l Jo N6ltll6lud ld6ltdl1"gl-E
" " " "stlvu1xl
,OT
('l srsuaurs etglau4) VII S1O1UVA JO llt1tlfv AUOt_tgtHNt lsv6ts6lntg-lc OUI-1A Nt
"tZ6SZlf,lV
r00T""" " """ "
snaJne snrrorol!qdels SCUVMO1
(lCAHlClVUVlntD Ul)Nt'l-SSOUI HItM l.l-ItVdVAXOUCAH
V Nl NIIVXO]jOUdll rO AVSSV 'lvl80u3ltA '
"sSAVlt rrriol vf rsvuv cNV vISnSou lo lrvuur ll'loNvHl-lt l
96
Nt Al-tAU_3V INVOtXOt-LNV CNV t-NtrNOf ll'lONlHd '1V101 lo NollvNllAUlflo
rNrAoS- NVSOTHf) rN\fldrAr rNOs
z6 'N9rsrO rVrUOlJVl A8 l-ll€Vl TOIUOIHf,OUCAH WrZVll-]lC JO tAl]-sls IAISIHCVOf nW
-9N|IVO'H SV rsolnllll l^Hlr ONV 'rOdOsUVl rO NOllVZltAlldo CNV NOl.l-\nnNUOl
OOOJ'IVNI]IO]W SV NIVIN\Nd CNV VNVNV8
LA
ca
NON VIA
SlNll
llll
" " " " """ "'lvMHlVd ltlot-dodv
UllNVf, SlSSlUddnS DVUIXI ll'lONVHll SlAVll e^elJ etstla8ue:rv
T8
slNlttvd NvrsrNocNr
Nl
lll'l
U]3NVf, IVf,IAU]] HII/VI
Jo ll-llvnD No ldvurrotArHf lsv€ Nll\fldsll
" " " ""ooHrltA ftdH 9Nlsn
6L""
lo lfvdt/\ll
sdlHf, o1v10d
Nt sts^'tvNv st-t oNV ooHlltA Slufxor 9Nlsn sllllflxor lclN\fllufv Jo lonls ofl'lls Nl
cllv f tNotvn - Wnt3tvl Nrlvlsv^Uolv lo'lvrs^Uf,ol
sL""
......
]UVf, ''IVf, IlN]]VIAUVHd NI UOIAVH]8 S,.LSI]VIAUVHd
'lvf,lln3f,vt^UvHd Jo lf,NlnlJNl lHr
NO S9nUC NolldlU3SlUd Nl llOOtA S,lf,lAU,ls luvf
oL""
NOtlVtrNlUlll lc
99"
0NV NO|IVUSlltOUd Sll_llodlcvlud lvu No slAV3l lLue'l erloluln eurn2en9 lo
llvulxr f,r'roNVHll lo sNollJVUr u\nod-rnrs cNV u\nod-NoN lo llllll AUollSlHNl
" " I1vu1x1 ullvM]vlld ul^ oll l.l'llsou oNV rlvul-xl
29 " " """""" "
'toNVHrr rv3-t llllol vlt8vuv ro NollvNl€t^of All^llf,v lNVClxoll-NV lo ACnrs
t45
CORRELATION OF CD4 WITH TOTAL LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS IN HIV PATIENTS
...
DENTISTRY...........
... 148
Determinants of HIV/AIDS Awareness and Knowledge in Tanah Papua, lndonesia
""""""
149
THE ABILITY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY JATROPHA CURCAS LEAF EXTRACT AT COX'2
1-54
EXPRESSION ON MONOCYTES WERE EXPOSED LPS
........................ 158
NOVEL METHOD THYROID HORMONE MEASUREMENT ...."....
ROBUSTA COFFEE BEANS INCREASE LEVELS OF TNF-
o
AS
A
RESPONSE
mutans
TO Streptococcus
762
THE LEVE6 OF TNF-A lN GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID (GCF) OF OSING TRIBE WOMEN WITH
................ 165
OCCLUSAL DISHARMONY...,...,......
Robusta Coffee Bean Extract (Coffea robusta) on the Viability
Exposed by Porphyromonas gingivalis.........'
Effects
of
of Neutrophils
...... 169
ROBUSTA COFFEE BEANS DECREASE OF INFLAMMATION IN DENTAL CARIES""......".......'' 173
................ L77
The Progressive Low Chronic lnflammation on OralTissues ln Elderly
DENTAL CARIES
IN
PREGNANT WOMEN WHO VISITED POSYANDU OF SEVERAL PUBLIC
782
HEALTH CENTERS IN JEMBER
Role of Che moattractant Chemokine (SDF-1/CXCR4) ln Bone Marrow
Niche "
" " " " " ' 185
Establishment of a Rat Model of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis using lntraarticular
..... 190
lnjection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant.......
.....794
PUBLIC HEALTH
RECIPROCAL DETERMINISM "DAKOCAN" CHALLENGE EFFORTS
CASES IN JEMBER DISTRICT.......
TO REDUCE HIV AND AIDS
. 195
IRON TABLETS DISTRIBUTION OF PREGNANT WOMAN IN THE DISTRICT AND CITY OF EAST
200
JAVA PROVINCE.....
RISK MANAGEMENT OF DUE TO EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDE POISONING FOR TOBACCO
............204
FARMERS IN THE JEMBER DISTRICT..
AN
OVERVIEW
OF MOTHER KNOWLEDGE AFTER GIVING BIRTH ABOUT
........ 208
BREASTFEEDING ......
D|SASTER PREPAREDNESS
EXCLUSIVE
AT PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER (PHC) BY SCORING ANALYSIS OF
GENERAL ASPECTS, HEALTH CARE, SURVEILLANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION AND
...........272
LOGISTICS
INDEPENDENT FAMILY PLANNING IN RURALAND URBAN AREAS GRESIK DISTRICT .....,."...71.5
UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING ON ELIGIBLE COUPLE IN INDONESIA: 2OO7 IDHS DATA
........219
ANALYSIS
shells That Have been Polluted by lead around Youtefa Bay in Jayapura City That Have
........................ 223
Potential Risk Of Non Carcinogenik.'...'. ........
IMPLEMENTATION DIARRHEAL SURVEILANCE REPORT INFORMATION SYSTEM
227
WITH WATERFALL METHOD IN HEALTH DEVELOPMENT OF JEMBER......"...
DESIGN
AND
\t
LOCAL WISDOM OF JEMBER COMMUNITY
IN REDUCING CYANOGENIC
LEVELS
URINE THIOCYANATE LEVELS
TO LOWER
229
UNDERWEIGHT AND MORBIDITY STATUS AMONG UNDER FIVE YEARS CHILDREN IN
) ?4.
suRABAYA..............
CONDOM USE AMONG EXIT CLIENTS OF FEMALE SEXUAL WORKERS FOR PREVENTION
237
HIV/AIDS IN MAKASSAR
THE SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PREVALENCE EMESIS GRAVIDARIUM ON PREGNANT MOTHER IN
TRIMESTER I AT PUSKESMAS KEMBARAN I BANYUMAS REGENCY...............,..,..,..,..,............247
245
NURSING..
We need a bigger bomb: a community attempt on fighting dengue fever in a suburban
Su ra
,.,.....,.......'.,'.,..,246
baya, lndonesia
APPLICATION OF STANDART NURSING LANGUAGE (NANDA, NOC. NIC) USING SOCIAL MEDIA:
INSTAGRAM@
TO
INCREASE INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOUR
AND MOTIVATION
OF
.......250
NURSING STUDENT.....
THE EFFECT OF ONION (Allium ascalonicum L.) COMPRES TOWARD BODY TEMPERATURE OF
CHILDREN WITH HIPERTERMIA IN BOUGENVILLE ROOM DR. HARYOTO LUMAJANG HOSPITAL
.......253
ACHIEVEMENT OF BLOOD PRESSURE TARGET WITH MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND SODIUM
CONSUM PTION IN SAIFUL ANWAR GENERAL HOSPITAL OUTPATIENT CLIN IC... ....,.,,..,........251
EFFECT
OF INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEO OF SPLINTING PROCEDURE TO NURSING
spLtNTtNG SKTLL (PREHOSPTTAL
SETTING)....
STUDENTS
......................261
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN NURSE PERFORMANCE & THE LEVEL OF JAMKESMAS PATIENT
........266
SATISFACTION IN DAHLIA II WARD, NGUDI WALUYO WLINGI HOSPITAL
How To Maintain High Quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ln Adults: Literature Review
270
SMOKING BEHAVIOUR AMONG MIDDLE AND LATE ADOLESCENTS IN A SUB DISTRICI OF
275
MALANG DISTRICT, EAST JAVA, IN DONESI4............
THE DIFFERENCES DECLINE BREAST ENGORGEMENT CONDUCTED CONVENTIONAL METHODS
(BREAST MASSAGE) WITH HERB YEAST-KATU..
v11
282
en
EFFECT OF SOLrD LrPrD NANOPARTTCLE (SLN)AND NANO
na
STRUCTURE LrPrD CARRTER (NLC) SYSTEM ON ANTTOXTDANT
e).
nd
STABILITY OF TOMATO EXTRACT (LlPlD: CETYL ALCOHOL AND
ive
rsoPRoPYL MYRTSTATE)
ng
,m
Sayyidati Aqilah, Esti Hendradi, Noorma Rosita+
Pharmaceutics Department Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga University
Surabaya, East Java-lndonesia
+corresponding author: Email: [email protected] or [email protected] nair.ac. id
il,
2",
ss,
dsi
ng
)n,
3.
an
7io
ya
lal
ve
)n,
).,
ni,
an
an
rju
P,,
of
he
tia
ral
an
:A
-A
ue
ITROOUCTION
Tsnato extract was known contains many
-rtioxidants (Chauhan et o/., 2010), such as
Ultro Turox IKA T-25, Hot-plote stlrer , pH meter
SCHOTT CG-842, cone and plate viscometer
Brookefield, Spectrophotomete r Shimadzu UV-1800,
hopene, that are easily degraded by UV-B rays. The
rEchanism lycopene as an antiaging is to reduce
*in regeneration and increase the thickness of the
rlidermis (Sahasrabuddhe, 2011). As an
X-roy Diffroctometry (XRD), , DelsarM
-rtioxidant, lycopene easily degraded when exposed
D light, heat, and oxygen (Chauhan et al., 20LL).
Determination of Tomato Extracts
fug delivery system based on nanolipid carrier
tstem, such as: Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) was
?propriate to stabilize lycopene, as lipophilic
gtstance (Wissing and Muller,2003; Helgason et
C-, 2009; and Okonogi dan Riangjanapatee, 2014).
(he of the limitations of SLN is the drug molecule
t tat has been trapped expulsed easily during
stordge. lt is caused of the orderdness of lattice lipid
systal. Replacement part of solid lipid using liquid
Brd (called as nanostructure lipid carriers or NLC)
aan reduce the orderdness of lattice lipid crystall and
a will repaired it (Kaur et al, 2015).
h this research have been tried to be compared the
$ility of SLN and NLC to
improve the stability of
extract.
Using 20% total amount
-rtioxidanttomato
oa lipid, extract tomato-SlN made from cetyl alcohol
as solid lipid and extract tomato-NLC made from
frfference ratio between cetyl alcohol and isopropyl
rnyristate (lPM) such as:9:1 and 7:3. Tween 80 and
follipor were used as surfactant and co-surfactant,
PM was choose because of its enhancer and
€rnollient effect so easily
to
apply
to the
skin
(Vadgama et al, 2015).
IATERIALS AND METI{ODS
kerial:
Tomato extract, contain
of
20% lykopene (CN Lab
Iutrition, Asian Group),, DPPH (Sigma Aldrich), cetyl
Akohol (PT.Bratachem), lsopropyl Myristate (sigma
Aldrich), Kolliphor@ (Sigma Aldrich), Tween 80 (Sigma
Aldrich), Metanol (Sigma Aldrich), Aquadest,
Hument:
Nano
Submicron Porticle Size.
METHOD:
lCso
Value by 1,1and
Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)
Spectrophotometry Methode (Muller, 2011).
lCso is
the concentration of sample that can inhibite 50%
free radical activity, further more call as antioxidant
power. Various concentration of workong standard
tomato extract solution were reacted with 0.004%
DPPH solution The free radical inhibition
concentarion determined from the absorbance
spectrophotometer, absorbance measurements
were taken at three wavelengths, namely 505 nm,
515 nm, 525 nm. Next percent inhibition be
calculated by:
o/o
peredaman =
tcontrot
-
Asampet
x 1000/o
lCso was obtainded from correlation regression
curves between percent free radical inhibition and
concentration of extract solution, that indicate
50% inhibition of free radical activity.
Preparation of SLN and NLC tomato extract. SLN tomato
extract was made ol 0,25% tomato extraxt that
contain of 2oyo lycopene (CN Lab Nutrition, Asian
Group), 20 % cetyl alcohol as solid lipid, 5 % tween
80, and 5% kollipor and aquadest ad 700 % as
aquedus phase.
NLC
tomato extract had same
compotition with SLN, but there were cetyl alcohol
replacement with lPM, with two different ratio, such
as: 9:L and 7:3, sLN and NLC tomato extract were
made by High Shear Homogenization (HPH) method
with a speed of 24,000 rpm conducted for 8 minutes
at 4 cycle with Ultra Turax T-25.
55
Characterisation oI sample. Furthermore, sample were
Table 1. Character of tomato extract-SLN
characterized such as: pH, viscosity, particle size and
its distrbution were measured by pH meter, cone
and plate viscosimeter and DelsananorM particle size
and tomato extract-NLC
analyzer respectively. Characterization
be
Mean
(%Kv)
held
Measurement antioxidant stability. Each sample were
exposed with 32.400 Joule/hour UV-B radiation for
Without
2,5,9, 75, and 21 hours. After reacting with DPPH
solution, the aborbance was observed by
exposure
spectrophotometer and were calculated the percent
inhibition of free radical activity using equation 1.
Furthermore the stability of antioxidant were
interpreted based on constanta of percent
scavenging activity decreasing in antioxidant power
(k value) on the appropriate reaction order.
lC50 ol tomato extrad, The regression equation
obtained was y = 637 ,23x + 7.7944 wilh a correlation
was r = 0.9973. lCso values can be
obtained from the regression equation by entering a
value of y = 50% to obtain the value of x, namely the
concentration of tomato extract, which can inhibite
5O/o lree radical activity of DPPH. lcso value of
tomato extract obtained is equalto 0.0652%.
s
80
7:3
SLN
After
exposure
lot
NLC
9:1
2.7
hours
NLC
7:3
NLC had
0,41
r
1733,33
o,o2
I
(3,49)
(3,06)
(3,34)
74\9,72
!
203,54
r
5,82
0.07
|t,27)
NLC
1sD
(%KV)
5,87 !.
o,74
t
0,29
5,64
0,01
{18,35)
1916,33
! 152,67
12,77].
r
l\4,14)
o,20
17,s7)
1231,00
187.8
t
31.15
0,10
t
12,46)
(1,66)
(4,78)
5,681
4t7,27
126,s2)
6845,33
o,24
(4,93)
71,24
r
5,64
0,09
(1,60)
5,83
!
(s.e8)
r
r
t
0,10
(29,s9)
12,73)
229,72
73,75
0,33
!
i
0,30
0,01
12,7
6l
t
o72
8,78
0,24
0,01
(2,06)
(3,72],
{s,31)
331,39
1003,23
(14,65)
t232,56
!
300,,24
124,36)
906,12
777,74
(18,89)
r
viscosity lower than SLN. Viscosity NLC with
ratio cetyl alcohol : IPM 7:3 lower than 9:1. lt was
consequence of solid lipid replacement by liquid
Iipid.. This phenomena were the same with the
UV-B exposured for 21 hours decreased the viscosity
c)n
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
Concentration of Tomato extract
FiBure
9:1
(cPs)
but increased particle size. Based on Stokes law,
viscosity invers relate with floculation rate of
droplet emulsion. Therefore the particle size of NLc
with ratio cetyl alcohol : IPM 7:3 increased
2Ln
o
(%r(V)
Viskositas
particle size.
-ou
Eo
L
SD
8,38
UV-B
RESUI.T AND OISCUSSION
PI!
o,20
UV-B
NLC
!
274.77
SLN
Mean
mean
diameter
(nm)1
sD (%KV)
before and after UV-B exposure.
coefficient
Mean
pHtSD
Sample
(o/o)
1. Calculation curve of percent inhibition of free
radicalactivity
Further more, preparation SlN-tomato extract and
Nlc-tomato extract using extract
tomato
significant compare with others after UV-B radiation
exposure, but indicated more homogen in size.
Diffraction Pattern Determination of Lipid Cetyl alcohol
and in the system sLN, NtC (9:1) and Nl.C (7:3) . From
diffractogram (fig.2 and table 2) were known that
declining intensity of the crystal lattice cetyl alcohol
after made to be SLN. lt was effect of adding
surfactant in the lipid. Furthermore the intencity
more decline once created NLC.
concentration at least twice to its lcso.
Character of SLN-tomato extrad and Nlc-tomato
:J+,+
extract.
All character of sample presented in tablel. All
sample had pH in between skin pH range . lt was
t
;
.ll
mean all sample did not have potential iritation for
skin. There were no significan change of pH relatively
after 21 hour UV-B exposure.
-^--.-J-.^,
Figure 2. Difractogram cetyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol
in SLN, NLC (9:1) and NLC (7:3)
56
addition liquid lipid (lPM) reduce the orderdness
htice lipid crystal. According to Jenning
|an
lsitas
1sD
(V)
1,33
(2000)
orderdness of lattice crystal corresponds to the
of lipid to entrap the drug. The drug was
difficult to be inserted in the particle lipid that
ordered lattice crystal and was easier to
nanolipid such as SLN and NLC,
encapsulated in the system.
Table 3. Mean constanta of change rate of percent
free radical activity inhibition of sample over time
(based in orde 1 reaction)
from the carrier
t
9,72
,36)
6,33
2,67
e7)
1,00
1,39
,92].
5,33
t
2. The main diffraction peak intensity of
,36)
72!
1,74
,89)
ith
/as
rid
he
mple
inhibition between time
Tomato Extract (TE)
Sample
1
,06.
27,76"
Mean constanta (k) of
change rate of percent
(/hour) 1 sD+ (%KV)
Angle 2e
TE - SLN
24,70"
3459,99 7668,77
3475,49 1068,65
3257,35 833,49
2449,97 131,46
3,23
,66)
2,56
0,,24
sa
the
diffraction pattern of the sample
l=:, Aicohol(CA) 7s23,72
:i in SLN
277,33
:: ^ NLC (9:1) 237,02
-: - NLC {7:3) 790,32
the materials were
Stability Test. From the result of the
order determination of changes percent
radical activuty inhibition on each exposure
of each sample was known that the reaction
to first order. Furthermore, the constanta
p€rcent scavenging activity decreasing in
nt power (k value) every sample was
by making the regretion curve plot time
log percent inhibition (fig.3). Using the
for the first order can be calculated the
of t, as presented in the table 3
TE
-
NLC 9:1
TE - NLC 7:3
4,58
3,82
2,59
2,83
x 1o''z 1 0,0045
x 10' i 0,0019
x 7]-'1 ! 0,007L
x 10-, 10,0006
(9,87)
(4,93)
(4,L9)
(2,05)
The antioxidant power tomato extract in the NLC
was more stable than in the SLN form. lt was seen
from the smaller of k value. lt was the impact of
reducing of lattice lipid crystal orderdness (fig. 2).
Therefore
the active ingredient was not
easily
expulsed out. ln this case, the more IPM addition in
the system by changing the ratio of cetyl alcohol:
IPM from 9: 1 to 7: 3 was not very meaningfull in
stability effect. Decreasing orderdness of lipid
crystal lattice was not necessarily improve the drug
entrapment. There were need optimal conditions
that produce optimal trapping anyway.
CONCLUSION
The conclussion of this research were:
itv
1.
1.5
of
ed
O
1
LC
Ekstrak
Tomat
2.
0.5
on
0
I
02040
to liquid lipid (isopropyl myristate/lPM) to
SLN Ekstrak
be
NLC system in ratio 9:1 and 7:3 could
increased antioxidan stability of tomato
Tomat
Time (hours)
hol
3.
)m
rat
101
Change rate of log percent free radical
activity inhibition of sample over time
Eure 3.
ing
;ity
extract.
lncreasing isopropyl myristate ratio in NLC
system from 9:1 to be 7:3 did not increase
antioxidan stability of tomato extract
meaningfuly
orde reaction means that the change was
ng exponentially with time (Martin et
al.,
ln this case that means decreasing antioxidant
REFERENCES
1.
depends only on the concentation of
nt in tomato extract that has antioxidant
Diflucortolone valerate loaded
. The greater the value of k indicates that the
was unstable. lt was known that constanta of
inhibition free radical activity decreasing of
extract was 4,58 x 102 t O,OO45/ hour
than SLN and NLC. This was due to the
lic antioxidants ingredients in tomato extract,
to the conditions that could degrade the
Meanwhile, when they were made in
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o
of tomato extract
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2.
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58