Materi 10 Penerapan Pend Moral di Sekolah

Thomas Lickona

 Jenna Volgamore
 Jody Zillner
 Kristen Haugen

Background











A developmental psychologist and Professor of Education at the State
University of New York at Cortland
Directs the Center for the Fourth and Fifth Rs (Respect and

Responsibility).
Visiting Professor at Boston and Harvard Universities
Past President of Association of Moral Development
Serves on the Board of Directors of the Character Education Partnership
and the advisory councils of Character Counts Coalition and Medical
Institute for Sexual Health.
He speaks at school and conferences about character education and
moral development.
Ph D. in Psychology from the State University of New York in Albany.
Extensive work on the growth of a child’s moral reasoning
Named a State University of New York Faculty Exchange Scholar and the
recipient of the Distinguished Alumni Award from the State University of
New York at Albany.

Influences
 Kohlberg (Stages one through five)

 William Damon and Robert Selman
(Stage Zero)


Theory
The Stages of Moral Reasoning:
Preschool to Adulthood
 Stage 0: Egocentric Reasoning


Preschool- around age 4

 Stage 1: Unquestioned Obedience


Kindergarten

 Stage 2: What’s in it for me fairness


Early Elementary ages

 Stage 3: Interpersonal Conformity



Middle to upper elementary grades and early-to-mid teens

 Stage 4: Responsibility to “The System”


High school years or late teens

 Stage 5: Principled Conscience


Young Adulthood

Critique
 What set of values the children should be
learning.

 Character Education has no
“substantive” quality and does little to
improve standardized test scores.


Classroom Applications
 Meaningful and challenging academic
curriculum
 Develop students’ intrinsic motivation
 School staff must become a learning and moral
community
 Moral Leadership from staff and students
 Parents and Community members
 Assess the school and staff as character
educators.

“When we think about the kind of character
we want for our children, it’s clear that we
want them to be able to judge what is
right, care deeply about what is right, and
then do what they believe is right- even
in the face of pressure from without and
temptation from within..”
-Thomas Lickona


References
 http://www.cortland.edu/character/bios.h
tm
 http://www.character-education.info/Art
icles/stages_of_moral_development.htm
 http://www.cortland.edu/character/bios.h
tm
 www.ericdigests.org/20012/character.html