Institutional Repository | Satya Wacana Christian University: Pengaruh Dosis Biochar Terhadap Kalium Tanah pada Sistem Pertanian Organik
PENGARUH DOSIS BIOCHAR TERHADAP KALIUM TANAH PADA
SISTEM PERTANIAN ORGANIK
THE INFLUENCE OF BIOCHAR DOSAGE ON SOIL POTASSIUM IN
ORGANIC FARMING SYSTEM
Oleh :
Rian C Wahyu Anggono
NIM: 512008006
SKRIPSI
Diajukan kepada Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian dan Bisnis UKSW
guna memenuhi sebagian dari persyaratan untuk mencapai gelar Sarjana Pertanian
FAKULTAS PERTANIAN DAN BISNIS
UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN SATYA WACANA
SALATIGA
2015
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
JUDUL PENELITIAN SKRIPSI .....................................................................
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN……………………………….……………………
ii
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN .........................................................
iii
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN BEBAS ROYALTI DAN PUBLIKASI. ...............
iv
KATA PENGANTAR. ....................................................................................
v
ABSTRAK. .....................................................................................................
vi
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR ISI…………………………………………………………… ........... viii
DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR. ......................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN. ................................................................................... xii
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN..............................................................................
1
1.1. Latar Belakang ...........................................................................
1
1.2. Tujuan ........................................................................................
3
1.3. Model Hipotetis..........................................................................
3
1.4. Batasan Masalah .........................................................................
4
1.5. Signifikansi Penelitian ................................................................
4
BAB 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................................
5
2.1. Biochar (Arang hayati) ..............................................................
5
2.2. Kalium.......................................................................................
6
2.2.1
Bentuk-bentuk Kalium .................................................
7
2.2.2
Peranan Kalium terhadap tanaman ................................
8
2.3. Hipotesis Penelitian ...................................................................
8
2.4. Definisi dan Pengukuran Variabel ..............................................
9
BAB 3. METODE PENELITIAN ...................................................................
10
3.1. Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian ....................................................
10
3.2. Rancangan Penelitian dan Perlakuan ..........................................
10
viii
3.2.1. Rancangan Penelitian .....................................................
10
3.2.2. Jumlah Perlakuan ...........................................................
11
3.2.3. Tata Letak Penelitian ......................................................
11
3.2.4. Ukuran Petak Penelitian .................................................
12
3.2.5. Pengambilan Sampel Tanah ...........................................
12
3.3. Jumlah Ulangan .........................................................................
12
3.4. Analisis Data .............................................................................
12
3.5. Pengamatan ...............................................................................
13
3.6. Prosedur Pelaksanaan ................................................................
13
BAB 4. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN...........................................................
15
4.1. Data Hujan. ...............................................................................
15
4.2. Karakteristik Tanah Awal Perlakuan. .........................................
15
4.3. Karakteristik Biochar................................................................. . 17
4.4. Pengaruh Pemberian Biochar terhadap C-organik,KTK,Ca,Mg,pH.17
4.5. Pengaruh Biochar terhadap Kalium Tanah .................................
20
BAB 5. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN...........................................................
24
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................
25
LAMPIRAN. ...................................................................................................
28
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 3.1. Perlakuan Dosis Biochar ................................................................
11
Tabel 3.2. Pengamatan Analisis Tanah ...........................................................
13
Tabel 4.1. Data Hari dan Curah Hujan Tahun 2012 Selama Penelitian Di
Megamendung Kabupaten Bogor ....................................................
15
Tabel 4.2. Sifat Tanah Awal Penelitian pada Kedalaman 0-20 cm. ..................
16
Tabel 4.3. Karakteristik Tanah C-Organik dan KTK pada Kedalaman 0-20 cm
dan 20-40 cm. .................................................................................
17
Tabel 4.4. Karakteristik Tanah Ca, Mg, dan pH pada Kedalaman 0-20 cm dan
20-40 cm……………………………………………………………
18
Tabel 4.5. Pengaruh Dosis Biochar terhadap Bentuk Kalium Tanah pada
kedalaman 0-20 cm. ........................................................................
20
Tabel 4.6. Pengaruh Dosis Biochar terhadap Pergerakan Kalium pada
kedalaman 0-20 cm dan 20-40 cm...................................................
x
22
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 1.1. Model Hipotetis ..........................................................................
3
Gambar 3.1. Tata Letak Penelitian ..................................................................
11
Gambar 3.2. Ukuran Petak Penelitian ..............................................................
12
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman
Lampiran 1.
Analisis Sidik Ragam Kalium Cadangan. ..................................
29
Lampiran 2.
Analisis Sidik Ragam Kalium dapat dipertukar (K-dd). .............
32
Lampiran 3.
Analisis Sidik Ragam Kalium Larut Air. ...................................
35
Lampiran 4.
Analisis Sidik Ragam Kalium Fiksasi. .......................................
38
xii
SISTEM PERTANIAN ORGANIK
THE INFLUENCE OF BIOCHAR DOSAGE ON SOIL POTASSIUM IN
ORGANIC FARMING SYSTEM
Oleh :
Rian C Wahyu Anggono
NIM: 512008006
SKRIPSI
Diajukan kepada Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian dan Bisnis UKSW
guna memenuhi sebagian dari persyaratan untuk mencapai gelar Sarjana Pertanian
FAKULTAS PERTANIAN DAN BISNIS
UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN SATYA WACANA
SALATIGA
2015
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
JUDUL PENELITIAN SKRIPSI .....................................................................
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN……………………………….……………………
ii
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN .........................................................
iii
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN BEBAS ROYALTI DAN PUBLIKASI. ...............
iv
KATA PENGANTAR. ....................................................................................
v
ABSTRAK. .....................................................................................................
vi
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR ISI…………………………………………………………… ........... viii
DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR. ......................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN. ................................................................................... xii
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN..............................................................................
1
1.1. Latar Belakang ...........................................................................
1
1.2. Tujuan ........................................................................................
3
1.3. Model Hipotetis..........................................................................
3
1.4. Batasan Masalah .........................................................................
4
1.5. Signifikansi Penelitian ................................................................
4
BAB 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................................
5
2.1. Biochar (Arang hayati) ..............................................................
5
2.2. Kalium.......................................................................................
6
2.2.1
Bentuk-bentuk Kalium .................................................
7
2.2.2
Peranan Kalium terhadap tanaman ................................
8
2.3. Hipotesis Penelitian ...................................................................
8
2.4. Definisi dan Pengukuran Variabel ..............................................
9
BAB 3. METODE PENELITIAN ...................................................................
10
3.1. Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian ....................................................
10
3.2. Rancangan Penelitian dan Perlakuan ..........................................
10
viii
3.2.1. Rancangan Penelitian .....................................................
10
3.2.2. Jumlah Perlakuan ...........................................................
11
3.2.3. Tata Letak Penelitian ......................................................
11
3.2.4. Ukuran Petak Penelitian .................................................
12
3.2.5. Pengambilan Sampel Tanah ...........................................
12
3.3. Jumlah Ulangan .........................................................................
12
3.4. Analisis Data .............................................................................
12
3.5. Pengamatan ...............................................................................
13
3.6. Prosedur Pelaksanaan ................................................................
13
BAB 4. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN...........................................................
15
4.1. Data Hujan. ...............................................................................
15
4.2. Karakteristik Tanah Awal Perlakuan. .........................................
15
4.3. Karakteristik Biochar................................................................. . 17
4.4. Pengaruh Pemberian Biochar terhadap C-organik,KTK,Ca,Mg,pH.17
4.5. Pengaruh Biochar terhadap Kalium Tanah .................................
20
BAB 5. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN...........................................................
24
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................
25
LAMPIRAN. ...................................................................................................
28
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 3.1. Perlakuan Dosis Biochar ................................................................
11
Tabel 3.2. Pengamatan Analisis Tanah ...........................................................
13
Tabel 4.1. Data Hari dan Curah Hujan Tahun 2012 Selama Penelitian Di
Megamendung Kabupaten Bogor ....................................................
15
Tabel 4.2. Sifat Tanah Awal Penelitian pada Kedalaman 0-20 cm. ..................
16
Tabel 4.3. Karakteristik Tanah C-Organik dan KTK pada Kedalaman 0-20 cm
dan 20-40 cm. .................................................................................
17
Tabel 4.4. Karakteristik Tanah Ca, Mg, dan pH pada Kedalaman 0-20 cm dan
20-40 cm……………………………………………………………
18
Tabel 4.5. Pengaruh Dosis Biochar terhadap Bentuk Kalium Tanah pada
kedalaman 0-20 cm. ........................................................................
20
Tabel 4.6. Pengaruh Dosis Biochar terhadap Pergerakan Kalium pada
kedalaman 0-20 cm dan 20-40 cm...................................................
x
22
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 1.1. Model Hipotetis ..........................................................................
3
Gambar 3.1. Tata Letak Penelitian ..................................................................
11
Gambar 3.2. Ukuran Petak Penelitian ..............................................................
12
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman
Lampiran 1.
Analisis Sidik Ragam Kalium Cadangan. ..................................
29
Lampiran 2.
Analisis Sidik Ragam Kalium dapat dipertukar (K-dd). .............
32
Lampiran 3.
Analisis Sidik Ragam Kalium Larut Air. ...................................
35
Lampiran 4.
Analisis Sidik Ragam Kalium Fiksasi. .......................................
38
xii