Masyarakat Betawi dalam Novel Kronik Betawi Karya Ratih Kumala: Tinjauan Sosiologi Sastra.
Masyarakat Betawi dalam Novel Kronik Betawi Karya Ratih Kumala:
Tinjauan Sosiologi Sastra
SKRIPSI
Skripsi Ini Disusun untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Humaniora
Pada Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Andalas
oleh
Lisa Amelia
07 184 035
JURUSAN SASTRA INDONESIA
FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS
PADANG, OKTOBER 2012
i
ABSTRAK
Lisa Amelia. 2012. Masyarakat Betawi dalam novel Kronik Betawi.
Jurusan Sastra Indonesia Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Andalas. Padang.
Pembimbing I, Drs. M. Yusuf, M.Hum. Pembimbing II, Drs. Danang Susena,
M.Hum.
Kata Kunci: “Fenomena Masyarakat Betawi, Sosiologi Sastra”
Novel Kronik Betawi menggambarkan masyarakat Betawi yang mulai tergeser
oleh budaya Jakarta. Persoalan-persoalan sosial yang terjadi dalam novel Kronik
Betawi dianalisis dengan menggunakan tinjauan sosiologi sastra sehingga peneliti
dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai masalah-masalah sosial dalam novel Kronik
Betawi.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tokoh-tokohnya: Haji Jaelani,
Jarkasi, dan Juleha mereka mampu mempertahankan kehidupan tradisional Betawi
dalam perkembangan modernitas Jakarta dan menepis pandangan miring dalam
lingkungan masyarakat Betawi yang kerap terjadi dengan hal-hal positif dalam
meraih suatu prestasi.
iii
DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................................
i
ABSTRAK ..............................................................................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI...........................................................................................................................
iv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN.......................................................................................................
1
1.1 Latar Belakang ......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah..................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................................... 5
1.4 Kerangka Teori ......................................................................................................... 5
1.5 Tinjauan Kepustakaan .............................................................................................. 7
1.6 Metode Penelitian ..................................................................................................... 9
1.7 Sistematika Penulisan .............................................................................................. 10
BAB II BETAWI ....................................................................................................................
11
2.1 Betawi ...................................................................................................................... 11
2.2 Wilayah .................................................................................................................... 13
2.3 Kesenian dan Masyarakat ........................................................................................ 15
2.3.1 Tari Topeng .................................................................................................. 17
2.3.2 Lenong ......................................................................................................... 20
2.3.3 Gambang Kromong...................................................................................... 23
2.3.4 Tanjidor ........................................................................................................ 25
BAB III UNSUR INTRINSIK...............................................................................................
28
3.1 Pengantar .................................................................................................................. 28
3.2 Tema........................................................................................................................ 28
3.3 Tokoh dan Penokohan.............................................................................................. 29
3.3.1 Tokoh Utama........................................................................................................ 29
iv
3.3.1.1 Haji Jaelani ............................................................................................. 30
3.3.1.2 Jarkasi ..................................................................................................... 31
3.3.1.3 Juleha ...................................................................................................... 32
3.4 Tokoh Tambahan ...................................................................................................... 33
3.4.1 Edah ........................................................................................................... 34
3.4.2 Japri, Juned dan Fauzan ............................................................................. 35
3.5 Latar .......................................................................................................................... 36
3.5.1 Latar Tempat.............................................................................................. 36
3.5.2 Latar Waktu ............................................................................................... 37
3.5.3 Latar Sosial ................................................................................................ 38
BAB IV FENOMENA MASYARAKAT..............................................................................
41
4.1 Pendidikan ................................................................................................................ 41
4.2 Sosial Budaya ........................................................................................................... 45
4.3 Fenomena Masyarakat Betawi.................................................................................. 49
4.4 Sikap Masyarakat Betawi Terhadap Lingkungannya ............................................... 52
BAB V PENUTUP..................................................................................................................
56
5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................... 56
5.2 Saran ......................................................................................................................... 57
DAFTAR KEPUSTAKAAN .................................................................................................
v
58
Tinjauan Sosiologi Sastra
SKRIPSI
Skripsi Ini Disusun untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Humaniora
Pada Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Andalas
oleh
Lisa Amelia
07 184 035
JURUSAN SASTRA INDONESIA
FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS
PADANG, OKTOBER 2012
i
ABSTRAK
Lisa Amelia. 2012. Masyarakat Betawi dalam novel Kronik Betawi.
Jurusan Sastra Indonesia Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Andalas. Padang.
Pembimbing I, Drs. M. Yusuf, M.Hum. Pembimbing II, Drs. Danang Susena,
M.Hum.
Kata Kunci: “Fenomena Masyarakat Betawi, Sosiologi Sastra”
Novel Kronik Betawi menggambarkan masyarakat Betawi yang mulai tergeser
oleh budaya Jakarta. Persoalan-persoalan sosial yang terjadi dalam novel Kronik
Betawi dianalisis dengan menggunakan tinjauan sosiologi sastra sehingga peneliti
dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai masalah-masalah sosial dalam novel Kronik
Betawi.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tokoh-tokohnya: Haji Jaelani,
Jarkasi, dan Juleha mereka mampu mempertahankan kehidupan tradisional Betawi
dalam perkembangan modernitas Jakarta dan menepis pandangan miring dalam
lingkungan masyarakat Betawi yang kerap terjadi dengan hal-hal positif dalam
meraih suatu prestasi.
iii
DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................................
i
ABSTRAK ..............................................................................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI...........................................................................................................................
iv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN.......................................................................................................
1
1.1 Latar Belakang ......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah..................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................................... 5
1.4 Kerangka Teori ......................................................................................................... 5
1.5 Tinjauan Kepustakaan .............................................................................................. 7
1.6 Metode Penelitian ..................................................................................................... 9
1.7 Sistematika Penulisan .............................................................................................. 10
BAB II BETAWI ....................................................................................................................
11
2.1 Betawi ...................................................................................................................... 11
2.2 Wilayah .................................................................................................................... 13
2.3 Kesenian dan Masyarakat ........................................................................................ 15
2.3.1 Tari Topeng .................................................................................................. 17
2.3.2 Lenong ......................................................................................................... 20
2.3.3 Gambang Kromong...................................................................................... 23
2.3.4 Tanjidor ........................................................................................................ 25
BAB III UNSUR INTRINSIK...............................................................................................
28
3.1 Pengantar .................................................................................................................. 28
3.2 Tema........................................................................................................................ 28
3.3 Tokoh dan Penokohan.............................................................................................. 29
3.3.1 Tokoh Utama........................................................................................................ 29
iv
3.3.1.1 Haji Jaelani ............................................................................................. 30
3.3.1.2 Jarkasi ..................................................................................................... 31
3.3.1.3 Juleha ...................................................................................................... 32
3.4 Tokoh Tambahan ...................................................................................................... 33
3.4.1 Edah ........................................................................................................... 34
3.4.2 Japri, Juned dan Fauzan ............................................................................. 35
3.5 Latar .......................................................................................................................... 36
3.5.1 Latar Tempat.............................................................................................. 36
3.5.2 Latar Waktu ............................................................................................... 37
3.5.3 Latar Sosial ................................................................................................ 38
BAB IV FENOMENA MASYARAKAT..............................................................................
41
4.1 Pendidikan ................................................................................................................ 41
4.2 Sosial Budaya ........................................................................................................... 45
4.3 Fenomena Masyarakat Betawi.................................................................................. 49
4.4 Sikap Masyarakat Betawi Terhadap Lingkungannya ............................................... 52
BAB V PENUTUP..................................................................................................................
56
5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................... 56
5.2 Saran ......................................................................................................................... 57
DAFTAR KEPUSTAKAAN .................................................................................................
v
58