Sketching Expert System for Crime Investigation Purpose.
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July 2014
Table of Contents
Improved Information Systems Model for Bangladesh
Jahangir Alam S.M., Hu Guoqing, M. Rabiul Alam, Md. Golam Kibria, Md. Abdul
Malek
PDF
4893-4899
PDF
Design and Implementation of PV Poultry Incubator Using PLC
Nithin T Abraham, Shaema Lizbeth Mathew, C.A Pradeep Kumar
4900-4904
PDF
Communication and Calibraton of Sensing Meters
Harrouz Abdelkader, Omar Harrouz, Ali Benatiallah
Sensitivity Factor Based Optimal Location of SVC on Transmission
Network
T. D. Sudhakar
4905-4914
PDF
4915-4923
PDF
Modeling of Tunnel Junction (GaAs) in the Cascade Solar Cell
Dennai Benmoussa, Benslimane H, Helmaoui A, Hemmani A
Theoretical Study of Multiple Solar Cells System as a Function of
4924-4927
PDF
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Temperature
Ben Slimane Hassane, Ben Moussa Dennai, Helmaoui Abderrachid
4928-4933
PDF
Behavior of DFIG Wind Turbine During Unbalanced Grid Voltage
Omer Elfaki, Wang Zezhong, Liu Qihui
Study on the Acceptance Test Specification of Grid-connected
Micro-grid
Le Jian, Tao Mao, Yang Zhichun, Liu Yang, Liu Kaipei
A Reliability Evaluation of High Speed Railway Traction Substation
Based on the GO-FLOW Methodology
Li Liang, Feng Zhao, Sihua Wang
Research on Zigbee Network Temperature Sensor in Intelligent
High-Voltage Switch Cabinet
Xin-bo Huang, Yang Zhao, Xiao-hui Zhao, Zhi-jun Liao
Short-Term Prediction of Wind Power Based on an Improved PSO
Neural Network
Hong Zhang, Guo Zhao, Lixing Chen, Bailiang Liu
An approach for Assessing Harmonic Emission Level Based on Robust
Partial Least Squares Regression
Xiang Li, Minyou Chen, Yongwei Zheng, Shan Cheng, Feng Li
4934-4943
PDF
4944-4953
PDF
4954-4962
PDF
4963-4972
PDF
4973-4980
PDF
4981-4987
PDF
Electromagnetic-thermal Scale Model of Gas-Insulated Bus Bars
Hongtao Li, Naiqiu Shu, Ling Li, Hui Peng, Zipin Li
4988-4995
PDF
A Design of Rapid Pulsed Intelligent Charging Circuit
Zhang Lefang, Li Xiaohong, Ren Zhihong
Three-Dimensional Thermal Analysis of Three-Phase Enclosed GIS
Bus Bars
Hongtao Li, Naiqiu Shu, Ling Li
Analysis of Weak Position in Overhead line under Heavy Icing
Condition by Finite Element Method
Gan Yan, Liu Chao, Ruan Jiangjun, Li Jinliang, Du Zhiye, Hu Yuanchao
A Novel SSR Mitigation Method Based on GCSC in DFIG with Series
Connected Compensator
Zakieldeen Elhassan, Li Yang, Tang Yi
4996-5002
PDF
5003-5010
PDF
5011-5021
PDF
5022-5036
PDF
Dynamic characteristics analysis of WEDM based on Ansys and LMS
Jingxing Qi, Changtao Cai, Zhixing Mao, Dongdong Luo
5037-5043
PDF
The 3D Modeling of Cutting Force in High-speed Milling for Flat Mill
Yueqi Guan, Hanqing Guan, Gaosheng Wang, Ping Yuan
Multi-Area Automatic Generation Control Scheme including Renewable
Energy Sources
Sandeep Bhongade, Barjeev Tyagi, H.O. Gupta
Effect of Contamination on Electric Field Distribution of DC Voltage
Divider
Caibo Liao, Ruan Jiangjun, Du Zhiye, Liu Chao
A Harmonic Analysis Method Based on Harris Window for Digital
Substation
Luo Hanwu
Determining LBMP through Optimal Power Flow in the Electric Power
Business
Hermagasantos Zein, Yusra Sabri, Erwin Dermawan
Transformer State Assessment Method Based on Fuzzy and Evidence
Theories
Xie Jianghong, Wang Haipeng, Nie Dexin, Song You, Cai Wei
Implementation of Smart Metering Systems: Challenges and
Solutions
Hossein Shahinzadeh, Ayla Hasanalizadeh-Khosroshahi
An Exact Model for Rotor Field-Oriented Control of Single-Phase
5044-5051
PDF
5052-5070
PDF
5071-5077
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5078-5085
PDF
5086-5095
PDF
5096-5103
PDF
5104-5109
PDF
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3 of 6
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Induction Motors
Mohammad Jannati, Ali Monadi, Sajad A. Anbaran, Nik Rumzi Nik Idris, Mohd
Junaidi Abdul Aziz
5110-5120
PDF
Solution Trajectories for a Single-Phase Programmed PWM Inverter
Ayong Hiendro, Syaifurrahman Syaifurrahman, Dedi Triyanto, Junaidi Junaidi
Investigating the Effect of Different PWM Modes on Ripple Reduction
in Five-Phase BLDC Motor with New Method
Seyed Mohsen Mirbagheri, Seyed Sajjad Salehi GHalehsefid, Seyed Mohammad
Hossein Mousavi
5121-5128
PDF
5129-5136
PDF
dsPIC33 Based Control for PV-Grid System with a Buck-Boost MPPT
Slamet Riyadi
5137-5143
PDF
Direct Virtual Power Control
Li Xiang, Han Minxiao
5144-5153
PDF
Power Loss Research on IGCT-applied NPC Three-level Converter
Dong Xu, MinXiao Han, Lei Wan
Design and Simulation Low Voltage Single-Phase Transformerless
Photovoltaic Inverter
Rajendra R Aparnathi, Ved Vyas Dwivedi
5154-5162
PDF
5163-5173
PDF
Circuit Design of Digital Closed Loop Control System for FOG
Qiudong Sun, Yufeng Shao, Jiancun Zuo, Liandong Wang, Lin Gui
5174-5184
PDF
The Transmission Properties of Coated THz Teflon Tube
Wu Pan, Tian bo Duo, Zichen Liu, Jun Chen
5185-5190
PDF
Digital Image Storage System Based on USB and NAND Flash
Yongjun Cui, Wei Liu
Design of 3-Bit ADC in 0.18 µm CMOS Process
Mohammad Marufuzzaman, Syarizal Z. Abidin, Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz, Labonnah
Farzana Rahman
5191-5196
PDF
5197-5203
PDF
An Improved A Low Power CMOS TIQ Comparator Flash ADC
A Al, Mamun B. Ibne Reaz, J. Jalil, Mohd. Alauddin Bin Mohd. Ali
Red (SrCa)AlSiN3:Eu2+ Nitride Phosphor Particle Size of Phosphor
Converted Warm White LEDs
Peng Hui Yuen, Hsien Shiung Hwang, Mutharasu Devarajan
Optimal Feedback Control of Vehicle Vibration with Eight Degrees of
Freedom
Ali Hemati, Mehdi Tajdari, Ahmadreza Khoogar
Simplifications of the Rule base for the stabilization of Inverted
Pendulum System
Tharwat O. S. Hanafy, Mohamed K Metwally
5204-5210
PDF
5211-5216
PDF
5217-5224
PDF
5225-5234
PDF
Wavelet Kernel Based on Identification for Nonlinear Hybrid Systems
Hamid Nourisola
Delay Separated Neural Network Inverse Control in Main-Steam
Temperature System
Lingfang Sun, Yihang Li, Dan Li
Adaptive Hybrid Synchronization of Lorenz-84 System with Uncertain
Parameters
Edwin Albert Umoh
Identification of Nonlinear System Based on Fuzzy Model with
Enhanced Gradient Search
Arbab Nighat Khizer, Dai Yaping, Amir Mahmood Soomro, Xu Xiang Yang
5235-5243
PDF
5244-5250
PDF
5251-5260
PDF
5261-5267
PDF
A New Anti-Windup PI Controller for Direct Torque Control System
Li Qi Meng, Miao Jing Li
5268-5274
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Dynamic Sliding Mode Control of Ship Rudder-fin Joint Nonlinear
System
Han Yao zhen
Adaptive Neural Network Approach for a Class of Uncertain Non-affine
Nonlinear Systems
Hui Hu, Yingjun Wang, Xilong qu
SISO P-ILC Algorithm for Output Data Dropouts and Its Application in
Wastewater Biological Treatment Plant
Gu Qun, Hao Xiaohong, Li Zhuoyue, Wang Hua
PDF
5275-5283
PDF
5284-5292
PDF
5293-5297
PDF
Wind-Induced Vibration Analysis of Overhead Working Truck
Hongqi Jiang, Shuncai Li, Xianbiao Mao
Anti-interference Tracking Methods of Maneuvering Target for
Structure Random Jump Systems
Jianfeng Wu, Shucai Huang, Xiaoyan Wu, Yu Zhong, Hongxia Kang, Chengjing Li
Algorithm of Multi Sensor Data Fusion based on BP Neural Network
and Multi-scale Model Predictive Control
Guo Wang, Dong Dai
5298-5304
PDF
5305-5315
PDF
5316-5323
PDF
Sensor Fusion via Brain Emotional Learning for Ground Vehicle
Alvaro Vargas-Clara, Sangram Redkar
A Virtual Physics-based Approach to Multiple Odor Sources
Localization
Xiaoping Ma, Yuli Zhang, Yanzi Miao
Dynamic Error Analysis of CMM Based on Variance Analysis and
Improved PLSR
Zhang Mei, Cheng Fang, Li Guihua
Design of Decentralized Controller for Interactive Processes through
Relative Frequency Array
R.Hanuma Naik, D.V. Ashok Kumar, K.S.R. Anjaneyulu
Controlled Synchronization by Limited Capacity Communication
Channel
Ziqi Dong, Yongchun Liu, Da Lin
5324-5330
PDF
5331-5341
PDF
5342-5349
PDF
5350-5361
PDF
5362-5367
PDF
Characteristics Analysis and Detection Algorithm of Mosquitoes
Jahangir Alam S.M., Hu Guoqing, Cheng Chen
Multi-user Detection Based on Gaussian Sum Particle Filter in
Impulsive Noise
Li Zhihui, xian Jin-Long
5368-5378
PDF
5379-5386
PDF
Study on Mahalanobis Discriminant Analysis of EEG Data
Yuan Shi, Linlin Yu, Fang Qin
Research on Operating Condition Effect on the Shock Pulse Method
Ruifeng Zhang, Jianshe Kang, Lishan Hao, Xinghui Zhang, Hongzhi Teng,
Haiping Li
5387-5391
PDF
5392-5398
PDF
Research of Blind Forensics Algorithm on Digital Image Tampering
Hongying Jin
A New Digital Image Hiding Algorithm Based on Wavelet Packet
Transform and Singular Value Decomposition
Yueli Cui, Shiqing Zhang, Zhigang Chen, Wei Zheng
The Navel Orange Sugar and Acidity Quantitative Prediction Model
Optimization Research by Second Generation Wavelet Transform
Zhao Ke, Yang Han, Wang Zhong, Wang Qi
5399-5407
PDF
5408-5413
PDF
5414-5419
PDF
Study of Additive Dither on Restraining Signal Truncation Error
Tao Liu, Shulin Tian, Zhigang Wang, Lianping Guo
Stochastic Synchronization of Neutral-Type Chaotic Markovian Neural
Networks with Impulsive Effects
Cheng-De Zheng, Xixi Lv
5420-5429
PDF
5430-5437
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Image segmentation Based on Chaotic Quantum Ant Colony
Algorithm
Li Jiying, Dang Jianwu, Wang Yangping, Wang Xiaopeng
QC LDPC Codes for MIMO and Cooperative Networks using Two Way
Normalized Min-Sum Decoding
Waheed Ullah, Yang Fengfan, Abid Yahya
Performance Analysis of A Hybrid Mimo Technique for High Rate
Wireless Communication System
Kehinde Odeyemi, Erastus Ogunti
PDF
5438-5447
PDF
5448-5457
PDF
5458-5468
PDF
Rateless Codes Design Scheme Based on Two Stages
Yunji Li, Xiaolong Yang, Keping Long
An ICVBPNN Algorithm for Time-varying Channel Tracking and
Prediction
Sufang Li, Mingyan Jiang, Dongfeng Yuan
5469-5475
PDF
5476-5483
PDF
A Survey on Clustering Routing Protocols Based on PSO in WSN
Enyan Sun
Variable Step Size Blind Equalization based on Sign Gradient
Algorithm
Ying Xiao, Fuliang Yin
Spatial Characteristics of Wireless Channel in Tunnel with Imperfect
Walls
Yi Zhang, Zhao Xu, Bo-Ming Song, Yu Huo
Analysis and Design of Complementary Ring Type Metamaterial Filter
in THz Wave Domain
Wu Pan, Jun Chen, Tianbo Duo, Zichen Liu
5484-5490
PDF
5491-5498
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5499-5507
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5508-5513
PDF
A Study of Cognitive Technology OFDM System and Frame Structure
Hua Hou, Wei Zhang
Mathematical Programming Model on Joint and Recovery of Paper
Scrap
Zhixia JIANG, Haifeng LUO, Jianjun YANG, Zhengqiang WEN
Sequence Clustering Algorithm Based on Weighed Sequential Pattern
Similarity
Di Wu, Jiadong Ren
Performance Analysis of Pathfinding Algorithms Based On Map
Distribution
Yan Li, Zhenhua Zhou, Wenju Zhao
Fuzzy c-Means and Mean Shift Algorithm for 3DPoint Clouds
Denoising
Tongguang Ni, Xiaoqing Gu, Hongyuan Wang
Measurement Method of the Grain Quantity Based on The Ground
Pressure
Fan Chao, Zhang Dexian, Yang Tiejun, Fu Hongliang
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set Based Task Scheduling with QoS Preference
Awareness
Juan Wang
5514-5521
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5522-5528
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5529-5536
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5537-5545
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5546-5551
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5552-5558
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5559-5566
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Reduction on Propositional Logic Set based on Correlation Analysis
Zhi Huilai
Construction of Geological Knowledge-based Systems of Railway
Route Selection
Lv Xikui, Zhou Xiaoping, He Bin
5567-5574
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5575-5584
PDF
Polygraph Survey and Evaluation Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Zhixia Jiang, Yibo Liu, Pinchao Meng
Construction Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network based on
Centralized Clustering Routing and Time Division Multiplexing MAC
Protocol
5585-5590
PDF
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Shitao Yan, Mianrong Yang
5591-5598
PDF
Key Internet of Things Technology and Application Research
Xu Bing
5599-5602
Implementation of Input-Process-Output Model for Measuring
Information System Project Success
A'ang Subiyakto, Abd. Rahman Ahlan
Detecting Rice Growth Using ALOS Multispectral and Synthetic
Aperture Radar
Bambang Hendro Trisasongko, Dyah Retno Panuju, La Ode Syamsul Iman
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5603-5612
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5613-5620
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Object Tracking Based on Multiple Features Adaptive Fusion
Jie Cao, Leilei Guo, Jinhua Wang, Di Wu
5621-5628
PDF
A Study of a New Intelligent Key System for Substation
Dan Chen, Yefei Yue, Hongfen Jiang, Xiaorong Zhao, Liyuan Wang
Information Technology Governance Archetype in an Indonesian
University
Riza Afriza Islami, I Made Sukarsa, I Ketut Adi Purnawan
Digital Image Stabilization Based on Improved Scale Invariant
Feature Transform
Xiaoran Guo, Shaohui Cui, Dan Fang
5629-5635
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5636-5644
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5645-5654
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Sketching Expert System for Crime Investigation Purposes
Bagus Yudistira, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra, Anak Agung Kompyang Oka Sudana
Key Technology on Middleware-based Dynamic Traffic Information
Platform
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Hypertension Expert System with C5.0 Algorithm and Fuzzy Logic
I Gusti Made Ngurah Ardi Yasa, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra, Ni Md Ika Marini
Mandenni
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5569-5677
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Framework of Software Testing Based on Cloud Computing
Yang Bensehng, Yuan Xiangmeng, Huang Xiaoguang
5678-5684
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Application of Boosting Algorithm in Spam Filtration
Wencheng Gu
Partitioning of Oracle Application in Structured Electronic Medical
Records
Chaundi Pan, Jiandong Hu, Jian Shi
5685-5692
PDF
5693-5698
ISSN: 2087-278X
CONTACT:
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)
email: [email protected], [email protected].
Copyright © 2012 IAES Intitute of Advanced Engineering and Science
07/08/2014 12:49
TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering
Vol.12, No.7, July 2014, pp. 5655 ~ 5660
DOI: 10.11591/telkomnika.v12i7.5726
5655
Sketching Expert System for Crime Investigation
Purposes
Made Bagus Yudistira*1, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra2, Anak Agung Kompyang Oka Sudana3
Department of Information Technology, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali, Indonesia, Telp. 0361-7853533
1
2
*Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] , [email protected] ,
3
[email protected]
Abstract
The presence of police sketcher play an important role in making investigation in purpose of
making arrestment to fugitive or suspect. The lacking presence of police sketcher is making a lack in
investigation process, because lack of information gathered for the further process. This limitation is
overcome by developing an expert system using gadget as a helping device to making sketch, with adding
sketcher knowledge. Sketching method already been used since long time in process of investigation and
effective making the result. The results of expert system on the case have given showing the system to
real object which made sketching reach 85% of accuracy level.
Keyword: expert system, desktop based, sketch, crime
Copyright © 2014 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Crime in the 21st century have increased and developed. Criminal rate as time goes by,
getting more arises and yet the criminal is still cannot be put in jail. The presence of witnesses
around the scene is very helpful in solving criminal cases by providing information regarding the
events take place, and the people who were involved around the scene of the crime that would
be a contributing factor solves a case.
Further obstacles faced by investigators is to describe the faces of people involved
based on a characteristic described by witnesses to media images that can later help the
investigation. Lacking of human resources as a police sketcher is also a flaw of the investigation
process.
Face recognition one of the primary biometric technologies became more important
owing to rapid advances in technologies such as digital cameras, Internet and mobile devices
and increased demands on security. Face recognition has several advantages over other
biometric technologies, it is natural, non intrusive and easy to use. But face recognition is one of
the challenging problems in research, till now there is no unique solution for all face recognition
applications [1-2]. The wide range of variations in human face due to view point, pose,
illumination and expression deteriorate the recognition performance of the Face recognition
systems. But everyone accept that the face recognition system is good, if it has less
computational complexity, good recognition performance and occupies less memory.
Biometric recognition system is a system that uses the unique characteristics of each
individual. This system is more reliable than the token inclusion and recognition of knowledge.
Each individual has a different physiological characteristic and behavioral characteristic.
Physiological characteristic is relatively stable physical characteristic like a fingerprint, iris, face,
and hand geometry. While behavioral characteristics such as voice and signature are influenced
by the psychological condition that easily changed. A lot of developers have developed the
recognition system based on physical or physiological characteristics [3-6].
In the development process of data investigation, the process of information retrieval
from witness is very important. One of those information is of the faces of whoever involved or
happen to be at the crime scene, which in may be a witness or a suspect. An arrestment
process would be helped if the description made by witness is easily recognizable or closely
look like the suspected person. The process of making sketches of faces, require the factors of
Received November 21, 2013; Revised February 18, 2014; Accepted March 6, 2014
5656
ISSN: 2302-4046
the sketcher, which include the expertise of a sketcher, the availability of time, and also the
emotional state of the artist. In addition, it is also necessary skills of sketcher to translate the
description given by witness to media images [7-8]. The reason above is why the available of
police sketcher is important, and by lacking of it, will make investigation process be incomplete.
By applying simulation application as a media to processing face sketch , then the
process will be completed faster, so that will help the whole process of investigation. Expert
system is one outgrowth of technology developed with the aim to mimic the ability of an expert
in a particular field [9].
Researches related to expert systems have been done with several research objects as
follows. Max Ischenko develop web based sketching application. By that application user can
make faces sketch using templates from the application. The application used to user to able to
make face sketch as if been done by police sketcher. The application has been used as
entertainment purpose and not been used for investigation [10].
IQ Beometrix develop model of an expert system for making face sketch based on
model created by Max Ischenko application. The model is constructed consisted of windowed
application with each window consist of templates. The model was tested and now currently
used in mostly Law Enforcer in United States, and already making several arrestments [11].
In spring of 2003, the Fresno County Sheriff’s Department faced difficult investigation of
rape involving prostitutes until one of the victims agreed to work with the detective. Using a
expert system for making sketch, the composite sketch was distributed to Police patrol unit, and
within two days a man was apprehended and charged with several counts of kidnap and rape
[11]
A 29-year-old suspect was arrested by Broward County, Florida police shortly after
America’s Most Wanted TV show aired a face sketch made by expert system. Prior to the Oct.
1998 AMW broadcast, several sketches of the suspect had been hand-drawn, but provided few
clues for police. Deputy John McMahon of the Broward County Sheriff’s Office, working closely
with young victims, utilized expert system police sketch generator to compose a picture quality
composite of the suspect. Soon after the sketch appeared on America’s Most Wanted, a woman
contacted police, saying the portrait was that of her son. A suspect was arrested within hours,
and charged with sexually assaulting an 11-year-old girl and attempting to abduct 10 other girls
in Florida [11].
2. Research Method
System is a implementation of both application that had been created before using
buttons, as a parameter for switching object interface, a windowed figure to make the
application user friendly, and templates for making the sketch. The data used for making the
sketch template are sketch of parts in head gained from knowledge of a sketcher in *.png
extension.
2.1. Knowledge Acquisition
The knowledge acquired from the literature and single expert, it is all including hair,
head, eyes, nose, mouth, jaw, and other facial figure such as beard, mustache, freckle, and age
mark. All of those placed in a windowed form and separated based in category.
2.2. Knowledge Representation
Knowledge of all sketching method from the expert represented in a sketch form divided
by its category. Each of categories will be presented in windowed form, and each window will be
showed according to button chosen represented on interface, so all of the buttons will
representing the categories. All of categories will be placed in layer according to the placement,
which mean the full output will be combination of all sketch of each categories be in one sketch
in stack. Using Java programming to modeling the application, and will divide all of the
templates to each layers [12-13]. The model of knowledge representation are shown below.
TELKOMNIKA Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2014: 5655 – 5660
TELKOMNIKA
ISSN: 2302-4046
5657
Figure 1. Window and Templates behind Main Frame
Each of the windowed form will contain a category representing on its figure, and each
category will consisting some of sketch representing the sketch that will be drawn in the main
canvas. Each of category will be shown as figure below.
Figure 2. Object of each Category
3. Result and Discussion
The purpose of testing these applications is to determine the effectiveness and
performance of applications that have been made. This test will be able to provide a conclusion
on how effective the method that allows to solve the problems that exist and how well the
performance implemented.
3.1. System Platform
Expert system developed desktop based platform using some software such as Adobe
Photoshop to build the knowledge base, Java Script, Adobe Flash Professional to build the
application and design interface.
3.2. System Structure
3.2.1. Knowledge Acquisition
The acquisition of knowledge is the development environment used by the knowledge
engineer to acquire the knowledge of single expert as the source. In this expert system
development, knowledge acquisition is done through interviews with police sketcher, and
supported by literature studies.
3.2.2. Knowledge Base
Knowledge base is a development environment used by the knowledge engineer to
represent the knowledge that gained from the acquisition of knowledge. The fact are consisting
the form of physical characteristic of head, eyes, hair, nose jaw, eyebrow and other detail such
as mole, freckle, and scar mark in sketch. The rules are made by combining the facts above.
Knowledge base built in the form of some window displayed, such as window of hair, window of
head, window of eyes, window of nose and others.
Sketching Expert System for Crime Investigation Purposes (Made Bagus Yudistira)
5658
ISSN: 2302-4046
3.2.3. User Interface
The interface is an environmental consultancy that is intended for users to choose from
option available in the expert system which one the most suitable by the reference. The option
will be shown in form of window, which each window will be showing figure of each category. In
each window will be showing figure that resemblance of sketch which will be chosen by user.
3.2.4. Interface Engine
The inference engine uses windowed figure to create the interface which can be chosen
by user, and the result of the chosen option in other window placed side by side each other.
Source of that all figure have been established on the basis of knowledge above.
3.2.5. Workplace
Workplace represented in the form of 3 parts, which is buttons, sketch template window,
and result window.
3.2.6. Explanation Facility
The explanation facility provided in the windowed form, first, the system will provide all
the category in buttons, which each button will showing a window representing a category;
second, the window appeared will be containing figures which will chosen by user to show at the
result, each figure representing a sketch same to the figure itself; third, all the chosen figure
from all category will be shown on a result window, and it can be changed all over. The
examples for this facility are shown at Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5
Figure 3. User Interface
Figure 4. Windowed Figure Representing each Sketch
TELKOMNIKA Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2014: 5655 – 5660
TELKOMNIKA
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ISSN: 2302-4046
Figure 5. Sketch Result Compared to Real Person
3.2.7. Knowledge Improvement
Improvement of knowledge can be done if there are additions or changes to the new
category, the change and addition variation, or change of method and theory to do sketching
faces in term of use for police search. Based on any additions or changes, the system will do
the creation of new rules of the sketching and that will be generated.
3.3. System Performance
Developed an expert system testing performed by making a sketch using the expert
system based on real face, then given to respondent to guest which one of many faces in one
picture is the face made by expert system. Table 4 shows that system performance as the result
of the comparison.
Figure
Amunt of Audience
Correct
Wrong
Accuracy (%)
1
100
87
14
87
2
100
83
17
83
3
100
85
15
85
Average of the difference result
85
4. Conclusion
Expert system for making face sketch in purpose of police investigation has been
developed on desktop based platform to receive input in the form of characteristic given by user.
The inputs are physical characteristic value based on real physical characteristic from people
who will be sketched. The system provides output in a form of sketch based on output given by
user the process can be done repeatedly until reaching the output wanted. System testing
results show that the system developed has the similarity with the real picture at 85%.
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Home > Archives > Vol 12, No 7
July 2014
Table of Contents
Improved Information Systems Model for Bangladesh
Jahangir Alam S.M., Hu Guoqing, M. Rabiul Alam, Md. Golam Kibria, Md. Abdul
Malek
4893-4899
Design and Implementation of PV Poultry Incubator Using PLC
Nithin T Abraham, Shaema Lizbeth Mathew, C.A Pradeep Kumar
4900-4904
Communication and Calibraton of Sensing Meters
Harrouz Abdelkader, Omar Harrouz, Ali Benatiallah
Sensitivity Factor Based Optimal Location of SVC on Transmission
Network
T. D. Sudhakar
4905-4914
4915-4923
Modeling of Tunnel Junction (GaAs) in the Cascade Solar Cell
Dennai Benmoussa, Benslimane H, Helmaoui A, Hemmani A
Theoretical Study of Multiple Solar Cells System as a Function of
4924-4927
07/08/2014 12:49
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Temperature
Ben Slimane Hassane, Ben Moussa Dennai, Helmaoui Abderrachid
4928-4933
Behavior of DFIG Wind Turbine During Unbalanced Grid Voltage
Omer Elfaki, Wang Zezhong, Liu Qihui
Study on the Acceptance Test Specification of Grid-connected
Micro-grid
Le Jian, Tao Mao, Yang Zhichun, Liu Yang, Liu Kaipei
A Reliability Evaluation of High Speed Railway Traction Substation
Based on the GO-FLOW Methodology
Li Liang, Feng Zhao, Sihua Wang
Research on Zigbee Network Temperature Sensor in Intelligent
High-Voltage Switch Cabinet
Xin-bo Huang, Yang Zhao, Xiao-hui Zhao, Zhi-jun Liao
Short-Term Prediction of Wind Power Based on an Improved PSO
Neural Network
Hong Zhang, Guo Zhao, Lixing Chen, Bailiang Liu
An approach for Assessing Harmonic Emission Level Based on Robust
Partial Least Squares Regression
Xiang Li, Minyou Chen, Yongwei Zheng, Shan Cheng, Feng Li
4934-4943
4944-4953
4954-4962
4963-4972
4973-4980
4981-4987
Electromagnetic-thermal Scale Model of Gas-Insulated Bus Bars
Hongtao Li, Naiqiu Shu, Ling Li, Hui Peng, Zipin Li
4988-4995
A Design of Rapid Pulsed Intelligent Charging Circuit
Zhang Lefang, Li Xiaohong, Ren Zhihong
Three-Dimensional Thermal Analysis of Three-Phase Enclosed GIS
Bus Bars
Hongtao Li, Naiqiu Shu, Ling Li
Analysis of Weak Position in Overhead line under Heavy Icing
Condition by Finite Element Method
Gan Yan, Liu Chao, Ruan Jiangjun, Li Jinliang, Du Zhiye, Hu Yuanchao
A Novel SSR Mitigation Method Based on GCSC in DFIG with Series
Connected Compensator
Zakieldeen Elhassan, Li Yang, Tang Yi
4996-5002
5003-5010
5011-5021
5022-5036
Dynamic characteristics analysis of WEDM based on Ansys and LMS
Jingxing Qi, Changtao Cai, Zhixing Mao, Dongdong Luo
5037-5043
The 3D Modeling of Cutting Force in High-speed Milling for Flat Mill
Yueqi Guan, Hanqing Guan, Gaosheng Wang, Ping Yuan
Multi-Area Automatic Generation Control Scheme including Renewable
Energy Sources
Sandeep Bhongade, Barjeev Tyagi, H.O. Gupta
Effect of Contamination on Electric Field Distribution of DC Voltage
Divider
Caibo Liao, Ruan Jiangjun, Du Zhiye, Liu Chao
A Harmonic Analysis Method Based on Harris Window for Digital
Substation
Luo Hanwu
Determining LBMP through Optimal Power Flow in the Electric Power
Business
Hermagasantos Zein, Yusra Sabri, Erwin Dermawan
Transformer State Assessment Method Based on Fuzzy and Evidence
Theories
Xie Jianghong, Wang Haipeng, Nie Dexin, Song You, Cai Wei
Implementation of Smart Metering Systems: Challenges and
Solutions
Hossein Shahinzadeh, Ayla Hasanalizadeh-Khosroshahi
An Exact Model for Rotor Field-Oriented Control of Single-Phase
5044-5051
5052-5070
5071-5077
5078-5085
5086-5095
5096-5103
5104-5109
07/08/2014 12:49
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Induction Motors
Mohammad Jannati, Ali Monadi, Sajad A. Anbaran, Nik Rumzi Nik Idris, Mohd
Junaidi Abdul Aziz
5110-5120
Solution Trajectories for a Single-Phase Programmed PWM Inverter
Ayong Hiendro, Syaifurrahman Syaifurrahman, Dedi Triyanto, Junaidi Junaidi
Investigating the Effect of Different PWM Modes on Ripple Reduction
in Five-Phase BLDC Motor with New Method
Seyed Mohsen Mirbagheri, Seyed Sajjad Salehi GHalehsefid, Seyed Mohammad
Hossein Mousavi
5121-5128
5129-5136
dsPIC33 Based Control for PV-Grid System with a Buck-Boost MPPT
Slamet Riyadi
5137-5143
Direct Virtual Power Control
Li Xiang, Han Minxiao
5144-5153
Power Loss Research on IGCT-applied NPC Three-level Converter
Dong Xu, MinXiao Han, Lei Wan
Design and Simulation Low Voltage Single-Phase Transformerless
Photovoltaic Inverter
Rajendra R Aparnathi, Ved Vyas Dwivedi
5154-5162
5163-5173
Circuit Design of Digital Closed Loop Control System for FOG
Qiudong Sun, Yufeng Shao, Jiancun Zuo, Liandong Wang, Lin Gui
5174-5184
The Transmission Properties of Coated THz Teflon Tube
Wu Pan, Tian bo Duo, Zichen Liu, Jun Chen
5185-5190
Digital Image Storage System Based on USB and NAND Flash
Yongjun Cui, Wei Liu
Design of 3-Bit ADC in 0.18 µm CMOS Process
Mohammad Marufuzzaman, Syarizal Z. Abidin, Mamun Bin Ibne Reaz, Labonnah
Farzana Rahman
5191-5196
5197-5203
An Improved A Low Power CMOS TIQ Comparator Flash ADC
A Al, Mamun B. Ibne Reaz, J. Jalil, Mohd. Alauddin Bin Mohd. Ali
Red (SrCa)AlSiN3:Eu2+ Nitride Phosphor Particle Size of Phosphor
Converted Warm White LEDs
Peng Hui Yuen, Hsien Shiung Hwang, Mutharasu Devarajan
Optimal Feedback Control of Vehicle Vibration with Eight Degrees of
Freedom
Ali Hemati, Mehdi Tajdari, Ahmadreza Khoogar
Simplifications of the Rule base for the stabilization of Inverted
Pendulum System
Tharwat O. S. Hanafy, Mohamed K Metwally
5204-5210
5211-5216
5217-5224
5225-5234
Wavelet Kernel Based on Identification for Nonlinear Hybrid Systems
Hamid Nourisola
Delay Separated Neural Network Inverse Control in Main-Steam
Temperature System
Lingfang Sun, Yihang Li, Dan Li
Adaptive Hybrid Synchronization of Lorenz-84 System with Uncertain
Parameters
Edwin Albert Umoh
Identification of Nonlinear System Based on Fuzzy Model with
Enhanced Gradient Search
Arbab Nighat Khizer, Dai Yaping, Amir Mahmood Soomro, Xu Xiang Yang
5235-5243
5244-5250
5251-5260
5261-5267
A New Anti-Windup PI Controller for Direct Torque Control System
Li Qi Meng, Miao Jing Li
5268-5274
07/08/2014 12:49
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Dynamic Sliding Mode Control of Ship Rudder-fin Joint Nonlinear
System
Han Yao zhen
Adaptive Neural Network Approach for a Class of Uncertain Non-affine
Nonlinear Systems
Hui Hu, Yingjun Wang, Xilong qu
SISO P-ILC Algorithm for Output Data Dropouts and Its Application in
Wastewater Biological Treatment Plant
Gu Qun, Hao Xiaohong, Li Zhuoyue, Wang Hua
5275-5283
5284-5292
5293-5297
Wind-Induced Vibration Analysis of Overhead Working Truck
Hongqi Jiang, Shuncai Li, Xianbiao Mao
Anti-interference Tracking Methods of Maneuvering Target for
Structure Random Jump Systems
Jianfeng Wu, Shucai Huang, Xiaoyan Wu, Yu Zhong, Hongxia Kang, Chengjing Li
Algorithm of Multi Sensor Data Fusion based on BP Neural Network
and Multi-scale Model Predictive Control
Guo Wang, Dong Dai
5298-5304
5305-5315
5316-5323
Sensor Fusion via Brain Emotional Learning for Ground Vehicle
Alvaro Vargas-Clara, Sangram Redkar
A Virtual Physics-based Approach to Multiple Odor Sources
Localization
Xiaoping Ma, Yuli Zhang, Yanzi Miao
Dynamic Error Analysis of CMM Based on Variance Analysis and
Improved PLSR
Zhang Mei, Cheng Fang, Li Guihua
Design of Decentralized Controller for Interactive Processes through
Relative Frequency Array
R.Hanuma Naik, D.V. Ashok Kumar, K.S.R. Anjaneyulu
Controlled Synchronization by Limited Capacity Communication
Channel
Ziqi Dong, Yongchun Liu, Da Lin
5324-5330
5331-5341
5342-5349
5350-5361
5362-5367
Characteristics Analysis and Detection Algorithm of Mosquitoes
Jahangir Alam S.M., Hu Guoqing, Cheng Chen
Multi-user Detection Based on Gaussian Sum Particle Filter in
Impulsive Noise
Li Zhihui, xian Jin-Long
5368-5378
5379-5386
Study on Mahalanobis Discriminant Analysis of EEG Data
Yuan Shi, Linlin Yu, Fang Qin
Research on Operating Condition Effect on the Shock Pulse Method
Ruifeng Zhang, Jianshe Kang, Lishan Hao, Xinghui Zhang, Hongzhi Teng,
Haiping Li
5387-5391
5392-5398
Research of Blind Forensics Algorithm on Digital Image Tampering
Hongying Jin
A New Digital Image Hiding Algorithm Based on Wavelet Packet
Transform and Singular Value Decomposition
Yueli Cui, Shiqing Zhang, Zhigang Chen, Wei Zheng
The Navel Orange Sugar and Acidity Quantitative Prediction Model
Optimization Research by Second Generation Wavelet Transform
Zhao Ke, Yang Han, Wang Zhong, Wang Qi
5399-5407
5408-5413
5414-5419
Study of Additive Dither on Restraining Signal Truncation Error
Tao Liu, Shulin Tian, Zhigang Wang, Lianping Guo
Stochastic Synchronization of Neutral-Type Chaotic Markovian Neural
Networks with Impulsive Effects
Cheng-De Zheng, Xixi Lv
5420-5429
5430-5437
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Image segmentation Based on Chaotic Quantum Ant Colony
Algorithm
Li Jiying, Dang Jianwu, Wang Yangping, Wang Xiaopeng
QC LDPC Codes for MIMO and Cooperative Networks using Two Way
Normalized Min-Sum Decoding
Waheed Ullah, Yang Fengfan, Abid Yahya
Performance Analysis of A Hybrid Mimo Technique for High Rate
Wireless Communication System
Kehinde Odeyemi, Erastus Ogunti
5438-5447
5448-5457
5458-5468
Rateless Codes Design Scheme Based on Two Stages
Yunji Li, Xiaolong Yang, Keping Long
An ICVBPNN Algorithm for Time-varying Channel Tracking and
Prediction
Sufang Li, Mingyan Jiang, Dongfeng Yuan
5469-5475
5476-5483
A Survey on Clustering Routing Protocols Based on PSO in WSN
Enyan Sun
Variable Step Size Blind Equalization based on Sign Gradient
Algorithm
Ying Xiao, Fuliang Yin
Spatial Characteristics of Wireless Channel in Tunnel with Imperfect
Walls
Yi Zhang, Zhao Xu, Bo-Ming Song, Yu Huo
Analysis and Design of Complementary Ring Type Metamaterial Filter
in THz Wave Domain
Wu Pan, Jun Chen, Tianbo Duo, Zichen Liu
5484-5490
5491-5498
5499-5507
5508-5513
A Study of Cognitive Technology OFDM System and Frame Structure
Hua Hou, Wei Zhang
Mathematical Programming Model on Joint and Recovery of Paper
Scrap
Zhixia JIANG, Haifeng LUO, Jianjun YANG, Zhengqiang WEN
Sequence Clustering Algorithm Based on Weighed Sequential Pattern
Similarity
Di Wu, Jiadong Ren
Performance Analysis of Pathfinding Algorithms Based On Map
Distribution
Yan Li, Zhenhua Zhou, Wenju Zhao
Fuzzy c-Means and Mean Shift Algorithm for 3DPoint Clouds
Denoising
Tongguang Ni, Xiaoqing Gu, Hongyuan Wang
Measurement Method of the Grain Quantity Based on The Ground
Pressure
Fan Chao, Zhang Dexian, Yang Tiejun, Fu Hongliang
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set Based Task Scheduling with QoS Preference
Awareness
Juan Wang
5514-5521
5522-5528
5529-5536
5537-5545
5546-5551
5552-5558
5559-5566
Reduction on Propositional Logic Set based on Correlation Analysis
Zhi Huilai
Construction of Geological Knowledge-based Systems of Railway
Route Selection
Lv Xikui, Zhou Xiaoping, He Bin
5567-5574
5575-5584
Polygraph Survey and Evaluation Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Zhixia Jiang, Yibo Liu, Pinchao Meng
Construction Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network based on
Centralized Clustering Routing and Time Division Multiplexing MAC
Protocol
5585-5590
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Shitao Yan, Mianrong Yang
5591-5598
Key Internet of Things Technology and Application Research
Xu Bing
5599-5602
Implementation of Input-Process-Output Model for Measuring
Information System Project Success
A'ang Subiyakto, Abd. Rahman Ahlan
Detecting Rice Growth Using ALOS Multispectral and Synthetic
Aperture Radar
Bambang Hendro Trisasongko, Dyah Retno Panuju, La Ode Syamsul Iman
5603-5612
5613-5620
Object Tracking Based on Multiple Features Adaptive Fusion
Jie Cao, Leilei Guo, Jinhua Wang, Di Wu
5621-5628
A Study of a New Intelligent Key System for Substation
Dan Chen, Yefei Yue, Hongfen Jiang, Xiaorong Zhao, Liyuan Wang
Information Technology Governance Archetype in an Indonesian
University
Riza Afriza Islami, I Made Sukarsa, I Ketut Adi Purnawan
Digital Image Stabilization Based on Improved Scale Invariant
Feature Transform
Xiaoran Guo, Shaohui Cui, Dan Fang
5629-5635
5636-5644
5645-5654
Sketching Expert System for Crime Investigation Purposes
Bagus Yudistira, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra, Anak Agung Kompyang Oka Sudana
Key Technology on Middleware-based Dynamic Traffic Information
Platform
Lei Wu, Tai Yang, Licai Yang
Hypertension Expert System with C5.0 Algorithm and Fuzzy Logic
I Gusti Made Ngurah Ardi Yasa, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra, Ni Md Ika Marini
Mandenni
5655-5660
5661-5568
5569-5677
Framework of Software Testing Based on Cloud Computing
Yang Bensehng, Yuan Xiangmeng, Huang Xiaoguang
5678-5684
Application of Boosting Algorithm in Spam Filtration
Wencheng Gu
Partitioning of Oracle Application in Structured Electronic Medical
Records
Chaundi Pan, Jiandong Hu, Jian Shi
5685-5692
5693-5698
ISSN: 2087-278X
CONTACT:
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)
email: [email protected], [email protected].
Copyright © 2012 IAES Intitute of Advanced Engineering and Science
07/08/2014 12:49
TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering
Vol.12, No.7, July 2014, pp. 5655 ~ 5660
DOI: 10.11591/telkomnika.v12i7.5726
5655
Sketching Expert System for Crime Investigation
Purposes
Made Bagus Yudistira*1, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra2, Anak Agung Kompyang Oka Sudana3
Department of Information Technology, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali, Indonesia, Telp. 0361-7853533
1
2
*Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] , [email protected] ,
3
[email protected]
Abstract
The presence of police sketcher play an important role in making investigation in purpose of
making arrestment to fugitive or suspect. The lacking presence of police sketcher is making a lack in
investigation process, because lack of information gathered for the further process. This limitation is
overcome by developing an expert system using gadget as a helping device to making sketch, with adding
sketcher knowledge. Sketching method already been used since long time in process of investigation and
effective making the result. The results of expert system on the case have given showing the system to
real object which made sketching reach 85% of accuracy level.
Keyword: expert system, desktop based, sketch, crime
Copyright © 2014 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Crime in the 21st century have increased and developed. Criminal rate as time goes by,
getting more arises and yet the criminal is still cannot be put in jail. The presence of witnesses
around the scene is very helpful in solving criminal cases by providing information regarding the
events take place, and the people who were involved around the scene of the crime that would
be a contributing factor solves a case.
Further obstacles faced by investigators is to describe the faces of people involved
based on a characteristic described by witnesses to media images that can later help the
investigation. Lacking of human resources as a police sketcher is also a flaw of the investigation
process.
Face recognition one of the primary biometric technologies became more important
owing to rapid advances in technologies such as digital cameras, Internet and mobile devices
and increased demands on security. Face recognition has several advantages over other
biometric technologies, it is natural, non intrusive and easy to use. But face recognition is one of
the challenging problems in research, till now there is no unique solution for all face recognition
applications [1-2]. The wide range of variations in human face due to view point, pose,
illumination and expression deteriorate the recognition performance of the Face recognition
systems. But everyone accept that the face recognition system is good, if it has less
computational complexity, good recognition performance and occupies less memory.
Biometric recognition system is a system that uses the unique characteristics of each
individual. This system is more reliable than the token inclusion and recognition of knowledge.
Each individual has a different physiological characteristic and behavioral characteristic.
Physiological characteristic is relatively stable physical characteristic like a fingerprint, iris, face,
and hand geometry. While behavioral characteristics such as voice and signature are influenced
by the psychological condition that easily changed. A lot of developers have developed the
recognition system based on physical or physiological characteristics [3-6].
In the development process of data investigation, the process of information retrieval
from witness is very important. One of those information is of the faces of whoever involved or
happen to be at the crime scene, which in may be a witness or a suspect. An arrestment
process would be helped if the description made by witness is easily recognizable or closely
look like the suspected person. The process of making sketches of faces, require the factors of
Received November 21, 2013; Revised February 18, 2014; Accepted March 6, 2014
5656
ISSN: 2302-4046
the sketcher, which include the expertise of a sketcher, the availability of time, and also the
emotional state of the artist. In addition, it is also necessary skills of sketcher to translate the
description given by witness to media images [7-8]. The reason above is why the available of
police sketcher is important, and by lacking of it, will make investigation process be incomplete.
By applying simulation application as a media to processing face sketch , then the
process will be completed faster, so that will help the whole process of investigation. Expert
system is one outgrowth of technology developed with the aim to mimic the ability of an expert
in a particular field [9].
Researches related to expert systems have been done with several research objects as
follows. Max Ischenko develop web based sketching application. By that application user can
make faces sketch using templates from the application. The application used to user to able to
make face sketch as if been done by police sketcher. The application has been used as
entertainment purpose and not been used for investigation [10].
IQ Beometrix develop model of an expert system for making face sketch based on
model created by Max Ischenko application. The model is constructed consisted of windowed
application with each window consist of templates. The model was tested and now currently
used in mostly Law Enforcer in United States, and already making several arrestments [11].
In spring of 2003, the Fresno County Sheriff’s Department faced difficult investigation of
rape involving prostitutes until one of the victims agreed to work with the detective. Using a
expert system for making sketch, the composite sketch was distributed to Police patrol unit, and
within two days a man was apprehended and charged with several counts of kidnap and rape
[11]
A 29-year-old suspect was arrested by Broward County, Florida police shortly after
America’s Most Wanted TV show aired a face sketch made by expert system. Prior to the Oct.
1998 AMW broadcast, several sketches of the suspect had been hand-drawn, but provided few
clues for police. Deputy John McMahon of the Broward County Sheriff’s Office, working closely
with young victims, utilized expert system police sketch generator to compose a picture quality
composite of the suspect. Soon after the sketch appeared on America’s Most Wanted, a woman
contacted police, saying the portrait was that of her son. A suspect was arrested within hours,
and charged with sexually assaulting an 11-year-old girl and attempting to abduct 10 other girls
in Florida [11].
2. Research Method
System is a implementation of both application that had been created before using
buttons, as a parameter for switching object interface, a windowed figure to make the
application user friendly, and templates for making the sketch. The data used for making the
sketch template are sketch of parts in head gained from knowledge of a sketcher in *.png
extension.
2.1. Knowledge Acquisition
The knowledge acquired from the literature and single expert, it is all including hair,
head, eyes, nose, mouth, jaw, and other facial figure such as beard, mustache, freckle, and age
mark. All of those placed in a windowed form and separated based in category.
2.2. Knowledge Representation
Knowledge of all sketching method from the expert represented in a sketch form divided
by its category. Each of categories will be presented in windowed form, and each window will be
showed according to button chosen represented on interface, so all of the buttons will
representing the categories. All of categories will be placed in layer according to the placement,
which mean the full output will be combination of all sketch of each categories be in one sketch
in stack. Using Java programming to modeling the application, and will divide all of the
templates to each layers [12-13]. The model of knowledge representation are shown below.
TELKOMNIKA Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2014: 5655 – 5660
TELKOMNIKA
ISSN: 2302-4046
5657
Figure 1. Window and Templates behind Main Frame
Each of the windowed form will contain a category representing on its figure, and each
category will consisting some of sketch representing the sketch that will be drawn in the main
canvas. Each of category will be shown as figure below.
Figure 2. Object of each Category
3. Result and Discussion
The purpose of testing these applications is to determine the effectiveness and
performance of applications that have been made. This test will be able to provide a conclusion
on how effective the method that allows to solve the problems that exist and how well the
performance implemented.
3.1. System Platform
Expert system developed desktop based platform using some software such as Adobe
Photoshop to build the knowledge base, Java Script, Adobe Flash Professional to build the
application and design interface.
3.2. System Structure
3.2.1. Knowledge Acquisition
The acquisition of knowledge is the development environment used by the knowledge
engineer to acquire the knowledge of single expert as the source. In this expert system
development, knowledge acquisition is done through interviews with police sketcher, and
supported by literature studies.
3.2.2. Knowledge Base
Knowledge base is a development environment used by the knowledge engineer to
represent the knowledge that gained from the acquisition of knowledge. The fact are consisting
the form of physical characteristic of head, eyes, hair, nose jaw, eyebrow and other detail such
as mole, freckle, and scar mark in sketch. The rules are made by combining the facts above.
Knowledge base built in the form of some window displayed, such as window of hair, window of
head, window of eyes, window of nose and others.
Sketching Expert System for Crime Investigation Purposes (Made Bagus Yudistira)
5658
ISSN: 2302-4046
3.2.3. User Interface
The interface is an environmental consultancy that is intended for users to choose from
option available in the expert system which one the most suitable by the reference. The option
will be shown in form of window, which each window will be showing figure of each category. In
each window will be showing figure that resemblance of sketch which will be chosen by user.
3.2.4. Interface Engine
The inference engine uses windowed figure to create the interface which can be chosen
by user, and the result of the chosen option in other window placed side by side each other.
Source of that all figure have been established on the basis of knowledge above.
3.2.5. Workplace
Workplace represented in the form of 3 parts, which is buttons, sketch template window,
and result window.
3.2.6. Explanation Facility
The explanation facility provided in the windowed form, first, the system will provide all
the category in buttons, which each button will showing a window representing a category;
second, the window appeared will be containing figures which will chosen by user to show at the
result, each figure representing a sketch same to the figure itself; third, all the chosen figure
from all category will be shown on a result window, and it can be changed all over. The
examples for this facility are shown at Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5
Figure 3. User Interface
Figure 4. Windowed Figure Representing each Sketch
TELKOMNIKA Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2014: 5655 – 5660
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ISSN: 2302-4046
Figure 5. Sketch Result Compared to Real Person
3.2.7. Knowledge Improvement
Improvement of knowledge can be done if there are additions or changes to the new
category, the change and addition variation, or change of method and theory to do sketching
faces in term of use for police search. Based on any additions or changes, the system will do
the creation of new rules of the sketching and that will be generated.
3.3. System Performance
Developed an expert system testing performed by making a sketch using the expert
system based on real face, then given to respondent to guest which one of many faces in one
picture is the face made by expert system. Table 4 shows that system performance as the result
of the comparison.
Figure
Amunt of Audience
Correct
Wrong
Accuracy (%)
1
100
87
14
87
2
100
83
17
83
3
100
85
15
85
Average of the difference result
85
4. Conclusion
Expert system for making face sketch in purpose of police investigation has been
developed on desktop based platform to receive input in the form of characteristic given by user.
The inputs are physical characteristic value based on real physical characteristic from people
who will be sketched. The system provides output in a form of sketch based on output given by
user the process can be done repeatedly until reaching the output wanted. System testing
results show that the system developed has the similarity with the real picture at 85%.
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TELKOMNIKA Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2014: 5655 – 5660