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A NEW PARADIGM OF SOCIAL FORESTRY IN INDONESIA

  A NEW PARADIGM OF SOCIAL FORESTRY IN

  INDONESIA SAN AFRI AWANG Profesor, Lecturer of Faculty of Forestry University of Gadjah Mada, Indonesia INTRODUCTION 

  FOREST AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN INDONESIAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ; 

  FOREST AREA IN INDONESIA 120,6 MILLION HECTARES (63,6% TOTAL AREA OF INDONESIA), OTHER PURPOSES FOR NON FOREST PUBLIC LANDS; 

  PRODUCTION FOREST, PROTECTION FOREST, CONSERVATION, AND PEATLANDS 15 MILLION Ha; 

POVERTY AROUND FORESTS AREA;

  

NEED SOLUTIONS BY GOVERNMENT AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS

  FOREST AREA IN INDONESIA Conservation forest (CF) 18,13% 21.902.407 CPF 13.133.580 24,54% Protecton Forest (PF) CF

  29.638.486 11% 21.902.407 Limited Production Forest 18%

  22,22% 26.843.748 (LPF) PrF Production forest(PrF) 24,23% 29.265.410

  29.265.410 24% PF Conversion Production 10,87% 29.638.486 Forest (CPF) 13.133.580 25% LPF 100,00% Jumlah 120.783.631 26.843.748 22%

  • + 63,66 %

FOREST MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA

   PRODUCTION FOREST (PF), THERE ARE 3 MODELS SUCH AS:

  

  1. FOREST CONCESSION : PRIMARY NATURAL FOREST (HPH); PRIVATE SECTORS; 

  

2. FOREST CONCESSION : DEGRADED FOREST AREA TO BE AN INDUSTRIAL

PLANTATION FOREST/HTI, PRIVATE SECTORS; 

  

3. FOREST CONCESSION : SCONDARY FOREST AREA TO BE A RESTORATION

FOREST (RE), PRIVATE SECTOR.

   SITE FOREST MANAGEMENT UNIT (FMU) : 2019 BECAME 600 UNIT, RESPONSIBLE BY LOCAL GOVERNMENT (Production, protection and conservation);

   SOCIAL FORESTRY AREA CAN BE IMPLEMENTED IN THE FMU AREA;

  CONTINUING………..

   PROTECTION FOREST : MANAGED BY FMU PROTECTION (KPHL);

   CONCERVATION FOREST : MANAGED BY FMU CONCERVATION AND NATIONAL PARK AREA;

   PRIVATE OWNED FOREST : FOR NON STATE’S FOREST;

  

HUTAN ADAT BY CUSTOMARY LAW

  

HUTAN DESA BY VILLAGE OFFICER AGENCY

THE IDEA OF AGRARIAN REFORM

NAWACITA (RPJMN 2015

  • – 2019)

  PROVIDED LANDS FOR “TORA “ AND REDISTRIBUTED LANDS AND ASSET LEGISLATION , TOTAL AREA • AROUND 4,1 MILLION HAs

  • IMPROVING COMMUNITIES ACCESS FOR SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAM SUCH AS PARTNERSHIP,

  VILLAGE FORESTS, COMMUNITY PLANTING FORESTS , COMMUNITY FOREST, of 12,7 MILLION HAs

  

INDONESIA’S AGRARIAN REFORM

NATIONAL LAND REFORM PROGRAM (NLRP) / TORA SOCIAL FORESTRY

  ASSET LEGALIZATION ASSET REDISTRIBUTION ACCESS LEGALIZATION

  01

  02

  03 (4,5 Juta Ha) (4,5 Juta Ha)

  2A

  2B

  1A

  1B

SOME CRITERIAS FOR TORA AS LANDREFORM OBJECTS

  (SK MenLHK No.180 tahun 2017) NO CRITERIA

   AREA (Ha)

  1 ALLOCATION OF TORA FROM 20% OF THE FOREST RELEASE FOR SAWIT ESTATE 437.937 (*)

  2 FOREST PRODUCTION IS ALLOWED TO BE CONVERTED DUE TO UNPRODUCTIVE CONDITION 2.169.960

  3 NEW GOVERNMENT PROGRAM FOR MAKING A NEW RICEFIELD AREA 65.363

  4 TRANSMIGRATION AREA AND SOCIAL FACILITATE WHICH HAS APPROVED BY LOCAL GOVERNMENT 514.909

  5 RESETLEMENT, SOCIAL FACILITATION, AND GENERAL FACILITATION 439.116

  6 EXISTING LAND AS A RICE FIELD AND FISHPOND 379.227

  7 DRIED LAND AGRICULTURE AS A SOURCE OF MAIN INCOME FOR PEOPLE 847.038

  Potential TORA Per Provinsi (Ha)

  PERPRES NO. 88 TAHUN 2017 KONSEP PENYELESAIAN PENGUASAAN TANAH DALAM KAWASAN HUTAN TENTANG PENYELESAIAN PENGUASAAN TANAH DALAM KAWASAN HUTAN (Diundangkan pada tanggal 11 September 2017) Perpres No. 88 Tahun 2017 memuat pengaturan sebagai berikut: OBJEK PENYELESAIAN PENGUASAAN KAWASAN HUTAN JENIS PENGUASAAN TANAH YANG DAPAT DISELESAIKAN PEMOHON POLA PENYELESAIAN TAHAPAN PENYELESAIAN

  2. tukar menukar kawasan hutan;

  4

  3

  2

  4. Penerbitan keputusan penyelesaian

  3. Penetapan pola penyelesaian

  2. Verifikasi

  1. Inventarisasi

  1. mengeluarkan bidang tanah dalam kawasan hutan melalui perubahan batas kawasan hutan;

  1. Perorangan

  4. Hutan yang dikelola masyarakat hukum adat

  3. Lahan garapan*

  2. Fasilitas umum/sosial

  1. Permukiman

  4. Masyarakat hukum adat Kawasan hutan yang dapat dilakukan penyelesaian penguasaan tanah merupakan kawasan hutan pada tahap penunjukan kawasan

  3. Badan Sosial/keagamaan*

  2. Instansi*

  1

  TIM PERCEPATAN PPTKH Menko Perekonomian Ketua Menteri KLHK Menteri ATR/BPN Mendagri Sekretaris Kabinet KSP TIM PELAKSANA PPTKH Anggota TIM INVER PPTKH DI TINGKAT PROVINSI Deputi III Anggota Ketua:Deputi III Wakil Ketua: Deputi VI Wakil Sekretari s P emer int ah P u sa t P emer Tugas dan Peran TIM PERCEPATAN PPTKH

  • Melakukan koordinasi dan sinkronisasi pelaksanaan PPTKH
  • Menetapkan kebijakan dalam PPTKH
  • Menetapkan luas maksimum bidang tanah
  • Menetapkan mekanisme resattlement
  • Melakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian pelaksanaan PPTKH
  • Melakukan fasilitasi penyediaan anggaran dalam PPTKH

  Tugas dan Peran TIM PELAKSANA PPTKH

  • Melakukan koordinasi teknis pelaksanaan

  PPTKH

  • Menyusun langkah-langkah dalam pelaksanaan PPTKH
  • Membantu Tim Percepatan PPTKH dalam melaksanakan pengawasan dan pengendalian
  • Menyusun dan menyampaikan rekomendasi atas penyelesaian hambatan
  • Dirjen Pengendalian Daerah Aliran Sungai dan
  • Dirjen Penataan Agraria • Deputi Bidang Perekonomian • Dirjen Pengelolaan Hutan Produksi Lestari • Dirjen Bina Administrasi Kewilayahan • Dirjen Bina Pemerintahan Desa

    • Tim Pelaksana PPTKH dapat dibantu oleh kelompok kerja.

  Tugas dan Peran TIM INVER PPTKH

  Sosial, Ekologi, dan Budaya Strategis NOTE

  Hutan Lindung

  • Menerima pendaftaran permohonan inventarisasi dan verifikasi dari Bupati/Walikota Sekretaris Staf Ahli Hubungan Ekonomi dan kemaritiman Staf Ahli Hubungan Ekonomi dan Politik, Hukum, dan Keamanan • Dirjen Planologi • Dirjen Penegakan Hukum • Deputi Bidang Informasi Geospasial Tematik • Dirjen Konservasi SDA dan Ekosistem • Dirjen Tata Ruang • Deputi Bidang Kajian dan Pengelolaan Isu-isu

  Gubernur STRUKTUR ORGANISASI – TIM PERCEPATAN, TIM PELAKSANAN DAN TIM INVER (1/2)

  DEFORESTATION DEFORESTATION RATE OF INDONESIA (NETTO) , 1990-2017 2016-2017

  30% CAUSED BY FOREST FIRE

CAUSED OF DEFORESTATION

   Planned Deforestation):

  • FOREST CONVERSION IS PREPARED FOR OTHER PURPOSES /NON FOREST LAND ( UNDER FOREST RELEASE MECHANISM). E.g.
  • USE OF FOREST AREA FOR NON FOREST OBJECTIVES . E.g.LISENCE, INFRASTRUKTUR, MINING, CHECK DAM, ETC.

   Un-planned Deforestation :

  • FOREST FIRE
  • ILLEGAL LOGGING

  • ILLEGAL USE OF FOREST AREA FOR LOCAL

    GOVERNMENT’S INFRASTRUKTUR . EX: RESETTLEMENT, , ROADS, etc.

  Forest and land Fire , 2015, 2016, 2017 2.611.411 Peat Mineral r) a 1.720.136 (Hect s Area 891.275 438.363 165.484 340.576 151.929 97.787 13,555

SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAM

  WHY SOCIAL FORESTRY ? 

  MOST OF FARMER ARE POOR DUE TO LACK OF LAND 

  

MOST OF PRODUCTION FOREST AREA HOLD BY CONSESSION (97%) AND

ONLY 3% OF FOREST AREA MAINTAINED BY PEOPLE.

   HIGH DISPARITY OF LAND OWNERSHIP AMONG PEOPLE AND CORPORATE. 

  JUSTICE ? 

  INEQUALITY ? 

RESTORE FOREST, PROVIDE JOB FOR POOR, PUSH EQUALITY

   BUILD A NEW PEOPLE’S ECONOMIC MOVEMENT BASED ON STATE FOREST

  INDICATIVE MAP FOR SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAM

  

16 Januari 2017

SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAM (SFP)

  

WHOS TARGET GROUP OF SFP ?

  

  INDIVIDUAL 

GROUP OF PEOPLE

  

POOR PEASANT

  

SOCIAL FORESTRY FORMS

  FOREST VILLAGE 

  COMMUNITY PLANTATION FOREST 

  COMMUNITY FORESTRY 

  PERTNERSHIP 

  ADAT FOREST; 

  PRIVATE OWNED FOREST ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAM (SFP) :  2007

  • – 2014 : 449,104 HECTARES

   2015

  • – 2018 : 1,558,453.81 HECTARES

   PEOPLE INVOLVE IN SFP : 476,113 HOUSEHOLDS  AVERAGE LAND FROM FOREST IS AROUND 4,2 HA / HOUSEHOLD .

   COMMUNITIES ALLOW TO USE THE SFP’s LAND FOR THEIR AGRICULTURE ACTIVITIES OVER 35 YEARS, CROPS, FRUITS,

  SITE LAYOUT OF SFP

  20 50 m

  30 m m 100

  C A B A PELAN

  B C B A C

  PLANTING FOREST

  GI PLANTIN

  TREES

  G FRUIT TREE 100 m INDONESIA’S SDGs PRIORITIES PROGRAM: 

  1. NO POVERTY ;

  13. CLIMATE ACTION 

  2. ZERO HUNGER;

  14. LIFE BELOW WATER 

  3.GOOD HEALTH AND WELL BEING;

  15. LIFE ON LAND 

  4. QUALITY EDUCATION;

  16.PEACE, JUSTICE AND 

  5. GENDER QUALITY;

STRONG INSTITUTION

  6. CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION;

  17. PARTNERSHIP FOR THE 

  7. AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY; GOALs 

  8, DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH 

  9. INDUSTRY, INNOVATION, INFRACTRUCTURE; 

  10. REDUCE INEQUALITY; 

  11. SUSTAINABLE CITIES AD COMMUNITIES;

  

  THE ROLE OF FORESTRY SECTOR IN SDGs 

  FORESTRY SECTOR SUPPORT INDONESIA’S SDGs: NO POVERTY, ZERO HUNGER AND REDUCE INEQUALITY; 

  MAIN GOALS OF SDGs FOR FORESTRY SECTOR: 

  MAINTAIN THE REST OF INDONESIA’S TROPICAL RAIN FOREST; 

REDUCE DEFORESTATION AND FOREST DEGRADATION;

  

REDUCE POVERTY OF PEOPLE LIVING IN AND AROUND FORESTS;

   ALLOCATE THE SOURCE OF FOREST LAND FOR LOCAL COMMUNITIES WELL- BEING THROUGH SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAM (SFP);

   ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION. SOCIAL FORESTRY’S GOALS: 

1. IMPROVING INCOME OF PEOPLE TO REDUCE POVERTY;

  

  2. TO PRODUCE FOOD FROM FOREST LANDS SO THAT NO ONE PEOPLE CAN BE SUFFERED BY HUNGER; 

  3. TO GET MORE EQUALITY OF LANDS ALLOCATION AND DISTRIBUTION FROM FOREST LAND TO THE FOREST

FARMERS BASED ON PERMIT SCHEME; AND

INVOLVEMENT OF COMMUNITIES IN FOREST MANAGEMENT:

  

PRIOR 1990 : COMMUNITIES LIVING AROUND FORESTS WERE NOT REGARDED

BY THE STATE TO PLAY ROLE IN THE FOREST MANAGEMENT;

   YEARS 1990

  • – 1998 : THERE WAS A GROWING ACCEPTANCE AND AWARENESS

    FROM THE STATE THAT COMMUNITIES LIVING AROUND FORESTS COULD PLAY

    ROLE IN THE FOREST MANAGEMENT;

   YEARS 2007

  • – 2013 : A RANGE OF REGULATIONS WERE PROMULGATED TO SUPPORT INVOLVEMENT COMMUNITIES IN THE FOREST MANAGEMENT;

  

YEARS 2015-2018 : MANY CORRECTIVE ACTION TO BE DONE TO CHANGE THE

REGULATIONS, ACCELARATE FOREST LANDREFORM, IMPLEMENTING SOCIAL

FORESTRY PROGRAM, RECOGNIZED ADAT FOREST MORE THEN 24,000 HECTARES, ETC.

   LAND FOR AGRARIAN REFORM 4,1 MILLION Ha AND PREPARE FOREST LAND FOR

  ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAM (SFP) : 

  2007

  • – 2014 : 449,104 Hectares

   2015 – 2018 : 1,558,453.81 Hectares

   PEOPLE INVOLVE IN SFP : 476,113 Household

   TOTAL UNIT PER SK :4.880 Unit SK izin

  

AVERAGE LAND OWNED BY FOREST FARMER IS AROUND 4,5 HA /

HOUSEHOLD .

   COMMUNITIES ALLOW TO USE THE SFP’s LAND FOR THEIR AGRICULTURE ACTIVITIES OVER 35 YEARS, CROPS, FRUITS, TREES, SOCIAL FORESTRY MANAGEMENT 

  EMPOWER MANAGEMENT AT SITE LEVEL 

  REINVENTING MODE OF PRODUCTION 

  EMPOWER PEOPLE’S ORGANIZATION, PARTICOPATORY PLANNING 

  TRAINING AND ADUCATION : CAPITAL GAIN AND MARKETING 

  ACCESS TO THE SOURCE OF CAPITAL 

  KNOWLEDGE INTERVENTION 

  FORMED THE LOCAL ECONOMIC INSTITUTION (COOPERATIVE) 

  BUILD A NEW SYSTEM OF FMU IN ONE LANDSCAPE

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