S PGSD 1102996 table of content
DAFTAR ISI
PERNYATAAN .......................................................................................................i
ABSTRAK ...............................................................................................................ii
ABSTRACK ............................................................................................................iii
KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................iv
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ..................................................................................v
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................vii
DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...............................................................................................xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...........................................................................................xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah........................................................................................ 1
B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................................ 4
C. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................................. 4
D. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................... 5
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning
1. Pengertian Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ........................... 6
2. Prinsip Dasar Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ...................... 7
3. Tujuan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ................................. 7
4. Ciri – ciri Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ............................. 7
5. Kelebihan dan Kelemahan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning .. 9
6. Langkah – langkah Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning .............. 10
7. Teori Belajar yang mendasari Model Pembelajaran Problem Based
Learning ......................................................................................................... 11
B. Proses Belajar
1. Pengertian Proses Belajar ............................................................................... 13
2. Ciri – ciri Proses Belajar ................................................................................ 13
C. Hasil Belajar
Rahmah Fauziah, 2015
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN
PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR OPERASI HITUNG SISWA SD
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vii
1. Pengertian Hasil Belajar ................................................................................ 14
2. Faktor – faktor yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar ....................................... 14
3. Indikator – indikator Hasil Belajar ................................................................. 16
D. Operasi Hitung
1. Pengertian Operasi Hitung ............................................................................. 18
E. Media Pembelajaran
1. Pengertian Media Pembelajaran ..................................................................... 19
2. Media Gambar ............................................................................................... 20
3. Media Kartu Domino ..................................................................................... 21
F. Penelitian yang Relevan ....................................................................................... 22
G. Kerangka Pikir Penelitian .................................................................................... 23
H. Definisi Operasional ............................................................................................ 25
BAB III METODE DAN PROSEDUR PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian ................................................................................................ 27
B. Disain Penelitian .................................................................................................. 27
C. Lokasi Penelitian .................................................................................................. 29
D. Subjek Penelitian ................................................................................................. 29
E. Waktu Penelitian ................................................................................................... 29
F. Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................................................ 29
1. Instrumen Pembelajaran .................................................................................. 29
2. Instrumen Pengungkap Data Penelitian ......................................................... 30
G. Prosedur Penelitian .............................................................................................. 30
H. Rencana Pengolahan dan Uji Keabsahan Data .................................................... 33
1. Rencana Pengolahan Data .............................................................................. 33
a. Analisis Data Kuantitaif ........................................................................... 33
b. Analisis Data Kualitatif ............................................................................ 35
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Deskripsi Awal Pra-Penelitian ............................................................................. 36
B. Data Proses Perkembangan Pembelajaran dan Pembahasan ............................... 37
Rahmah Fauziah, 2015
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN
PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR OPERASI HITUNG SISWA SD
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
viii
1. Deskripsi Tindakan Siklus I ............................................................................ 37
a. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran .......................................................................... 37
b. Observasi .................................................................................................... 40
c. Refleksi ....................................................................................................... 42
2. Deskripsi Tindakan Siklus II ........................................................................... 46
a. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran .......................................................................... 46
b. Observasi .................................................................................................... 50
c. Refleksi ....................................................................................................... 52
C. Data Perkembangan Hasil dan Pembahasan ........................................................ 56
1. Siklus 1 ............................................................................................................ 56
a. Aktivitas Peserta Didik atau Proses dalam Pembelajaran Problem
Based Learning ......................................................................................... 56
b. Hasil Belajar Operasi Hitung Siswa SD .................................................... 56
2. Siklus 2 ............................................................................................................ 58
a.
Aktivitas Peserta Didik atau Proses dalam Pembelajaran Problem
Based Learning ........................................................................................ 58
b.
Hasil Belajar Operasi Hitung Siswa SD ................................................... 59
D. Keterbatasan Penelitian ........................................................................................ 63
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
A. Simpulan ................................................................................................................. 66
B. Rekomendasi .......................................................................................................... 67
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 69
LAMPIRAN
Rahmah Fauziah, 2015
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN
PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR OPERASI HITUNG SISWA SD
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ix
PERNYATAAN .......................................................................................................i
ABSTRAK ...............................................................................................................ii
ABSTRACK ............................................................................................................iii
KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................iv
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ..................................................................................v
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................vii
DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...............................................................................................xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...........................................................................................xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah........................................................................................ 1
B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................................ 4
C. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................................. 4
D. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................... 5
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning
1. Pengertian Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ........................... 6
2. Prinsip Dasar Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ...................... 7
3. Tujuan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ................................. 7
4. Ciri – ciri Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ............................. 7
5. Kelebihan dan Kelemahan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning .. 9
6. Langkah – langkah Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning .............. 10
7. Teori Belajar yang mendasari Model Pembelajaran Problem Based
Learning ......................................................................................................... 11
B. Proses Belajar
1. Pengertian Proses Belajar ............................................................................... 13
2. Ciri – ciri Proses Belajar ................................................................................ 13
C. Hasil Belajar
Rahmah Fauziah, 2015
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN
PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR OPERASI HITUNG SISWA SD
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
vii
1. Pengertian Hasil Belajar ................................................................................ 14
2. Faktor – faktor yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar ....................................... 14
3. Indikator – indikator Hasil Belajar ................................................................. 16
D. Operasi Hitung
1. Pengertian Operasi Hitung ............................................................................. 18
E. Media Pembelajaran
1. Pengertian Media Pembelajaran ..................................................................... 19
2. Media Gambar ............................................................................................... 20
3. Media Kartu Domino ..................................................................................... 21
F. Penelitian yang Relevan ....................................................................................... 22
G. Kerangka Pikir Penelitian .................................................................................... 23
H. Definisi Operasional ............................................................................................ 25
BAB III METODE DAN PROSEDUR PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian ................................................................................................ 27
B. Disain Penelitian .................................................................................................. 27
C. Lokasi Penelitian .................................................................................................. 29
D. Subjek Penelitian ................................................................................................. 29
E. Waktu Penelitian ................................................................................................... 29
F. Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................................................ 29
1. Instrumen Pembelajaran .................................................................................. 29
2. Instrumen Pengungkap Data Penelitian ......................................................... 30
G. Prosedur Penelitian .............................................................................................. 30
H. Rencana Pengolahan dan Uji Keabsahan Data .................................................... 33
1. Rencana Pengolahan Data .............................................................................. 33
a. Analisis Data Kuantitaif ........................................................................... 33
b. Analisis Data Kualitatif ............................................................................ 35
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Deskripsi Awal Pra-Penelitian ............................................................................. 36
B. Data Proses Perkembangan Pembelajaran dan Pembahasan ............................... 37
Rahmah Fauziah, 2015
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN
PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR OPERASI HITUNG SISWA SD
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
viii
1. Deskripsi Tindakan Siklus I ............................................................................ 37
a. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran .......................................................................... 37
b. Observasi .................................................................................................... 40
c. Refleksi ....................................................................................................... 42
2. Deskripsi Tindakan Siklus II ........................................................................... 46
a. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran .......................................................................... 46
b. Observasi .................................................................................................... 50
c. Refleksi ....................................................................................................... 52
C. Data Perkembangan Hasil dan Pembahasan ........................................................ 56
1. Siklus 1 ............................................................................................................ 56
a. Aktivitas Peserta Didik atau Proses dalam Pembelajaran Problem
Based Learning ......................................................................................... 56
b. Hasil Belajar Operasi Hitung Siswa SD .................................................... 56
2. Siklus 2 ............................................................................................................ 58
a.
Aktivitas Peserta Didik atau Proses dalam Pembelajaran Problem
Based Learning ........................................................................................ 58
b.
Hasil Belajar Operasi Hitung Siswa SD ................................................... 59
D. Keterbatasan Penelitian ........................................................................................ 63
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
A. Simpulan ................................................................................................................. 66
B. Rekomendasi .......................................................................................................... 67
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 69
LAMPIRAN
Rahmah Fauziah, 2015
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN
PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR OPERASI HITUNG SISWA SD
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ix