Josephine Natalie 22010112130153 Lap.KTI Bab7
68
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1.
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Sembuh. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2015.
2.
World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2015, 20th
Edition. Geneva (Swiss): World Health Organization; 2015.
3.
World Health Organization. Global Update on the Health Sector Response
to HIV, 2014. Geneva (Swiss): World Health Organization; 2014.
4.
Lorent N, Sebatunzi O, Mukeshimana G, Ende J Van den, Clerinx J.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Serious Adverse Events during
Antituberculous Treatment in Rwanda : A Prospective Cohort Study. PLoS
ONE. 2011;6(5):1-9.
5.
Padmapriyadarsini C, Narendran G, Swaminathan S. Diagnosis &
Treatment of Tuberculosis in HIV Co-infected Patients. Indian J Med Res.
2011;134(6):850-65.
6.
World Health Organization. Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of
Antiretroviral Drugs For Treating and Preventing HIV Infection. Geneva
(Swiss): World Health Organization; 2013.
7.
Regazzi M, Carvalho AC, Villani P, Matteelli A. Treatment Optimization
in Patients Co-Infected with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Infections: Focus on Drug–Drug Interactions with Rifamycins. Clin
Pharmacokinet. 2014;53(6):489-507.
8.
Arbex MA. Antituberculosis Drugs: drug interactions, adverse effects, and
use in special situations. Part 1: first-line drugs. J bras pneumol.
69
2010;36(June):626-40.
9.
Kementerian
Kesehatan
Republik
Indonesia
Direktorat
Jenderal
Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan. Pedoman Nasional
Pengendalian Tuberkulosis. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik
Indonesia; 2014.
10.
Istiantoro YH, Setiabudy R. Tuberkulostatik dan Leprostatik. In:
Farmakologi Dan Terapi Edisi 5 . Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI; 2009:613-
20.
11.
Lai HM, Mazlan NA, Yusoff SAM, Harun SN, Wee LJ, Thambrin FRM.
Management of Side Effects and Drug Interactions of Anti-mycobacterial
in Tuberculosis Management of Side Effects and Drug Interactions of Antimycobacterial in Tuberculosis. WebmedCentral Infect Dis. 2011;2(12):1-9.
12.
Farazi A, Sofian M, Jabbariasl M, Keshavarz S. Adverse Reactions to
Antituberculosis Drugs in Iranian Tuberculosis Patients. Tuberc Res Treat.
2014;2014:6 pages.
13.
Louisa M, Setiabudy R. Antivirus. In: Farmakologi Dan Terapi Edisi 5.
Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI; 2009:651-4.
14.
Nash J, Orrell C, Pakade Y, Venter F, Wilson D. Adult Antiretroviral
Therapy Guidelines 2014 By the Southern African HIV Clinicians Society.
S Afr J HIV Med. 2015;15(4):121-43.
15.
Masho SW, Wang C, Nixon DE. Review of Tenofovir-Emtricitabine. Ther
Clin Risk Manag. 2007;3(6):1097-104.
70
16.
Patel KK, Patel AK, Ranjan RR, Patel AR, Patel JK. Tenofovir-associated
Renal Dysfunction in Clinical Practice : An observational cohort from
western India. Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2010;31(1):30-4.
17.
Lawn SD, Meintjes G, Mcilleron H, Harries AD, Wood R. Management of
HIV-associated Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings : a state-of-theart review. BMC Med. 2013;11:1-16.
18.
Reust CE. Common Adverse Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV
Disease. Am Fam Physician. 2011;83(12):1443-51.
19.
Safrin S. Antiviral Agents. In: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 9th ed.
United States: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.; 2004:1130-41.
20.
U.S Food and Drug Administration. Stavudine [Internet]. 2002 [updated
2002
Jan
24;
cited
2016
Apr
26].
Available
from:
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/020412s029,02
0413s020lbl.pdf
21.
U.S Food and Drug Administration. Nevirapine [Internet]. 2005 [updated
2005
Jan
11;
cited
2016
Apr
26].
Available
from:
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2005/20636s025,209
33s014lbl.pdf
22.
Mukonzo JK, Okwera A, Nakasujja N, Luzze H, Sebuwufu D, Ogwalokeng
J,
et
al.
Influence
of
Efavirenz
Pharmacokinetics
and
Pharmacogenetics on Neuropsychological Disorders in Ugandan HIVpositive Patients with or without Tuberculosis : a prospective cohort study.
BMC Infect Dis. 2013.
71
23.
Semvua HH, Kibiki GS. Atripla R / anti-TB combination in TB / HIV
patients . Drug in focus. BMC Res Notes. 2011;4(1):511.
24.
Su S, Gauggel S. Neuropsychiatric Complications of Efavirenz Therapy :
Suggestions for a New Research Paradigm. J Neuropsychiatry Clin
Neurosci. 2010;22(4):361-9.
25.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan
Republik Indonesia Nomor 87 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pedoman Pengobatan
Antiretroviral. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2014.
26.
Kementerian
Kesehatan
Republik
Indonesia.
Pedoman
Nasional
Tatalaksana Klinis Infeksi HIV Dan Terapi Antiretroviral Pada Orang
Dewasa. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2011.
27.
Pozniak AL, Coyne KM, Miller RF, Lipman MCI, Freedman AR, Ormerod
LP, et al. British HIV Association guidelines for the treatment of TB / HIV
coinfection 2011. HIV Med. 2011;12(9):517-24.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. Atlanta: Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention; 2015 [updated 2014 Sept 22; cited 2015
Dec
29].
Available
from:
http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/guidelines/tb_hiv_drugs/recommendati
ons02.htm
29.
Khoo SH, Gibbons S, Seden K, Back DJ. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW : DrugDrug Interactions between Antiretrovirals and Medications Used to Treat
TB , Malaria , Hepatitis B & C and Opioid Dependence. Vol 5656.
30.
Curry International Tuberculosis Center and California Department of
Public Health. Adverse Reactions. In: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A
72
Survival Guide for
Clinicians, Second Edition. California: Curry
International Tuberculosis Center; 2011:145-70.
31.
Mehta SA, Ahmed A, Laverty M, Holzman RS, Valentine F. Sex
Differences in the Incidence of Peripheral Neuropathy Among Kenyans
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53(5):490-6.
32.
Nemaura T, Dhoro M, Nhachi C, Kadzirange G, Chonzi P, Masimirembwa
C. AIDS & Clinical Evaluation of the Prevalence , Progression and
Severity of Common Adverse Reactions (Lipodystrophy , CNS , Peripheral
Neuropathy, and Hypersensitivity Reactions) Associated with AntiRetroviral Therapy (ART) and Anti-Tuberculosis Treatmen. J AIDS Clin
Res. 2013;4(4).
33.
Jong E, Conradie F, Berhanu R, Black A, John MA, Meintjes G, et al.
Consensus statement : Management of drug-induced liver injury in HIVpositive patients treated for TB. S Afr J HIV Med. 2013;14(3):113-9.
34.
Bayupurnama P. Hepatotoksisitas Imbas Obat. In: Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit
Dalam Jilid II, Edisi VI. Jakarta: InternaPublishing; 2014:2009.
35.
Gaida R, Truter I, Grobler C. Efavirenz : A review of the epidemiology ,
severity and management of neuropsychiatric side-effects. S Afr J psyc.
2015;21(3):94-7.
36.
Waheed S, Attia D, Estrella MM, Zafar Y, Atta MG, Lucas GM, et al.
Proximal Tubular Dysfunction and Kidney Injury Associated with
Tenofovir in HIV Patients : a case series. Clin Kidney J . 2015:1-6.
37.
Tourret J, Deray G, Isnard-bagnis C. Tenofovir Effect on the Kidneys of
HIV-Infected Patients : A Double-Edged Sword? J Am Soc Nephrol.
73
2013;24(10):1519-27.
38.
Lopez-Novoa JM, Quiros Y, Vicente L, Morales AI, Lopez-Hernandez FJ.
New insights into the mechanism of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity: an
integrative point of view. Kidney Int. 2011;79(1):33-45.
39.
Huth ME, Ricci AJ, Cheng AG. Mechanisms of Aminoglycoside
Ototoxicity and Targets of Hair Cell Protection. Int J Otolaryngol.
2011;2011:19 pages.
40.
Mintzer DM, Billet SN, Chmielewski L. Drug-Induced Hematologic
Syndromes. Adv Hematol. 2009;2009.
41.
Mustak H, Rogers G, Cook C. Ethambutol Induced Toxic Optic
Neuropathy in HIV. Int J Ophthalmol. 2013;6(4):542-5.
42.
Pregled V, Dragovi G, Danilovi D, Dimi A, Jevtovi D. Lipodystrophy
Induced by Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV / AIDS patients : A
Belgrade cohort study. Vojn Pregl. 2014;71(8):746-50.
43.
Caron-debarle M, Lagathu C, Boccara F, Vigouroux C, Capeau J. HIVassociated Lipodystrophy : from fat injury to premature aging. Trends Mol
Med. 2010;16(5):218-29.
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Domingo P, Estrada V, Lopez-Aldeguer J, Villaroya F, Martinez E. Fat
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and
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy. AIDS Rev. 2012;14:112-23.
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Kumar NS, Shashibhushan J, Malappa, Venugopal K, Menon M.
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Alomar MJ. Factors Affecting the Development of Adverse Drug Reactions
(Review article). Saudi Pharm J . 2014;22(2):83-94.
47.
Bezu H, Seifu D, Yimer G, Mebrhatu T. Prevalence and Risk Factors of
Adverse Drug Reactions Associated Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis
Treatments in Selected Treatment Centers in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. J
Tuberc Res. 2014;(September):144-54.
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Ambreen K, Sharma R, Singh KP, Kumar S. Anti-Tuberculosis DrugInduced Hepatotoxicity : A Review. PLoS ONE. 2014;5:423-37.
49.
Bonnet M, Baudin E, Jani I V, Nunes E, Verhoustraten F, Calmy A, et al.
Incidence of Paradoxical Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution
Inflammatory Syndrome and Impact on Patient Outcome. PLoS ONE.
2013;8(12):1-10.
50.
Assob JCN, Nde PF, Nsagha DS, Njunda AL, Ngum NM, Ngowe MN.
AIDS & Clinical Incidence and Risk Factors of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs
Induced Hepatotoxicity in HIV / AIDS Patients Attending the Limbe and
Buea Regional Hospitals. J AIDS Clin Res. 2014;5(3).
51.
Chiang Y, Lin Y, Lee J, Lee C, Chen H. Tobacco Consumption is a
Reversible Risk Factor Associated with Reduced Successful Treatment
Outcomes of Anti-tuberculosis Therapy. Int J Infect Dis. 2012;16(2):e130e135.
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Lucas C, Martin J. Smoking and Drug Interactions. Aust Prescr .
2013;36(3):102-5.
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Eluwa GI, Badru T, Akpoigbe KJ. Adverse Drug Reactions to
Antiretroviral Therapy ( ARVs ): incidence, type and risk factors in
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Sterling TR, Pham PA, Chaisson RE. HIV Infection – Related
Tuberculosis : Clinical Manifestations and Treatment. Clin Infect Dis.
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Raviglione M, Yew WW, Migliori GB. Clinical Management of
Tuberculosis and HIV-1 Co-infection. Eur Respir J . 2010;36(6):1460-81.
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Weinberg JL, Kovarik CL. The WHO Clinical Staging System for
HIV/AIDS. Am Med Assoc J Ethics. 2010;12(3):202-6.
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Lima M de FS de, Melo HRL de. Hepatotoxicity Induced by
Antituberculosis Drugs among Patients Coinfected with HIV and
Tuberculosis. Cad Saúde Pública, Rio Janeiro. 2012;28(4):698-708.
58.
Breen RAM, Miller RF, Gorsuch T, Smith CJ, Schwenk A, Holmes W, et
al. Adverse Events and Treatment Interuption in Tuberculosis Patients With
and Without HIV Co-infection. Thorax. 2006;61:791-4.
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Kadima JN, Mukanyangezi MF, Uwizeye CB. Effectiveness and Safety of
Concurrent Use of First-Line Antiretroviral and Antituberculous Drugs in
Rwanda. J Trop Med. 2014;2014:9 pages.
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Isaakidis P, Varghese B, Mansoor H, Cox HS, Ladomirska J, Saranchuk P,
et al. Adverse Events among HIV / MDR-TB Co-Infected Patients
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India. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(7).
76
Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance
77
Lampiran 2. Surat Izin Penelitian
78
Lampiran 3. Formulir permintaan data rekam medis
79
Lampiran 4. Output hasil statistik
Frequency Table
jenis_kelamin
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Pria
66
73.3
73.3
73.3
Wanita
24
26.7
26.7
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
usia
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
60
2
2.2
2.2
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
IMT_underweight
Frequency
Valid
Missing
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Ya
41
45.6
51.3
51.3
Tidak
39
43.3
48.8
100.0
Total
80
88.9
100.0
System
10
11.1
90
100.0
Total
IMT_normal
Frequency
Valid
Ya
34
Percent
37.8
Valid Percent
42.5
Cumulative
Percent
42.5
80
Missing
Tidak
46
51.1
57.5
Total
80
88.9
100.0
System
10
11.1
90
100.0
Total
100.0
IMT_preobese
Frequency
Ya
Valid
Missing
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
5
5.6
6.3
6.3
Tidak
75
83.3
93.8
100.0
Total
80
88.9
100.0
System
10
11.1
90
100.0
Total
imunodefisiensi
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
berat
85
94.4
94.4
94.4
tidak
5
5.6
5.6
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
TBparu_BTApos
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Ya
13
14.4
14.4
14.4
Tidak
77
85.6
85.6
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
81
TBparu_BTAneg
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Ya
63
70.0
70.0
70.0
Tidak
27
30.0
30.0
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
TBextraparu
Frequency
Ya
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
5
5.6
5.6
5.6
Tidak
85
94.4
94.4
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
TBparu_extraparu
Frequency
Ya
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
9
10.0
10.0
10.0
Tidak
81
90.0
90.0
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
stadium_HIV
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
3
62
68.9
68.9
68.9
4
28
31.1
31.1
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
82
koinfeksi
Frequency
Ada
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
5
5.6
5.6
5.6
tidak ada
85
94.4
94.4
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
OAT
Frequency
dosis optimal
Valid
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
88
97.8
97.8
97.8
2
2.2
2.2
100.0
90
100.0
100.0
dosis tidak optimal
Total
Percent
ART
Frequency
Valid
lini 1
Percent
90
Valid Percent
100.0
Cumulative
Percent
100.0
100.0
efek_samping
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
ada
21
23.3
23.3
23.3
tidak ada
69
76.7
76.7
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
83
lama
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Tuberkulosis: Temukan, Obati Sampai
Sembuh. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2015.
2.
World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2015, 20th
Edition. Geneva (Swiss): World Health Organization; 2015.
3.
World Health Organization. Global Update on the Health Sector Response
to HIV, 2014. Geneva (Swiss): World Health Organization; 2014.
4.
Lorent N, Sebatunzi O, Mukeshimana G, Ende J Van den, Clerinx J.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Serious Adverse Events during
Antituberculous Treatment in Rwanda : A Prospective Cohort Study. PLoS
ONE. 2011;6(5):1-9.
5.
Padmapriyadarsini C, Narendran G, Swaminathan S. Diagnosis &
Treatment of Tuberculosis in HIV Co-infected Patients. Indian J Med Res.
2011;134(6):850-65.
6.
World Health Organization. Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of
Antiretroviral Drugs For Treating and Preventing HIV Infection. Geneva
(Swiss): World Health Organization; 2013.
7.
Regazzi M, Carvalho AC, Villani P, Matteelli A. Treatment Optimization
in Patients Co-Infected with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Infections: Focus on Drug–Drug Interactions with Rifamycins. Clin
Pharmacokinet. 2014;53(6):489-507.
8.
Arbex MA. Antituberculosis Drugs: drug interactions, adverse effects, and
use in special situations. Part 1: first-line drugs. J bras pneumol.
69
2010;36(June):626-40.
9.
Kementerian
Kesehatan
Republik
Indonesia
Direktorat
Jenderal
Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan. Pedoman Nasional
Pengendalian Tuberkulosis. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik
Indonesia; 2014.
10.
Istiantoro YH, Setiabudy R. Tuberkulostatik dan Leprostatik. In:
Farmakologi Dan Terapi Edisi 5 . Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI; 2009:613-
20.
11.
Lai HM, Mazlan NA, Yusoff SAM, Harun SN, Wee LJ, Thambrin FRM.
Management of Side Effects and Drug Interactions of Anti-mycobacterial
in Tuberculosis Management of Side Effects and Drug Interactions of Antimycobacterial in Tuberculosis. WebmedCentral Infect Dis. 2011;2(12):1-9.
12.
Farazi A, Sofian M, Jabbariasl M, Keshavarz S. Adverse Reactions to
Antituberculosis Drugs in Iranian Tuberculosis Patients. Tuberc Res Treat.
2014;2014:6 pages.
13.
Louisa M, Setiabudy R. Antivirus. In: Farmakologi Dan Terapi Edisi 5.
Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI; 2009:651-4.
14.
Nash J, Orrell C, Pakade Y, Venter F, Wilson D. Adult Antiretroviral
Therapy Guidelines 2014 By the Southern African HIV Clinicians Society.
S Afr J HIV Med. 2015;15(4):121-43.
15.
Masho SW, Wang C, Nixon DE. Review of Tenofovir-Emtricitabine. Ther
Clin Risk Manag. 2007;3(6):1097-104.
70
16.
Patel KK, Patel AK, Ranjan RR, Patel AR, Patel JK. Tenofovir-associated
Renal Dysfunction in Clinical Practice : An observational cohort from
western India. Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2010;31(1):30-4.
17.
Lawn SD, Meintjes G, Mcilleron H, Harries AD, Wood R. Management of
HIV-associated Tuberculosis in Resource-limited Settings : a state-of-theart review. BMC Med. 2013;11:1-16.
18.
Reust CE. Common Adverse Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV
Disease. Am Fam Physician. 2011;83(12):1443-51.
19.
Safrin S. Antiviral Agents. In: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 9th ed.
United States: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.; 2004:1130-41.
20.
U.S Food and Drug Administration. Stavudine [Internet]. 2002 [updated
2002
Jan
24;
cited
2016
Apr
26].
Available
from:
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/020412s029,02
0413s020lbl.pdf
21.
U.S Food and Drug Administration. Nevirapine [Internet]. 2005 [updated
2005
Jan
11;
cited
2016
Apr
26].
Available
from:
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2005/20636s025,209
33s014lbl.pdf
22.
Mukonzo JK, Okwera A, Nakasujja N, Luzze H, Sebuwufu D, Ogwalokeng
J,
et
al.
Influence
of
Efavirenz
Pharmacokinetics
and
Pharmacogenetics on Neuropsychological Disorders in Ugandan HIVpositive Patients with or without Tuberculosis : a prospective cohort study.
BMC Infect Dis. 2013.
71
23.
Semvua HH, Kibiki GS. Atripla R / anti-TB combination in TB / HIV
patients . Drug in focus. BMC Res Notes. 2011;4(1):511.
24.
Su S, Gauggel S. Neuropsychiatric Complications of Efavirenz Therapy :
Suggestions for a New Research Paradigm. J Neuropsychiatry Clin
Neurosci. 2010;22(4):361-9.
25.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan
Republik Indonesia Nomor 87 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pedoman Pengobatan
Antiretroviral. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2014.
26.
Kementerian
Kesehatan
Republik
Indonesia.
Pedoman
Nasional
Tatalaksana Klinis Infeksi HIV Dan Terapi Antiretroviral Pada Orang
Dewasa. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2011.
27.
Pozniak AL, Coyne KM, Miller RF, Lipman MCI, Freedman AR, Ormerod
LP, et al. British HIV Association guidelines for the treatment of TB / HIV
coinfection 2011. HIV Med. 2011;12(9):517-24.
28.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. Atlanta: Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention; 2015 [updated 2014 Sept 22; cited 2015
Dec
29].
Available
from:
http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/guidelines/tb_hiv_drugs/recommendati
ons02.htm
29.
Khoo SH, Gibbons S, Seden K, Back DJ. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW : DrugDrug Interactions between Antiretrovirals and Medications Used to Treat
TB , Malaria , Hepatitis B & C and Opioid Dependence. Vol 5656.
30.
Curry International Tuberculosis Center and California Department of
Public Health. Adverse Reactions. In: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A
72
Survival Guide for
Clinicians, Second Edition. California: Curry
International Tuberculosis Center; 2011:145-70.
31.
Mehta SA, Ahmed A, Laverty M, Holzman RS, Valentine F. Sex
Differences in the Incidence of Peripheral Neuropathy Among Kenyans
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53(5):490-6.
32.
Nemaura T, Dhoro M, Nhachi C, Kadzirange G, Chonzi P, Masimirembwa
C. AIDS & Clinical Evaluation of the Prevalence , Progression and
Severity of Common Adverse Reactions (Lipodystrophy , CNS , Peripheral
Neuropathy, and Hypersensitivity Reactions) Associated with AntiRetroviral Therapy (ART) and Anti-Tuberculosis Treatmen. J AIDS Clin
Res. 2013;4(4).
33.
Jong E, Conradie F, Berhanu R, Black A, John MA, Meintjes G, et al.
Consensus statement : Management of drug-induced liver injury in HIVpositive patients treated for TB. S Afr J HIV Med. 2013;14(3):113-9.
34.
Bayupurnama P. Hepatotoksisitas Imbas Obat. In: Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit
Dalam Jilid II, Edisi VI. Jakarta: InternaPublishing; 2014:2009.
35.
Gaida R, Truter I, Grobler C. Efavirenz : A review of the epidemiology ,
severity and management of neuropsychiatric side-effects. S Afr J psyc.
2015;21(3):94-7.
36.
Waheed S, Attia D, Estrella MM, Zafar Y, Atta MG, Lucas GM, et al.
Proximal Tubular Dysfunction and Kidney Injury Associated with
Tenofovir in HIV Patients : a case series. Clin Kidney J . 2015:1-6.
37.
Tourret J, Deray G, Isnard-bagnis C. Tenofovir Effect on the Kidneys of
HIV-Infected Patients : A Double-Edged Sword? J Am Soc Nephrol.
73
2013;24(10):1519-27.
38.
Lopez-Novoa JM, Quiros Y, Vicente L, Morales AI, Lopez-Hernandez FJ.
New insights into the mechanism of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity: an
integrative point of view. Kidney Int. 2011;79(1):33-45.
39.
Huth ME, Ricci AJ, Cheng AG. Mechanisms of Aminoglycoside
Ototoxicity and Targets of Hair Cell Protection. Int J Otolaryngol.
2011;2011:19 pages.
40.
Mintzer DM, Billet SN, Chmielewski L. Drug-Induced Hematologic
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76
Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance
77
Lampiran 2. Surat Izin Penelitian
78
Lampiran 3. Formulir permintaan data rekam medis
79
Lampiran 4. Output hasil statistik
Frequency Table
jenis_kelamin
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Pria
66
73.3
73.3
73.3
Wanita
24
26.7
26.7
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
usia
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
60
2
2.2
2.2
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
IMT_underweight
Frequency
Valid
Missing
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Ya
41
45.6
51.3
51.3
Tidak
39
43.3
48.8
100.0
Total
80
88.9
100.0
System
10
11.1
90
100.0
Total
IMT_normal
Frequency
Valid
Ya
34
Percent
37.8
Valid Percent
42.5
Cumulative
Percent
42.5
80
Missing
Tidak
46
51.1
57.5
Total
80
88.9
100.0
System
10
11.1
90
100.0
Total
100.0
IMT_preobese
Frequency
Ya
Valid
Missing
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
5
5.6
6.3
6.3
Tidak
75
83.3
93.8
100.0
Total
80
88.9
100.0
System
10
11.1
90
100.0
Total
imunodefisiensi
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
berat
85
94.4
94.4
94.4
tidak
5
5.6
5.6
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
TBparu_BTApos
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Ya
13
14.4
14.4
14.4
Tidak
77
85.6
85.6
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
81
TBparu_BTAneg
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Ya
63
70.0
70.0
70.0
Tidak
27
30.0
30.0
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
TBextraparu
Frequency
Ya
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
5
5.6
5.6
5.6
Tidak
85
94.4
94.4
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
TBparu_extraparu
Frequency
Ya
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
9
10.0
10.0
10.0
Tidak
81
90.0
90.0
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
stadium_HIV
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
3
62
68.9
68.9
68.9
4
28
31.1
31.1
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
82
koinfeksi
Frequency
Ada
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
5
5.6
5.6
5.6
tidak ada
85
94.4
94.4
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
OAT
Frequency
dosis optimal
Valid
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
88
97.8
97.8
97.8
2
2.2
2.2
100.0
90
100.0
100.0
dosis tidak optimal
Total
Percent
ART
Frequency
Valid
lini 1
Percent
90
Valid Percent
100.0
Cumulative
Percent
100.0
100.0
efek_samping
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
ada
21
23.3
23.3
23.3
tidak ada
69
76.7
76.7
100.0
Total
90
100.0
100.0
83
lama
Frequency
Valid
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent