A THESIS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING INDUCTIVE METHOD IN TEACHING ENGLISH GRAMMAR ( An Experimental Study at the Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta in the Academic Year of 20172018 )

  

A THESIS

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING INDUCTIVE METHOD

  

IN TEACHING ENGLISH GRAMMAR

( An Experimental Study at the Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta

in the Academic Year of 2017/2018 )

  

Submitted to the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Sebelas

Maret University to Fulfill One of the Requirements for Getting the

Undergraduate Degree of Education in English

ADE NOVEA RETTY

  

K2213001

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2017

  

ABSTRACT

  Ade Novea Retty. K2213001. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING

  

INDUCTIVE METHOD IN TEACHING ENGLISH GRAMMAR (AN

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AT THE EIGHTH GRADE OF SMP NEGERI

  December 2017.

  The aims of this research are to investigate: (1) whether there is a significant difference in grammar mastery achievement between the students taught using Inductive Method and those taught using Deductive Method of the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 16 Surakara; (2) whether Inductive Method is more effective than Deductive Method to teach grammar.

  The method used in this study is an experimental study (comparative study). This research was conducted inOctober until November 2017 in the eighth grade of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta in the academic year of 2017/2018. The researcher took the sample by using cluster random sampling. The students are divided into two groups, which are VIII-A which belongs to the experimental group and VIII-B which belongs to the control group. The research instrument used to collect the data in this study is a test. The data were analyzed by using t- test formula.

  o

  The computation of the data shows that: (1) the t-observation (t ) is 2.284,referred to the t-table (54. 0,05) = 2.004, the researcher finds that t o is higher than t t . It is concluded that there is a significant difference on grammar achievement between experimental group and control group; (2) the mean score of the group of students who are taught using Inductive Method is 56.57, while the mean score of the group of students who are taught using Deductive Method is

  47.64. It means that teaching English grammar using Inductive Method is more effective than using Deductive Method especially for the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta in the academic year of 2017/2018. Therefore, it is recommended that: (1) the teachers apply Inductive Method in teaching English grammar; (2) the future research may conduct the same kind of research with different stages.

  Keywords: grammar mastery, simple past tense, inductive method, deductive method

  

ABSTRAK

  Ade Noea Retty. K2213001. KEEFEKTIFITASAN PENGGUNAAN

  

METODE INDUKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ENGLISH GRAMMAR

(PENELITIAN EKSPERIMEN PADA KELAS DELAPAN SMP NEGERI

  Tujuan dari penelian ini adalah untuk meneliti: (1) apakah ada perbedaan yang siknifikan pada pencapaian penguasaan grammar antara siswa yang diajar menggunakan Metode Induktif dan siswa yang diajar menggunakan Metode Deduktif pada kelas delapan SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta; (2) apakah Metode Induktif lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan Metode Deduktif untuk mengajar grammar.

  Metode yang digunakan di penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen (penelitian komparatif). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Oktober sampai November 2017 di kelas delapan SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Peneliti mengambil sampel menggunakan cluster random sampling.

  Siswa dibagi menjadi dua kelopok yaitu kelas VIII-A yang merupakan kelompok eksperimen dan kelas VIII-B yang merupakan kelompok kontrol. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data pada penelitian ini adalah tes. Data dianalisis menggunakan rumus t-test.

  Perhitungan komputer dari data menunjukkan bahwa: (1) t-observation (t o ) adalah 2,284, merujuk ke t-table (54. 0,05) = 2,004, peneliti menemukan bahwa t o lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan t t . Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang siknifikan pada nilai grammar antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol; (2) nilai rata

• – rata dari kelompok siswa yang diajar menggunakan Metode Induktif adalah 56,57, sedangkan nilai rata – rata dari kelompok siswa yang diajar menggunakan Metode Deduktif adalah 47,64. Dapat diartikan bahwa pembelajaran English grammar menggunakan Metode Induktif lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan Metode Deduktif khususnya untuk siswa kelas delapan SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Oleh karena itu, disarankan bahwa: (1) guru mengaplikasikan Metode Induktif pada pembelajaran English ; (2) penelitian kedepan bisa melakukan penelitian yang sama dengan

  grammar langkah yang berbeda.

  Kata kunci: penguasaan grammar, simple past tense, metode induktif, metode deduktif

  “Boleh jadi kamu membenci sesuatu, padahal ia amat baik bagimu, dan boleh jadi (pula) kamu menyukai sesuatu, padahal ia amat buruk bagimu; Allah mengetahui, sedang kamu tidak mengetahui.”

  

MOTTO

  

(QS. Al Baqarah 2:216)

  “Forget about the fast lane. If you really want to fly, just harness your power to your passion.”

• -Oprah Winfrey-

  DEDICATION

  This thesis is whole-heartedly dedicated to My beloved parents

  My beloved older brother My beloved and supporting aunt

  My belovedroommate My best yet crazy friends

  All the people who have helped and supported me, “Arigato gozaimasu!”

  

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

  Praise be to Allah SWT who has given His blessing to the researcher so that she can complete writing this thesis entitled “The Effectiveness of Using

  

Inductive Method in Teaching English Grammar ( An Experimental Study at

the Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta in the Academic Year of

2017/2018)”.

  This thesis was arranged to fulfill one of the requirements for getting the Undergraduate Degree of Education in English Department, Teacher Training and EducationFaculty of Sebelas Maret University. The researcher is aware that this thesis could not be completed without helps, guidance, and supports from many others. Therefore, the researcher would like to express hergratitude and appreciations to:

  1. Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty.

  2. Teguh Sarosa, S.S., M.Hum.,the Head of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty and the second consultant.

  3. Drs. Martono M.A., the first consultant.

  4. Mulyono, S.Pd, the Headmaster of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta, for the permission to conduct the research.

  5. Bambang W Kesdu, S.Pd, the English teacher of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta, for being supporter during the research.

  6. The eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 16 Surakarta for the participation.

  7. My family, my roommate, my friends in English Education Department for the supports, caring, prays and helps.

The researcher is aware that this thesis is not perfect and it is because of the researcher’s limits. However, the researcher hopes that this thesis will be

  useful for the readers and the knowledge developments.

  Surakarta, December 2017 The researcher

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  Page TITLE ...................................................................................................................... i PRONOUNCEMENT ............................................................................................. ii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... iii APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANTS ................................................................ v APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS .............................................. vi MOTTO ................................................................................................................ vii DEDICATION ..................................................................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ x LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. xiii LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. xiv LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................................ xv

  CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study ..................................................... 1 B. Problems Identification ........................................................ 4 C. Problems Limitation ............................................................ 4 D. Problems Formulation ......................................................... 5 E. Objectives of the Study ........................................................ 5 F. The Benefits of the Study .................................................... 5 CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW ......................................................... 6 A. Literature Review ................................................................. 6 1. Grammar ....................................................................... 6 a. The Definition of Grammar .................................... 6 b. The Definition of Grammar Mastery ....................... 7 c. The Scope of Grammar ........................................... 8 d. Inductive Method ........................................................ 19 a. The Definition of Inductive Method .................... 19 b. The Stages of Inductive Method .......................... 20 c. The Advantages of Inductive Method ................. 21 d. The Disadvantages of Inductive Method ............. 22 e. Deductive Method ...................................................... 23 a. The Definition of Deductive Method .................. 23 b. The Stages of Deductive Method ........................ 24

  c.

  The Advantages of Deductive Method ................ 24 d. The Disadvantages of Deductive Method ........... 25 B. Review of Related Research .............................................. 26 C. Basic Assumptions ............................................................ 28 D. Hypothesis ......................................................................... 29

  CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................. 30 A. The Method of the Research .............................................. 30 B. The Setting of the Research ............................................... 31 C. The Subject of the Research .............................................. 31 1. Population ................................................................... 31 2. Sample ........................................................................ 32 3. Sampling ..................................................................... 32 D. The Techniques of Collecting Data ................................... 33 1. The Instrument of Collecting Data ............................. 33 2. Validity and Reliability .............................................. 34 3. Scoring Test ................................................................ 35 E. Prerequisite Test ................................................................ 35 1. Normality Test ............................................................ 35 2. Homogeneity Test ....................................................... 36 F. The Technique of Analyzing Data ..................................... 37 G. Statistical Hypothesis ......................................................... 37 CHAPTER IV THE RESULT OF THE RESEARCH ........................................ 38 A. The Description of the Data ................................................. 38 1. Pre-test Scores ............................................................... 38 a. The Experimental Group ......................................... 38 b. The Control Group ................................................... 40 2. Post-test Scores .............................................................. 43 a. The Experimental Group ......................................... 43 b. The Control Group ................................................... 45 B. Prerequisite Testing ............................................................. 47 1. Pre-test Scores ............................................................... 47 a. Result of the Normality Test .................................... 47

  b.

  Result of the Homogeneity Test .............................. 48 c. Similarity of the Two Classes .................................. 48 2. Post-test Scores .............................................................. 49 a.

  Result of the Normality Test .................................... 49 b.

  Result of the Homogeneity Test .............................. 50 C. Hypothesis Testing ............................................................. 50 1.

  First Hypothesis ............................................................. 50 2. Second Hypothesis ......................................................... 51 D. Discussion ............................................................................ 51

  CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION ........... 53 A. Conclusion .......................................................................... 53 B. Implication .......................................................................... 53 C. Suggestion .......................................................................... 54 BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................. 55 APPENDICES ....................................................................................................... 59

LIST OF FIGURES

  Figure Page

  4.1 .......... The Histogram of the Distribution of Pre-test Scores of the Experimental Group ..................................................................................................................... 40 4.2 .. The Polygon of the Distribution of Pre-test Scores of the Experimental Group ................................................................................................................................ 40 4.3 ........ The Histogram of the Distribution of Pre-test Scores of the Control Group ................................................................................................................................ 42 4.4 ............ The Polygon of the Distribution of Pre-test Scores of the Control Group ................................................................................................................................ 42 4.5 ........ The Histogram of the Distribution of Post-test Scores of the Experimental Group ..................................................................................................................... 44

  4.6 The Polygon of the Distribution of Post-test Scores of the Experimental Group ..................................................................................................................... 45 4.7 ....... The Histogram of the Distribution of Post-test Scores of the Control Group ................................................................................................................................ 47 4.8 .......... The Polygon of the Distribution of Post-test Scores of the Control Group ................................................................................................................................ 47

LIST OF TABLES

  Table Page 2.1 ................................................ Singular Nouns, Plural Nouns, and Noun Phrases .................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2 ....................................................................................................... Regular Verbs .................................................................................................................................. 9 2.3 ...................................................................................................... Irregular Verbs ................................................................................................................................ 10 2.4 .................................................................................................. Adjectives’ Order ................................................................................................................................ 11 2.5 ................................................................... Comparative and Superlative Degree ................................................................................................................................ 12

  2.6 Past Time Expressions .................................................................................. 18

  2.7 Past Time Expressions .................................................................................. 20

  3.1 Pretest-Posttest Design .................................................................................. 32

  4.1 The Frequency of Distribution of Pre-test of the Experimental Group ........ 40

  4.2 The Frequency of Distribution of Pre-test of the Control Group .................. 42 4.3 ............... The Frequency of Distribution of Post-test of the Experimental Group ................................................................................................................................ 44 4.4 ........................ The Frequency of Distribution of Post-test of the Control Group ................................................................................................................................ 46 4.5 ............................................ The Result of the Normality Test of Pre-test Scores ................................................................................................................................ 48 4.6 ........................................... The Result of the Normality Test of Post-test Scores ................................................................................................................................ 49

LIST OF APPENDICES

  Appendix Page

  Appendix 1 Standard Competence and Basic Competence of Reading for VIII Grade Junior High School ................................................................. 61

  Appendix 2 Lesson Plan ....................................................................................... 62 Appendix 3 The Try Out Instrument ..................................................................... 90 Appendix 4 The Validity of The Instrument ......................................................... 95 Appendix 5 The Reliability of The Instrument ................................................... 100 Appendix 6 The Instrument ................................................................................ 103 Appendix 7 Pre-test Scores ................................................................................. 106 Appendix 8 Descriptive Statistics of Pre-test Scores of the Experimental Group

  ........................................................................................................ 107 Appendix 9 Descriptive Statistics of Pre-test Scores of the Control Group ....... 108 Appendix 10 Normality Test of Pre-test Scores of the Experimental Group ...... 109 Appendix 11 Normality Test of Pre-test Scores of the Control Group ................ 110 Appendix 12 Homogeneity Test of Pre-test Scores ............................................. 111 Appendix 13 Computation Test of pre-test scores ............................................... 112 Appendix 14 Post-test Scores .............................................................................. 113 Appendix 15Descriptive Statistics of Post-test Scores of the Experimental Group

  ........................................................................................................ 114 Appendix 16 Descriptive Statistics of Post-test Scores of the Control Group ..... 115 Appendix 17 Normality Test of Post-test Scores of the Experimental Group ..... 116 Appendix 18 Normality Test of Post-test Scores of the Control Group .............. 117 Appendix 19 Homogeneity Test of Post-test Scores............................................ 118 Appendix 20 Computation Test of Post-test Scores ............................................ 119

Appendix 21 Students’ Worksheet....................................................................... 120

  Appendix 22 Standard Normal Distribution Table .............................................. 132 Appendix 23 Lilliefors Table ............................................................................... 133 Appendix 24 Chi-square Table ............................................................................ 134 Appendix 25 T-test Distribution .......................................................................... 135 Appendix 26 Legalization .................................................................................... 136 Appendix 27Photographs ..................................................................................... 137 Appendix 28 Students’ Score of Middle Semester Test ...................................... 139