AGAINST PHYSICAL VIOLENCE OF MRS.POPOVA IN ANTON CHECKOV’S THE BRUTE DRAMA (1977) : Against Physical Violence Of Mrs.Popova In Anton Checkov’s The Brute Drama (1977) : A Feminist Approach.
AGAINST PHYSICAL VIOLENCE OF MRS.POPOVA
IN ANTON CHECKOV’S THE BRUTE DRAMA (1977) :
A FEMINIST APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
By:
ASTARI KIRANA DEWI
A 320 080 286
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2012
i
MOTTO
Kebahagiaan ada pada mereka yang pernah menangis, tersakiti,
menunggu dan mencoba. Karena hanya merekalah yang bisa menghargai betapa
berartinya hidup ini ketika mereka telah keluar dari semua itu .
( El Jalaludin Rumy)
You’re braver than you believe and stronger than you seem, and smarter than
you think.
(Christopher Robin)
Hanya harga diri, tahu diri, dan tahan diri, adalah tiga sifat
yang membimbing
manusia kepada kekuasaan tertinggi.
(Tear d’Bro)
Kewajiban seorang siswa adalah belajar,
maka jangan pernah kamu mengeluh apabila kamu menemui kesulitan,cobalah
untuk tetap belajar dan berdo’a
karena Tuhan akan memberikan apa yang kamu inginkan jika kamu mau
berusaha.
(Ayahku Tercinta)
iv
DEDICATION
This research paper is whole heartedly dedicated to:
Ibu and Bapak, the most precious of my life, for watching me
out from my first step.
My beloved brother Arian Surya Wicaksono.
My beloved friends, Atmi Lestiani thank for all the moments.
My beloved someone, thank for togetherness.
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Praise to Allah SWT, the Lord of Universe, for blessing and guiding the
research paper as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for getting Bachelor
Degree in English Department, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
The researcher is fully aware of people’s help and guidance. Therefore, in
this opportunity, she would like to express her gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.Ed., as the first
consultant, who has given guidance, advice, and information patiently
during arrangement of the research paper,
2. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum.,as the second consultant and her
academic consultant who has helped to correct the grammatical
structure of the research paper,
3. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M. Si., as the Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M. Hum., as the chief of English Department
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
5. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum., as her former academic consultant
who always giving guidance during her study,
6. Her beloved parent, “Mom” Kuwati and “Dad” Agus Suryono for
the love, prayer, support, patience, care, and all the sacrifices,
vi
7. Her beloved brother “Arian” for all supports and care,
8. Her second family ” Amie, Diana, Reza, Yenny, Amma, Tika, Ida,
Lia, and Ardhy for being her best friends, giving spirit, for all jokes,
laugh, trouble, nice moments, and sweet friendship,
9. Her housemate in Anugerah Boarding House, Devi, Enny, Syefa,
Rossi, and Retno for all cherish, happiness, and togetherness,
10. Her friends in English Department Class 2008, all her friends who
cannot mentioned one by one, for happiness and support,
11. Her friends in PPL SMA Al-Islam 3 Surakarta 2011,
12. Her someone special also her best friend “Jack” for togetherness,
loves, believes, honest, patience, times, sacrifice, support, all
moments, and everything had been given to her,
13. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, who
have supported her.
She realizes that her research paper is far from being perfect because
of her limited capability. Thus, revision, suggestion, and criticism are
welcome. She wishes this research paper would be useful and helpful
to readers.
Surakarta, December 2012
KIRANA
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE .............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ...................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE .............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
DEDICATION ...............................................................................................
v
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
vi
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................
vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..............................................................................
x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...............................................................
1
A. Background of the Study .................................................
1
B. Literature Review ............................................................
4
C. Problem Statement ...........................................................
6
D. Limitation of the Study ....................................................
7
E. Objective of the Study .....................................................
7
viii
F. Benefit of the Study .........................................................
7
G. Research Method .............................................................
7
1. Type of the Study .......................................................
7
2. Type of the Data and the Data Sources ......................
8
3. Technique of the Data Collection ...............................
8
4. Technique of the Data Analysis .................................
9
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ..................................................
10
A. Underlying Theory ...........................................................
10
1. Feminism ...................................................................
10
2. Physical Violence ......................................................
16
3. Against Women Physical Violence ...........................
17
4. Structural Element of the Drama ...............................
19
CHAPTER III SOCIAL –HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF RUSSIA IN
THE LATE 19th CENTURY ...............................................
28
A. Social Aspects ..................................................................
28
B. Economic Aspects ............................................................
29
C. Politic Aspects ..................................................................
32
D. Culture Aspects .................................................................
34
E. Religion Aspects ...............................................................
36
F. Science and Technology Aspects .....................................
38
G. Chekov’s Biography ........................................................
39
CHAPTER IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS................................................
42
A. Structural Analysis of Anton Chekov
ix
The Brute drama ...............................................................
42
1. Character and Characterization...................................
42
2. Setting .........................................................................
45
3. Plot .............................................................................
47
4. Point of View .............................................................
49
5. Theme ........................................................................
49
B. Discussion ........................................................................
50
CHAPTER V FEMINIST ANALYSIS .......................................................
54
A. Feminist Perspective ........................................................
54
1. Rebels against Patriarchal System .............................
54
2. Women’s Position ......................................................
57
3. Women’s Right ..........................................................
59
4. Women’s Role ...........................................................
62
5. Women’s Participation ..............................................
63
B. Discussion ........................................................................
65
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...............................
69
A. Conclusion .........................................................................
69
B. Educational Implication . ....................................................
70
C. Suggestion .........................................................................
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
x
ABSTRACT
ASTARI KIRANA DEWI. A 320 080 286. PHYSICAL VIOLENCE OF MRS.
POPOVA IN ANTON CHECKOV THE BRUTE DRAMA (1977): FEMINISM
APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF
SURAKARTA. 2012.
The major issue of this study is; how is the physical violence of Mrs.
Popova in Anton Checkov The Brute drama related with feminism approach. The
objective of this study is to analyze the novel in terms of its structural elements
and to analyze the novel based on the feminist perspective.
The research is qualitative study. The researcher uses two data sources:
primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data will be taken
from Checkov’s drama Script The Brute, while the secondary data are taken from
the other data, which have relation with the research, the underlying theory
(feminism perspective), Russian feminism and other materials concern to the
analysis. The data collection method is reading the drama script more than just
one, until the researcher gets the message offered from the script and gets an
adequate information or data to be analyzed, reading some other resources related
to the theories, taking notes for the important parts both in primary and secondary
sources in data cards. The note can be book or computer. Classifying the data into
categories and develop them into a good unit and making conclusion.
The results of the study show; Rebels against Patriarchal System in The
Brute drama shows that Mrs. Popova as a woman feels that she cannot live
without her husband. Mrs. Popova is begging to Smirnov because she cannot do
anything with the condition of her on that time related with the money. Women’s
Position in The Brute drama shows that the position of women is absolutely
subordinated to men, especially Mrs. Popova. Mrs. Popova is a woman and as a
wife. As a wife, she knows her position that she has to keep loyal to her husband,
even her husband is dead. There are only two women’s rights that appeared in
Mrs. Popova personality. The first is the right to get respect and the second is the
right for love and being loved. The role of women in The Brute drama appears
when Mrs. Popova tries to protect her grade and status as wife and as widow. She
does this to protect her status because Smirnov has condescended her.
Keywords : Feminism, The Brute, Anton Chekov
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.E
NIK. 772
Dean
Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum.
NIK.567
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
NIK. 547
xi
IN ANTON CHECKOV’S THE BRUTE DRAMA (1977) :
A FEMINIST APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
By:
ASTARI KIRANA DEWI
A 320 080 286
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2012
i
MOTTO
Kebahagiaan ada pada mereka yang pernah menangis, tersakiti,
menunggu dan mencoba. Karena hanya merekalah yang bisa menghargai betapa
berartinya hidup ini ketika mereka telah keluar dari semua itu .
( El Jalaludin Rumy)
You’re braver than you believe and stronger than you seem, and smarter than
you think.
(Christopher Robin)
Hanya harga diri, tahu diri, dan tahan diri, adalah tiga sifat
yang membimbing
manusia kepada kekuasaan tertinggi.
(Tear d’Bro)
Kewajiban seorang siswa adalah belajar,
maka jangan pernah kamu mengeluh apabila kamu menemui kesulitan,cobalah
untuk tetap belajar dan berdo’a
karena Tuhan akan memberikan apa yang kamu inginkan jika kamu mau
berusaha.
(Ayahku Tercinta)
iv
DEDICATION
This research paper is whole heartedly dedicated to:
Ibu and Bapak, the most precious of my life, for watching me
out from my first step.
My beloved brother Arian Surya Wicaksono.
My beloved friends, Atmi Lestiani thank for all the moments.
My beloved someone, thank for togetherness.
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Praise to Allah SWT, the Lord of Universe, for blessing and guiding the
research paper as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for getting Bachelor
Degree in English Department, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
The researcher is fully aware of people’s help and guidance. Therefore, in
this opportunity, she would like to express her gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.Ed., as the first
consultant, who has given guidance, advice, and information patiently
during arrangement of the research paper,
2. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum.,as the second consultant and her
academic consultant who has helped to correct the grammatical
structure of the research paper,
3. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M. Si., as the Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M. Hum., as the chief of English Department
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
5. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum., as her former academic consultant
who always giving guidance during her study,
6. Her beloved parent, “Mom” Kuwati and “Dad” Agus Suryono for
the love, prayer, support, patience, care, and all the sacrifices,
vi
7. Her beloved brother “Arian” for all supports and care,
8. Her second family ” Amie, Diana, Reza, Yenny, Amma, Tika, Ida,
Lia, and Ardhy for being her best friends, giving spirit, for all jokes,
laugh, trouble, nice moments, and sweet friendship,
9. Her housemate in Anugerah Boarding House, Devi, Enny, Syefa,
Rossi, and Retno for all cherish, happiness, and togetherness,
10. Her friends in English Department Class 2008, all her friends who
cannot mentioned one by one, for happiness and support,
11. Her friends in PPL SMA Al-Islam 3 Surakarta 2011,
12. Her someone special also her best friend “Jack” for togetherness,
loves, believes, honest, patience, times, sacrifice, support, all
moments, and everything had been given to her,
13. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, who
have supported her.
She realizes that her research paper is far from being perfect because
of her limited capability. Thus, revision, suggestion, and criticism are
welcome. She wishes this research paper would be useful and helpful
to readers.
Surakarta, December 2012
KIRANA
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE .............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ...................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE .............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
DEDICATION ...............................................................................................
v
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
vi
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................
vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..............................................................................
x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...............................................................
1
A. Background of the Study .................................................
1
B. Literature Review ............................................................
4
C. Problem Statement ...........................................................
6
D. Limitation of the Study ....................................................
7
E. Objective of the Study .....................................................
7
viii
F. Benefit of the Study .........................................................
7
G. Research Method .............................................................
7
1. Type of the Study .......................................................
7
2. Type of the Data and the Data Sources ......................
8
3. Technique of the Data Collection ...............................
8
4. Technique of the Data Analysis .................................
9
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ..................................................
10
A. Underlying Theory ...........................................................
10
1. Feminism ...................................................................
10
2. Physical Violence ......................................................
16
3. Against Women Physical Violence ...........................
17
4. Structural Element of the Drama ...............................
19
CHAPTER III SOCIAL –HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF RUSSIA IN
THE LATE 19th CENTURY ...............................................
28
A. Social Aspects ..................................................................
28
B. Economic Aspects ............................................................
29
C. Politic Aspects ..................................................................
32
D. Culture Aspects .................................................................
34
E. Religion Aspects ...............................................................
36
F. Science and Technology Aspects .....................................
38
G. Chekov’s Biography ........................................................
39
CHAPTER IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS................................................
42
A. Structural Analysis of Anton Chekov
ix
The Brute drama ...............................................................
42
1. Character and Characterization...................................
42
2. Setting .........................................................................
45
3. Plot .............................................................................
47
4. Point of View .............................................................
49
5. Theme ........................................................................
49
B. Discussion ........................................................................
50
CHAPTER V FEMINIST ANALYSIS .......................................................
54
A. Feminist Perspective ........................................................
54
1. Rebels against Patriarchal System .............................
54
2. Women’s Position ......................................................
57
3. Women’s Right ..........................................................
59
4. Women’s Role ...........................................................
62
5. Women’s Participation ..............................................
63
B. Discussion ........................................................................
65
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...............................
69
A. Conclusion .........................................................................
69
B. Educational Implication . ....................................................
70
C. Suggestion .........................................................................
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
x
ABSTRACT
ASTARI KIRANA DEWI. A 320 080 286. PHYSICAL VIOLENCE OF MRS.
POPOVA IN ANTON CHECKOV THE BRUTE DRAMA (1977): FEMINISM
APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF
SURAKARTA. 2012.
The major issue of this study is; how is the physical violence of Mrs.
Popova in Anton Checkov The Brute drama related with feminism approach. The
objective of this study is to analyze the novel in terms of its structural elements
and to analyze the novel based on the feminist perspective.
The research is qualitative study. The researcher uses two data sources:
primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data will be taken
from Checkov’s drama Script The Brute, while the secondary data are taken from
the other data, which have relation with the research, the underlying theory
(feminism perspective), Russian feminism and other materials concern to the
analysis. The data collection method is reading the drama script more than just
one, until the researcher gets the message offered from the script and gets an
adequate information or data to be analyzed, reading some other resources related
to the theories, taking notes for the important parts both in primary and secondary
sources in data cards. The note can be book or computer. Classifying the data into
categories and develop them into a good unit and making conclusion.
The results of the study show; Rebels against Patriarchal System in The
Brute drama shows that Mrs. Popova as a woman feels that she cannot live
without her husband. Mrs. Popova is begging to Smirnov because she cannot do
anything with the condition of her on that time related with the money. Women’s
Position in The Brute drama shows that the position of women is absolutely
subordinated to men, especially Mrs. Popova. Mrs. Popova is a woman and as a
wife. As a wife, she knows her position that she has to keep loyal to her husband,
even her husband is dead. There are only two women’s rights that appeared in
Mrs. Popova personality. The first is the right to get respect and the second is the
right for love and being loved. The role of women in The Brute drama appears
when Mrs. Popova tries to protect her grade and status as wife and as widow. She
does this to protect her status because Smirnov has condescended her.
Keywords : Feminism, The Brute, Anton Chekov
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.E
NIK. 772
Dean
Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum.
NIK.567
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
NIK. 547
xi