Dwiwahju Sasongko Secretary and Board Me

QUALITY ASSURANCE
AND
ACCREDITATION

Seminar on Accreditation of Health Study Programs by IAAHEH
Jakarta, August 12, 2014
Dwiwahju Sasongko, Secretary and Board Member
BADAN AKREDITASI NASIONAL PERGURUAN TINGGI
(BAN-PT)
NATIONAL ACCREDITATION AGENCY FOR HIGHER EDUCATION
(NAAHE)

BAN-PT
1

ACCREDITATION

UU No 20/2003 Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, pasal 1 ayat 22

”Akreditasi adalah kegiatan penilaian kelayakan program dalam
satuan

t
pendidikan
didik b
berdasarkan
d
k kkriteria
it i yang ttelah
l h dit
ditetapkan.”
t k ”
“… a process of external quality review used by higher education to
scrutinize colleges, universities and higher education programs for quality
assurance and quality improvement (CHEA, 2000).”

accountability
“… a window into higher
education institution”
(Peril & Promise, WB 2000)

QUALITY ASSURANCE

} Internal
} External

►►
►►

SELF EVALUATION
ACCREDITATION
2

1

QUALITY ASSURANCE CYCLE
IQAS = Internal Quality Assurance System
EQSA = External Quality Assurance System

CQI = Continuous Quality Improvement

EQAS
SELF EVALUATION

IQAS
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT
AND SUPERVISION

INTERNAL
IMPROVEMENT

EXTERNAL EVALUATION/
ACCREDITATION
3

►►►quality culture

NATIONAL ACCREDITATION AGENCIES (NAAs)
IN INDONESIA AT PRESENT
‰ NAAs
• Higher Education (NAAHE, BAN-PT), 1994)
• Primary and Secondary Education (NAAPSE,1994)
• Non-formal Education (NAANFE, 2006).

‰ All NAAs report to Minister of Education and Culture.
‰ NAAHE (BAN-PT) is currently a sole, independent and
authorized accreditation agency for higher education
in Indonesia.
‰ NAAHE (BAN-PT) is member of INQAAHE (International
Network for Quality Assurance Agencies for Higher
Education), APQN (Asia Pacific Quality Network),
AQAN (ASEAN Quality Assurance Network) and
QAAIW (Quality Assurance Agencies of Islamic World)
and has bilateral agreements with some QA agencies.
4

2

HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDONESIA (LEGAL BASIS) - 1

ƒ Act No. 20/2003 - National Education System
ƒ Government Regulation No. 19/2005 - National Standards on
Education
No. 28/2005 - National

ƒ Minister of National Education Regulation No
Accreditation Agency for Higher Education
ƒ Ministry of National Education Strategic Plans, 2005-2009 and 20102014.
ƒ Government Regulation No. 17/2010 – Management and
Organization of Education
ƒ Government Regulation No. 66/2010 – Amendment of Government
Regulation No17/2010
ƒ Presidential Regulation No. 8/2012 – Indonesian National
Qualification Framework
ƒ Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 59/2012 – National
Accreditation Agencies
5

HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDONESIA (LEGAL BASIS) - 2

ƒ Act No. 12/2012 – Higher Education
ƒ Government Regulation No. 32/2013 – Amendment of Government
Regulation No.19/2005
No. 73/2013 –
ƒ Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No

Implementation of Indonesian Qualification Framework
ƒ Government Regulation No. 4/2014 – Organization of Higher
Education and Management of Higher Education Institution
ƒ Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 49/2014 – National
Standards on Higher Education
ƒ Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 50/2014 – Quality
Assurance System in Higher Education
ƒ Minister of Education and Culture Regulation (draft) - Accreditation

6

3

PARADIGM SHIFT IN QUALITY ASSURANCE
IN INDONESIA (LEGAL BASIS, 2003 - PRESENT)
z Voluntary accreditation ⇒ compulsory accreditation
z Accreditation of programs ⇒ accreditation of programs and
institutions
z Voluntary internal quality assurance ⇒ compulsory internal
quality assurance

z Single accreditation agency for accreditation of programs and
institutions ⇒ multiple accreditation agencies, BAN-PT for
accreditation of institution and independent accreditation
agencies for accreditation of programs
IQA and EQA are mandatory
7

CURRENT TASKS AND FUNCTIONS OF BAN-PT
(Minister of National Education Regulation No 28/2005,
Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No 59/2012)

TASKS:
1. To formulate policy on accreditation.
2. To disseminate accreditation policy.
3 To assess programs and HEIs
3.
HEIs.
FUNCTIONS:
1. To formulate policy and define accreditation for higher education;
2. To formulate accreditation criteria and manuals/instruments;

3. To disseminate policy, criteria and accreditation
manuals/instruments;
4. To assess programs and HEIs;
5. To give recommendation for quality improvement;
6. To publish accreditation status to public;
7. To report accreditation status to the Minister;
8. To manage administrative work.
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4

ACCREDITATION OF PROGRAMS AND HEIs
‰ ACCREDITATION OF PROGRAMS:
z Since 1996: bachelor (undergraduate) programs (single
instrument)
z Since 1999: master programs (single instrument)
z Since 2001:
• vocational programs (single instrument)
• doctoral programs (single instrument)
z Since 2006: open university programs (single instrument)

z Since 2008: professional programs (accountant - 2008,
pharmacist - 2011, psychologist - 2013, medical doctor - 2014,
dentist - 2014, ners - 2014, others will be implemented in near
future)
‰ ACCREDITATION OF HEIs:
z Since 2007 (single instrument for different HEIs, namely
university, institute, school, polytechnic, college)
Summative assessment every 5 years.
1996-1997: desk assessment only.
Since 1998: combined desk evaluation (adequacy assessment) and visit
(field assessment).

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CHALLENGES

ƒ More than 4,000 HEIs
ƒ More than 20,000 programs
ƒ Responsible ministries:
ƒ Ministry of Education and Culture

ƒ Ministry of Religious Affairs
ƒ Ministry of Health
ƒ Ministry of Domestic Affairs
ƒ Ministry of Defense
ƒ Ministry of Transportation
ƒ etc

HIGHER EDUCATION INS
STITUTIONS
(IN
N NUMBERS)

ƒ
ƒ
ƒ

10

5

CHALLENGES
NEW PA
ARADIGM OF ACCREDITATION
IN INDONESIA

z New legal basis:
{ Act No. 12/2012 – Higher Education
Î Accreditation of HEIs by BAN-PT and programs by
independent agencies (to be established).
{ Presidential Regulation No. 8/2012 – Indonesian Qualification
Framework
Î Learning outcomes: education, training, work experience, self
learning (ÎRPL)
{ National Standards on Higher Education
Î Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 49/2012

Basis of evaluation:

Accreditation instruments:

Inputs
Processes
Outputs

Generic
Specific/professional

Outcomes
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CHALLENGES TO ACCREDITATION AGENCIES
NAAHE (BAN-PT):
• institutional accreditation
• establishment of HEIs
• program accreditation (for not yet established IAAHEs)
• establishment of new programs (for not yet established IAAHEs)
• recommendation and evaluation of IAAHEs
IAAHE-1

IAAHE-2

IAAHE-3

IAAHE-4

IAAHE-n

IAAHE = Independent Accreditation Agency for Higher Education (LAM-PT)
• program accreditation
Examples (in preparation):
• IAAHE in Health – Establishment of IAAHEH (Indonesia Accreditation
Agency for Higher Education in Health), HPEQ Project, WB, Ministry of
Education and Culture (MoEC).
• IAAHE in Engineering - Establishment of IABEE (Indonesia Accreditation
Board for Engineering Education) ⇒ Washington Accord signatory.
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6

Act No 12/2012 – Higher Education
Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No 49/2014
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

Content (curriculum);
Process;
Graduate competence;
Faculty members and non-academic staff;
Infrastructure and facilities;
Management;
Budgeting and costing; and
Process evaluation
evaluation.

NATIONALSTA
ANDARDS ON
HIGHER
R EDUCATION

Government Regulation No 19/2005 - National Education Standard

z Standards for research (8 standards)
z Standards for community services (8 standards)
13

IQAS AND EQAS CHALLENGES
QUALITY A
ASSURANCE SYSTEM

BSNP
NSHE

PDPT

DGHE
IQAS

EQAS

HEI’s/DGHE

BAN-PT
Design

Implementation

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7

OPPORTUNITIES
{ Summative
{ Formative

z Basis of evaluation:
{
{
{
{

Input
Process
Output
Outcome

z Data/information collection:
{ Form type
{ Portfolio (self evaluation report)

z Instrument/manual
/
of accreditation:
{ Generic
{ Specific (professional program)

MODELS OF
ACCREDIT
TATION ASSESSME
ENT

z Evaluation model:

z Result:
{ Accredited (with/without rank)
{ Not accredited
15

ACCREDITATION MANUALS/INSTRUMENTS
(PRESENT)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Academic Paper
Standard and Procedure
Form for Program
Form for Faculty/School
Guideline for Completion of Form
Guideline for Scoring
Scoring Matrix
Guideline for Field Assessment
Guideline for Self Evaluation

Note:
Single instrument for all programs and HEI’s
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8

NAAHE ACCREDITATION PROCEDURE
SELF EVALUATION
REPORT,
DATA AND
NECESSARY DOCUMENTS
(Program/HEI)

15 board members
3 technical assistants
2000 ++ assessors
SURVEILLENCE
FIELD ASSESSMENT
(Assessors and Board Member)

MONITORING/APPEAL
(NAAHE/Program/HEI/Community)

ADEQUACY
ASSESSMENT
(Assessors), 1 day (2 days for HEI)
DECISION MAKING ON
ADEQUACY ASSESSMENT
(Board)
FIELD
ASSESSMENT
(Assessors), 2 days (3-5 days for HEI)

VALIDATION
(Board)

DECISION MAKING ON ALL ASSESSMENT
(Board)

ANNOUNCEMENT OF
ACCREDITATION STATUS
(Secretariat)

17

SHIFT IN HEIs GOVERNANCE MODEL
(CHALLENGES)

OLD MODEL

control

State control model

NEW MODEL
autonomy
State supervision model

18

9

HEI AUTONOMY

‰
‰

Change in organization and management
of HEI
Issues:
• Autonomy ► accountability
• Accountability ► flexibility
• Flexibility ► procedure

19

HEI CHALLENGES
z
z

Cultural, economic and political changes.
New contexts of universities’ tasks:
– Platforms in generating new learning and for producing

and transferring new knowledge and technologies.
– Expansion of frontiers of science and technology.

z

University models:
– Teaching university.
– Research and development university.
– Entrepreneurial university.
– Corporate university.
– etc.

►►

New forms of higher education institutions
⇒⇒ HEI CULTURE
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10

FUTURE NAAHE (BAN-PT)
1. Repositioning NAAHE (BAN-PT) in Indonesia quality
assurance system.
2. Strengthening NAHEE (BAN-PT) management.
3. Developing accreditation standards and instruments,
particularly in relation with IQF and recently issued national
standards on higher education.
4. Developing IT-based accreditation to ensure accuracy,
rapidity, validity, effectiveness and efficiency.
5. Supporting establishment of independent accreditation
agencies for higher education
education.
6. Strengthening strategic alliances: national, regional,
international.
7. Improving capacity of assessors and supporting staff.
8. Carrying out studies on impacts of accreditation.
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END

Thank you

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