S PEK 0804472 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK.......................................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................ iv
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................ ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................. 1
1.1
Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................... 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah.................................................................................. 6
1.3
Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................... 7
BAB II TINJUAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN DAN HIPOTESIS
2.1
Kajian Pustaka ...................................................................................... 9
2.1.1
Definisi Kemiskinan ...................................................................... 9
2.1.2
Teori Kemiskinan ......................................................................... 10
2.1.3
Indikator Kemiskinan ................................................................... 13
2.1.4
Karakteristik Kemiskinan ............................................................ 17
2.1.5
Penyebab Kemiskinan .................................................................. 21
2.1.6
Pendapatan ................................................................................... 23
2.1.7
Pendidikan .................................................................................... 25
2.1.8
Kepemilikan Modal...................................................................... 27
2.2
Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................................................... 28
2.3
Kerangka Pemikiran ........................................................................... 30
2.4
Hipotesis ............................................................................................. 34
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................. 36
3.1
Objek Penelitian.................................................................................. 36
3.2
Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 36
3.3
Populasi dan Sampel ........................................................................... 36
3.4
Operasional Variabel .......................................................................... 39
3.5
Sumber Data ....................................................................................... 41
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3.6
Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................. 42
3.7
Instrumen Penelitian ........................................................................... 42
3.8
Teknik Analisis Data dan Pengujian Hipotesis .................................. 44
3.8.1
Teknik Analisis Data .................................................................... 44
3.8.2
Koefisien Determinasi.................................................................. 45
3.8.3
Pengujian Hipotesis Secara Individual (Uji t) .............................. 46
3.8.4
Pengujian Hipotesis Secara Keseluruhan (Uji F) ......................... 47
3.8.5
Analisis Regresi Menggunakan Regresi Banyak (Multiple Regression)
3.8.6
Uji Asumsi Klasik ........................................................................ 49
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................ 55
4.1
Hasil Penelitian ................................................................................... 55
4.1.1
Deskripsi Subjek Penelitian ......................................................... 55
4.1.2
Gambaran Umum Responden ...................................................... 56
4.1.3
Gambaran Umum Variabel .......................................................... 59
4.1.4
Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas .............................................. 67
4.1.5
Uji Hipotesis ................................................................................ 68
4.1.5
Uji Asumsi Statistik ..................................................................... 71
4.2
Pembahasan ........................................................................................ 73
4.2.1
Pengaruh Pendapatan terhadap Kemiskinan ................................ 73
4.2.2
Pengaruh Pendidikan terhadap Kemiskinan ................................ 76
4.2.3
Pengaruh Kepemilikan Modal terhadap Kemiskinan .................. 78
4.3
Implikasi Pendidikan .......................................................................... 79
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .......................................................... 82
5.1
Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 82
5.2
Saran ................................................................................................... 82
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 84
vii
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1.1 Perkembangan Jumlah Penduduk Miskin di Kabupaten Indramayu…...1
Tabel 1.2 Jumlah Rumah Menurut Kualitas di Kecamatan Juntinyuat……………3
Tabel 1.3 Jumlah Pentahapan Keluarga Sejahtera di Kecamatan Juntinyuat…….4
Tabel 1.4 Komposisi Jumlah Penduduk Desa Limbangan Menurut Pendidikan…5
Tabel 2.1 Pandangan Neo Liberal Dan Sosial Demokrat Terhadap Kemiskinan..11
Tabel 2.2 Penelitian Terdahulu…………………………………………………..29
Tabel 3.1 Perhitungan Jumlah Sampel Nelayan Miskin di Desa Limbangan
Tingkat RW……………………………………………………...……38
Tabel 3.2 Operasional Variabel………………………………………………….39
Tabel 4.1 Deskripsi Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin……………………56
Tabel 4.2 Deskripsi Responden Berdasarkan Usia………………………………57
Tabel 4.3 Deskripsi Responden Berdasarkan Status Nelayan…………………...58
Tabel 4.4 Kemiskinan Nelayan Desa Limbangan………………………………..60
Tabel 4.5 Pendapatan Nelayan Desa Limbangan /Bulan………………………...62
Tabel 4.6 Pendidikan Nelayan Desa Limbangan………………………………...63
Tabel 4.7 Kepemilikan Modal Nelayan Desa Limbangan……………………….66
Tabel 4.8 Rekapitulasi Validitas Setiap Item…………………………………….67
Tabel 4.9 Rekapitulasi Reliabilitas Setiap Item………………………………….68
Tabel 4.10 Ringkasan Hasil Regresi (uji R2)…………………………………….68
Tabel 4.11 Ringkasan Hasil Regresi (uji t)………………………………………70
Tabel 4.12 Uji Multikolinearitas…………………………………………………71
Tabel 4.13 Uji matriks korelasi ………………………………………………….72
Tabel 4.14 Uji Autokorelasi Menggunakan Run Test…………………………...73
viii
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Lingkaran Setan Kemiskinan Versi Nurske…….………………….12
Gambar 2.2 Kerangka Pemikiran………………………………………………..34
Gambar 3.1 Statistika d Durbin- Watson………………………………………..54
Gambar 4.1 Peta Desa Limbangan……………………………………………….56
Gambar 4.2 Responden Berdasarkan Jenis………………………………………57
Gambar 4.3 Responden Berdasarkan Usia……………………………………….58
Gambar 4.4 Responden Berdasarkan Status Nelayan……………………………59
Gambar 4.5 Gambaran Model Penelitian………………………………………...71
Gambar 4.6 Diagram Pencar……………………………………………………..72
ix
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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ABSTRAK.......................................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................ iv
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................ ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................. 1
1.1
Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................... 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah.................................................................................. 6
1.3
Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................... 7
BAB II TINJUAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN DAN HIPOTESIS
2.1
Kajian Pustaka ...................................................................................... 9
2.1.1
Definisi Kemiskinan ...................................................................... 9
2.1.2
Teori Kemiskinan ......................................................................... 10
2.1.3
Indikator Kemiskinan ................................................................... 13
2.1.4
Karakteristik Kemiskinan ............................................................ 17
2.1.5
Penyebab Kemiskinan .................................................................. 21
2.1.6
Pendapatan ................................................................................... 23
2.1.7
Pendidikan .................................................................................... 25
2.1.8
Kepemilikan Modal...................................................................... 27
2.2
Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................................................... 28
2.3
Kerangka Pemikiran ........................................................................... 30
2.4
Hipotesis ............................................................................................. 34
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................. 36
3.1
Objek Penelitian.................................................................................. 36
3.2
Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 36
3.3
Populasi dan Sampel ........................................................................... 36
3.4
Operasional Variabel .......................................................................... 39
3.5
Sumber Data ....................................................................................... 41
vi
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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN
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9
3.6
Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................. 42
3.7
Instrumen Penelitian ........................................................................... 42
3.8
Teknik Analisis Data dan Pengujian Hipotesis .................................. 44
3.8.1
Teknik Analisis Data .................................................................... 44
3.8.2
Koefisien Determinasi.................................................................. 45
3.8.3
Pengujian Hipotesis Secara Individual (Uji t) .............................. 46
3.8.4
Pengujian Hipotesis Secara Keseluruhan (Uji F) ......................... 47
3.8.5
Analisis Regresi Menggunakan Regresi Banyak (Multiple Regression)
3.8.6
Uji Asumsi Klasik ........................................................................ 49
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................ 55
4.1
Hasil Penelitian ................................................................................... 55
4.1.1
Deskripsi Subjek Penelitian ......................................................... 55
4.1.2
Gambaran Umum Responden ...................................................... 56
4.1.3
Gambaran Umum Variabel .......................................................... 59
4.1.4
Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas .............................................. 67
4.1.5
Uji Hipotesis ................................................................................ 68
4.1.5
Uji Asumsi Statistik ..................................................................... 71
4.2
Pembahasan ........................................................................................ 73
4.2.1
Pengaruh Pendapatan terhadap Kemiskinan ................................ 73
4.2.2
Pengaruh Pendidikan terhadap Kemiskinan ................................ 76
4.2.3
Pengaruh Kepemilikan Modal terhadap Kemiskinan .................. 78
4.3
Implikasi Pendidikan .......................................................................... 79
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .......................................................... 82
5.1
Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 82
5.2
Saran ................................................................................................... 82
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 84
vii
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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1.1 Perkembangan Jumlah Penduduk Miskin di Kabupaten Indramayu…...1
Tabel 1.2 Jumlah Rumah Menurut Kualitas di Kecamatan Juntinyuat……………3
Tabel 1.3 Jumlah Pentahapan Keluarga Sejahtera di Kecamatan Juntinyuat…….4
Tabel 1.4 Komposisi Jumlah Penduduk Desa Limbangan Menurut Pendidikan…5
Tabel 2.1 Pandangan Neo Liberal Dan Sosial Demokrat Terhadap Kemiskinan..11
Tabel 2.2 Penelitian Terdahulu…………………………………………………..29
Tabel 3.1 Perhitungan Jumlah Sampel Nelayan Miskin di Desa Limbangan
Tingkat RW……………………………………………………...……38
Tabel 3.2 Operasional Variabel………………………………………………….39
Tabel 4.1 Deskripsi Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin……………………56
Tabel 4.2 Deskripsi Responden Berdasarkan Usia………………………………57
Tabel 4.3 Deskripsi Responden Berdasarkan Status Nelayan…………………...58
Tabel 4.4 Kemiskinan Nelayan Desa Limbangan………………………………..60
Tabel 4.5 Pendapatan Nelayan Desa Limbangan /Bulan………………………...62
Tabel 4.6 Pendidikan Nelayan Desa Limbangan………………………………...63
Tabel 4.7 Kepemilikan Modal Nelayan Desa Limbangan……………………….66
Tabel 4.8 Rekapitulasi Validitas Setiap Item…………………………………….67
Tabel 4.9 Rekapitulasi Reliabilitas Setiap Item………………………………….68
Tabel 4.10 Ringkasan Hasil Regresi (uji R2)…………………………………….68
Tabel 4.11 Ringkasan Hasil Regresi (uji t)………………………………………70
Tabel 4.12 Uji Multikolinearitas…………………………………………………71
Tabel 4.13 Uji matriks korelasi ………………………………………………….72
Tabel 4.14 Uji Autokorelasi Menggunakan Run Test…………………………...73
viii
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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Lingkaran Setan Kemiskinan Versi Nurske…….………………….12
Gambar 2.2 Kerangka Pemikiran………………………………………………..34
Gambar 3.1 Statistika d Durbin- Watson………………………………………..54
Gambar 4.1 Peta Desa Limbangan……………………………………………….56
Gambar 4.2 Responden Berdasarkan Jenis………………………………………57
Gambar 4.3 Responden Berdasarkan Usia……………………………………….58
Gambar 4.4 Responden Berdasarkan Status Nelayan……………………………59
Gambar 4.5 Gambaran Model Penelitian………………………………………...71
Gambar 4.6 Diagram Pencar……………………………………………………..72
ix
Dian Septianda, 2016
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu