The text comprehensibility as seen from the students' comprehension on the English physical science texts with and without cohesive markers - Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Repository

IX

APPONDIX A

samplesof studentsanswerandthe key-answers
betrveen
Comparison
(Beginninglevel)

Numberof
Subjects

SubjectI

Numbersof
Questions

Students
Answers

Theuseis

aroundthe
householdto
softsnhard
water.

Key-Answer

Theuseof
Kegunaan
Boraksadalah Boraxis to
soften
untuk
as
menglrilangkanhardwater,
air anantiseptic
kesadahan
dansebagai andasa flux
for welding
antiseptic,
metals.

sertalogam
las.

Borax
Borax
dissolves
melarutkan
oksidalogam metallic
oxides,forms
untuk
a clean
membentuk
meallic
permukaan
surfaceand
logamyang
thenis usedas
mengkilap,
a flux for
kemudian

welding
digunakan
lapisan metals.
sebagai
rmtuklas.
Theuseof
Kegunaan
fuound the
boraksadalah boraxis to
household
P
softenhard
urtuk
soften
and menghilangkanwater,asan
hardwater

A substance
dissolves
metallic

oxides,forms
a clean
metallic
surface.

as kesadahanair
somenmes
anantiseptic. sebagai
antisepticdan
logamlas.
A substance
dissolves
metallic
oxides,forms
a clean
metallic
surfaceand is
usedasflrx.

Unruklas

Subject3

.'l

6

(wrong
answer)

Subject4

5

KarenaBorax
bisameleleh
I
| dansebagai
salahsatu
unsurpadalas

(formula
NazBqQ)

i.l

A clean

antiseptic,and
as a flux for
welding
metals.

Borax
Borax
dissolves
melarutkan
logam
metallic
oksida
oxides,forms

untuk
a clean
membentuk
permukaan
metallic
surfaceand
logamyang
then is usedas
mengkilap,
a flux for
kemudian
welding
digunakan
sebagailapisan metals.
untuk las.
The useof
Kegunaan
boraks adalah borax is to
soften
untuk

menghilangkan hardwater,as
kesadahanair, an antiseptic,
and as.a flux
sebagai
antiseptic dan for welding
metals.
logamlas.
Borax
melarutkan
oksidalogam
untuk
membentuk
permukaan
logamyang
mengkilap,
kemudian
digunakan
sebagailapisan
untuk las.

Borax
dissolves
metallic
oxides,forms
a clean
metallic
surfaceand
then is usedas
a flux for
welding
metals.

I Kegunaan

The use of

(uncomplete metallic
surfaceand is
answer)
usedas a flux

for weldine
metal.

boraksadalah
untuk
menghilangkan
kesadahanair,
sebagai
antisepticdan
logamlas.

Borax is to
soften
hardwater, as
an antiseptic,
and as a flux
welding
for
metal.

Borax
Borax
dissolves
melarutkan
oksidalogarn metallic
oxides,forms
untuk
a clean
membentuk
metallic
permukaan
surfaceand
yang
then is usedas
mengkilap,
a flux for
kemudian
welding
digunakan
sebagailapisan metals.
untuk las.
The use of
Cleanmetallic Kegunaan
5
(uncomplete surface,and is boraksadalah Borax is to
soften
usedas a flux untuk
answer)
menghilangkan hardwater, as
for weldine
kesadahanair, an antiseptic,
metals.
and as a flux
sebagai
antisepticdan for welding
metals.
logamlas.
Karena
mengandung
formula
Na2B407

Subject5

Borax
mengandung
formula
Na2BrOz

Borax
melarutkan
oksidalogam
untuk
membentuk
permukaan
yang
mengkilap,
kemudian
digunakan

Borax
dissolves
meAllic
oxides, forms
a clean
metallic
surface and
then is used as
a flux for

Subject6

The useof
Kegunaan
boraksadalah boraxis to
softenhard
untuk
menghilangkan water,as an
kesadahanair, antiseptic,and
as a flux for
sebagai
antisepticdan weldingmetal.
logamlas.

For making
glasesand
enamels

Borax
Boraks
dissolves
melarutkan
oksidaIogam metallic...
untuk
membentuk...

The useis
aroundthe
householdto
softenhard
waterand
as
sometimes
an antiseptic.

Subject7

Subject8

The useis
aroundthe
householdto
softenhard
water and
sometimesas
an antiseptic.

5
(correct
answer)

dissolves
metalliq
oxides.forms
a clean
metallic
surface
Arcund the
household to
softenhard
waterand
sometimesas
an antiseptic.
Karenaborax
bisa

answer)

Subject9

5
(conect
answer)

6
(conect
answer)

dieunakan
untuk
membersihkan
metallic
surface.a flux
for weldine
metals.
Boraxuseis
aroundthe
householdto
soften
hardwaterand
sometimesas
an antiseptic.

dino

i Borax

I air*ru"t
metallicoxide.
I
l fo rmaclean
Il - metallic

andis
I surface.
usedasa flux
I
for weldine
I
lmetals.
Subjectl0

ditto

)
(correct
answer)

The useis
aroundthe
householdto
soften
hardwaterand
sometimesas
an antiseptic.

6
(correct
answer)

a substance
dissolves
metallic
oxides.forms
a clear
metallic
surface.

ditto

ditto

SubjectI I

Subjectl2

5
(correct
answer)

The useis
aroundthe
householdto
soften
hardwaterand
sometimesas
an antiseptic.

6
(correct
answer)

a substance
dissolves
metallic
oxides.forms
a clean
metallic
surfaccand is
usedasa flux
fcirwelding
metals.

5
(correct
answer)

The useis
aroundthe
householdto
soften
hardwaterand
sometimesas
an antiseptic.

6
(wrong
answer)

Wereusedfor
making
glassesand
enamelsfor
pasttwo more
decades
considerable
quantitiesof
compounds
havebeen
usedin
making
66

ditto

ditto

diuo

ditto

Subject13

5
(conect
answer)

6
(wrong
answer)

Subject14

)
(conect
answer)
6
(uncomplete
answer)

Subject15

5
(wrong
answer)
6
(correct
answer)

Subjectl6

5
6

borosilicates
glass.
Theuseis
aroundthe
householdto
soften
hardwaterand
sometimes
as
an antiseptic.
A substance
dissolved
metallic
oxidesformsa
cleanmetallic
surface and is
usedasa flux
for weldine
metals.
Untuk
antiseptik
Becauseborax
forms a clean
metals.
Coloudess
flame,oneof
alcohol.
A substance
dissolves
metallic
oxides.forms
a clean
metallic
surface.
Antiseptic
Karenaboric
acid

ditto

difto

ditto

ditto

ditto

ditto

ditto

ditto

Subject17

)
(conect
answer)

6
(conect
answer)

Subject18

crystallizesin
colorless,
lustrous
scales,Karena
botak
dikristalisasi
untuk
pewarnaan
lidah api,
sehingga
timbul sinar
yang
berkilauan,
danjuga
substansiyang
melarutkan
metalik
oksida.
Untuk
antiseptikdan
soften
hardwater

ditto

Karena
melarutkan
substansi
oksidapada
las. dari
oembersihan
metallic
sprface.

answer)

Boraxuntuk I
melapisikaca I
agartak
I
mudahnecah,
I
gelaspYrex.
I

6
(corect

A substance I
dissolves I

5
(wrong

ditto

I

ditto

ditto

answer)

Subject19

5
(correct
answer)

6
(correct
answer)

Subject20

5
(conect
answer)

6
(correct
answer)

metallic
oxides.formas
a clean
metallic
surface.
Digunakan
sebagaiair
sadahdan
antiseptik.
Karenadapat
melarutkan
metalikoxide,
membersihkan
metalik dan
dieunakan
untuk logam
las.
The useis
I
I
aroundthe
I

ditto

ditto

ditto

ditto

ditto

ditto

I

householdto
I
soften
I
I
hardwaterand I
antisentic. I

II

borax
I
1Because
lasubstance I
Il -dissolves
I
-l
I metallic

forms
I oxides.

I
I

I a clean

l*"lT"turri"
l-

andis
I surface
a flux
I usedas
for weldine
I
I metals.

Subject2l

5
(wrong
answer)

Kegunaan
Borax adalah
membuat kaca

danenamels.
6
(wrong
answer)
Subject22

Subject23

5
(correct
answer)

Digunakan
Borosilicates
glass.
The useis
aroundthe
householdto
soften
hardwaterand
sometimesfor
an antiseptic.

6
(uncomplete
answer)
5
(correct
answer)

For a flux for
weldine
metals.
Around the
household,!o
soften
hardwaterand
sometimesas
an antiseptic.

6
(correct
answer)

Because
substance
dissolves
metallic
oxides- forms
a clean
metallic
surface.

ditto

ditto

ditto

ditto

APPENDIX B

A GeneralOpinion ofthe SubjectstowardText A andText B in BeginningLevel

Categories

The Text that is chosenby students
A
B
73.9lYo
26.09%
73.91o/o
26.09Yo

Which text is morecomprehensible
The text that is better for the material
in classroomlecturing
The text that is easierto study
The vocabulariesofboth texts are too
difficult

72.730/o

Yes
63.64yo

27.27%
No
36.36%

APPENDTXC

A GeneralOpinion of the SubjectstowardText A andText B in High BeginningI
Level
The Text that is chosenby students
A
B
68.42Yo
3l.58Yo
47.37%
52.63Yo

Categories
Which text is morecomprehensible
The text that is betterfor the material
in classroomlecturing
The text that is easierto study
The vocabulariesof both texts are too
diflicult

63.l6Yo
Yes
57.9Yo

1l

36.84%
No
42.t1%

APPENDIX D

TEXTA
Colemanite,a borateof calcium which has the formula CarB6O11.
5H:O is
found in the desertregionsofSouthem California and Nevada.Severalhundred
tons of this mineralare mined daily in deathvalley, California and treatedwith
SodiumCarbonateto removethe calcium and form Borax, which is then hauled
out of the desertby truckswhich havereplacedthe twenty-mule teams.Somefree
borax is found too. These beds, with some ulexite, which is a double salt of
sodiumandcalciumborate,supplythe boronneededfor the boric acidandborax
industries.Boric acid, H3BO3, is found in nature in some volcanic regions,
especiallyin Tuscanny,whereit issuesfrom the earthdissolvedin the watersof
steamjes.

berikut!
I. Jawablahpertanyaan-pertanyaan
l. Apakahtopik bacaandiatas?
Colemanite
biasditemukan?
2. Dimanakah
diperolehtiap hari?
3. Berapaton Colemanite
di deathvalley?
4. ApakahBoraxdiperolehdari penambangan
di deathvalley?
5. BagaimanaBoraxdiperolehdari penambangan
boraxdapatdibentuk?
6. Bagaimana

Vocabularies:
.

remove

= memindahkan

o

hauledout

: diangkut

.

beds

= lapisantanah
72

dissolved

= terlarut

steamjets

= pancaranuapair panas

southern

= selatan

II. Setelahmembacatext diatas,jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan
berikut (no I
sampai4, pilihlahsatujawaban)
l. Apakahandamengertigarisbesarisi bacaanini? (pilih salahsatu)
a. Tidakmemahaminya
samasekali
b. Kurangmemahaminya
c. Cukupmemahaminya
d. Sangatmemahaminya
2. Apakahkalimat-kalimatnyamudahdipahami?(pilih salahsatu)
a. Mudah
b. Agak sukar
c. Sukar
d. Sangatsukar
3. Apakahisi bacaanini mudahdipahami?
a. Mudah
b. Agak sukar
c. Sukar
d. Sangatsukar
4. Apakahisi bacaanini membingungkan?
a. Tidakmembingungkan

b. Agak membingungkan
Membingungkan
d. Sangatmembingungkan
e. Sangatsukar
TS

5. Apakahwaktunyacukup untuk menjawabbacaanini?

TEXT B
The element Boron has been isolated, has had no commercial value.
Combiningwith carbon,to form "Norbide", a carbidehasthe formula B4C. The
hardestsyntheticcompoundever made was used as an abrasive.Boric acid
crystallizesin might be introducedinto the eye as an eyewashwith safety.The
impartationis a colourlessflame, one of alcohol for example,a beautiful green
colour.Borax,Sodiumtetraborate,hasthe formulaNa:BrOr.The useis aroundthe
household to soften hardwaterand sometimesas an antiseptic.Many more
satisfactoryantisepticsare known.A substancedissolvesmetallic oxides,forms a
cleanmetallicsurfaceand is usedas a flux for weldingmetals.The boratesof
certainmetalswere usedfor makingglazesandenamels.For the pasttwo or more
decadesconsiderablequantities of compounds have been used in making
borosilicatesglass.Pyrexglassis an example.

I. Jawablahpertanyaan-pertanyaan
berikut!
l. Apakahtopic bacaandiatas?
2. Apakahformuladari'Norbide"?
3. Apakahasamboratasamkuat?
4. Apakahsalahsatukegunaanasamborat?
5. ApakahkegunaanBorax?
6. Bagaimana
Boraxbisadigunakanuntuklogampadalas?

Vocabularies:
.

Syntheticcompound

r

Lustrous

= senyawasintetik/buatan

: berkilauan

Flame

: lidahapi

Hardwater

= air sadah,mengandungbanyakion Ca r. dan Mgr.

Dissolves

: melarutkan

Enamels

: lapisanyang memantulkancahaya

Weldingmetals : logam untuk las

II. Setelahmembacatext diatas,jawablah pertanyaan-pertanyaan
berikut
sampai4, pilihlah satujawaban)
l. Apakahandamengertigaris besarisi bacaanini? (pilih salahsatu)
a. Tidak memahaminya
b. Kurangmemahaminya.
c. Cukupmemahaminya
d. Sangatmemahaminya
2. Apakahkalimat-kalimatnya
mudahdipahami?(pilih salahsatu)
a. Mudah
b. Agak sukar
c. Sukar
d. Sangatsukar
3. Apakahceritabacaanini mudahdipahami?
a. Mudah
b. Agak sukar
c. Sukar
d. Sangatsukar
4. Apakahisi bacaanini membingungkan?
a. Tidak membingungkan
b. Agak membingungkan
c. Membingungkan
75

d. Sangatmembingungkan
5. Apakahwaktunyacukup untuk menjawabbacaanini?

III. Pertanyaan
setelahmahasiswamembacakeduatext:
l. Text bacaanmanayang lebih mudahdipahami?(AatauB) Mengapa?
2. Apakahkosakatamasing-masing
bacaanterlalusukar?
a. Ya

b. Tidak

3. Untukteksyangkurangandapahami,apapenyebabnya
menurutanda?
Jawab:
4. Dari kedua text text A dan B, text manakahyang menurut anda lebih baik
untuk bahankuliah?
5. Text manakah yang menurut anda lebih mudah dipelajari sebagai materi
belajar?

'IRIUS?AIAAIf
ltdrcrrtri. Krtolll illr
n

76

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