Pemanfaatan Zeolit Dan Kitosan Dalam Mengurangi Emisi Gas Buang Sepeda Motor.
PEMANFAATAN ZEOLIT DAN KITOSAN DALAM MENGURANGI
EMISI GAS BUANG SEPEDA MOTOR
ABSTRAK
Salah satu sumber emisi karbon di Indonesia adalah pembakaran
bahan bakar fosil dari sepeda motor. Akibat peningkatan jumlah sepeda
motor yang semakin tinggi, maka semakin berpotensi meningkatkan
konsentrasi karbon di atmosfir. Pada dasarnya emisi karbon dapat
diminimalisasi dengan menyerap zat-zat emisi menggunakan adsorben dari
bahan potensial seperti zeolit dan kitosan. Mengingat informasi bahwa
pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan untuk penurunan emisi belum banyak dikaji,
maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan dengan
alat catalytic converter pada sepeda motor dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui
pengaruh pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan terhadap pengurangan emisi
karbon sepeda motor serta menganalisa efisiensi ekonomi pemanfaatan
tersebut.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Bandung dari bulan November 2012
sampai Januari 2013. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode
eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap satu faktor dengan lima perlakuan
dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut berdasarkan perbedaan nisbah massa
zeolit dan kitosan, yaitu P1 (80:20), P2 (70:30), P3 (60:40), P4 (50:50), dan P5
(40:60). Uji emisi gas buang dilakukan dengan menggunakan technotester.
Untuk mengetahui kelayakan pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan secara
ekonomi dilakukan analisis Benefit Cost Analysis.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit dan kitosan berpengaruh
nyata (Fhitung>Ftabel) dalam menurunkan emisi gas buang sepeda motor.
Persen penyisihan CO2 tertinggi sebesar 68,235% dihasilkan oleh P1, persen
penyisihan tertinggi CO dan HC berturut-turut sebesar 71,688% dan 72,756
% dihasilkan oleh P3, pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan layak secara ekonomi
dengan Benefit Cost Rasio sebesar 1,01.
Kata Kunci : emisi gas buang, zeolit dan kitosan, catalytic converter.
v
UTILIZATION OF ZEOLITE AND CHITOSAN IN REDUCING
MOTORCYCLE EXHAUST EMISSIONS
ABSTRACT
One of the sources of carbon emission in Indonesia is the burning of
fosil fuels from motorcycle. The increasing of motorcycles number then
improves more potential of carbon concentration in the atmosphere.
Basically, carbon emission could be minimized by adsorbing emission
substances with adsorbent made from potential substances such as Zeolite
and Chitosan. Due to lack of informations about the utilization of Zeolite and
Chitosan for reducing emission, the research about the utilization of Zeolite
and Chitosan using catalytic converter in motorcycle with the aim to identify
the effect of Zeolite and Chitosan utilization to reduce carbon emission in
motorcycle as well as to analyze economic efficiency of the utilization was
conducted.
This research was conducted in Bandung from November 2012 to
January 2013. The research method is completely randomized experimental
design with one factor of five treatments and five repeats. The treatment
based on differential ratio of Zeolite and Chitosan mass combination, that
are P1 (80:20), P2 (70:30), P3 (60:40), P4 (50:50) and P5 (40:60). Exhaust
emission test was carried by using technotester. The Benefit Cost Analysis
method was used for analyzing the feasibility of Zeolite and Chitosan
utilization in economical aspect.
The results showed that Chitosan and Zeolite was significant (Fstat >
Ftab) to reduce motorcycle exhaust emissions produced by motorcycles. The
highest percentage of carbon dioxide (CO2) riddance was 68,235% in P1;
and than the highest percentage of carbon monoxide (CO) and
hydrocarbons (HC ) ridance were 71,688% in P3 and 72,756% in P3. The
Utilization of zeolite and chitosan was economically feasible with Benefit Cost
Ratio 1,01.
Keywords: exhaust emissions, zeolite and chitosan, catalytic converter.
vi
EMISI GAS BUANG SEPEDA MOTOR
ABSTRAK
Salah satu sumber emisi karbon di Indonesia adalah pembakaran
bahan bakar fosil dari sepeda motor. Akibat peningkatan jumlah sepeda
motor yang semakin tinggi, maka semakin berpotensi meningkatkan
konsentrasi karbon di atmosfir. Pada dasarnya emisi karbon dapat
diminimalisasi dengan menyerap zat-zat emisi menggunakan adsorben dari
bahan potensial seperti zeolit dan kitosan. Mengingat informasi bahwa
pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan untuk penurunan emisi belum banyak dikaji,
maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan dengan
alat catalytic converter pada sepeda motor dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui
pengaruh pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan terhadap pengurangan emisi
karbon sepeda motor serta menganalisa efisiensi ekonomi pemanfaatan
tersebut.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Bandung dari bulan November 2012
sampai Januari 2013. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode
eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap satu faktor dengan lima perlakuan
dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut berdasarkan perbedaan nisbah massa
zeolit dan kitosan, yaitu P1 (80:20), P2 (70:30), P3 (60:40), P4 (50:50), dan P5
(40:60). Uji emisi gas buang dilakukan dengan menggunakan technotester.
Untuk mengetahui kelayakan pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan secara
ekonomi dilakukan analisis Benefit Cost Analysis.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit dan kitosan berpengaruh
nyata (Fhitung>Ftabel) dalam menurunkan emisi gas buang sepeda motor.
Persen penyisihan CO2 tertinggi sebesar 68,235% dihasilkan oleh P1, persen
penyisihan tertinggi CO dan HC berturut-turut sebesar 71,688% dan 72,756
% dihasilkan oleh P3, pemanfaatan zeolit dan kitosan layak secara ekonomi
dengan Benefit Cost Rasio sebesar 1,01.
Kata Kunci : emisi gas buang, zeolit dan kitosan, catalytic converter.
v
UTILIZATION OF ZEOLITE AND CHITOSAN IN REDUCING
MOTORCYCLE EXHAUST EMISSIONS
ABSTRACT
One of the sources of carbon emission in Indonesia is the burning of
fosil fuels from motorcycle. The increasing of motorcycles number then
improves more potential of carbon concentration in the atmosphere.
Basically, carbon emission could be minimized by adsorbing emission
substances with adsorbent made from potential substances such as Zeolite
and Chitosan. Due to lack of informations about the utilization of Zeolite and
Chitosan for reducing emission, the research about the utilization of Zeolite
and Chitosan using catalytic converter in motorcycle with the aim to identify
the effect of Zeolite and Chitosan utilization to reduce carbon emission in
motorcycle as well as to analyze economic efficiency of the utilization was
conducted.
This research was conducted in Bandung from November 2012 to
January 2013. The research method is completely randomized experimental
design with one factor of five treatments and five repeats. The treatment
based on differential ratio of Zeolite and Chitosan mass combination, that
are P1 (80:20), P2 (70:30), P3 (60:40), P4 (50:50) and P5 (40:60). Exhaust
emission test was carried by using technotester. The Benefit Cost Analysis
method was used for analyzing the feasibility of Zeolite and Chitosan
utilization in economical aspect.
The results showed that Chitosan and Zeolite was significant (Fstat >
Ftab) to reduce motorcycle exhaust emissions produced by motorcycles. The
highest percentage of carbon dioxide (CO2) riddance was 68,235% in P1;
and than the highest percentage of carbon monoxide (CO) and
hydrocarbons (HC ) ridance were 71,688% in P3 and 72,756% in P3. The
Utilization of zeolite and chitosan was economically feasible with Benefit Cost
Ratio 1,01.
Keywords: exhaust emissions, zeolite and chitosan, catalytic converter.
vi