Pembuatan Dan Karakterisasi Keramik Berpori Yang Diaplikasikan Sebagai Filter Emisi Gas Buang Pada Sepeda Motor Berbahan Bakar Premium

v

PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI KERAMIK BERPORI YANG
DIAPLIKASIKAN SEBAGAI FILTER EMISI GAS BUANG PADA
SEPEDA MOTOR BERBAHAN BAKAR PREMIUM
ABSTRAK

Telah dibuat keramik berpori berbasis kaolin, feldspar, karbon aktif dan debu
vulkanik Gunung Sinabung sebagai agregat. Metode yang digunakan adalah dye
pressing dengan variasi agregat dari 0% hingga 20% dari massa total sampel.
Pembuatan sampel dilakukan dengan tahap pengayakan bahan 100 mesh dan
pencampuran bahan hingga homogen selama 15 menit, pencetakan sampel dengan
penekanan 5 ton dan pembakaran pada suhu 1100oC dan ditahan selama 4 jam.
Karakteristik keramik berpori yang telah diuji yaitu susut massa 17,84-23,22 %;
susut bakar 0,98-16,46 %; densitas 1,28-1,73 gr/cm3; porositas 35,27-40,88 %;
kuat tekan 1,69-1,92 Mpa; kekerasan 167,67-410,31 MPa; diameter pori 3-5 μm.
Besar absorbsi emisi gas buang yaitu 19,67-69,47 % CO; 14,34-62,79 % HC dan
pertambahan 2,77-26,14 % O2; 23,91-58,58 % CO2. Besarnya absorbsi gas CO,
HC dan bertambahnya konsentrasi O2 dan CO2 mengindikasikan filter yang telah
dibuat berfungsi sebagai katalis konverter.
Kata kunci: filter gas buang, keramik berpori, katalis konverter, debu vulkanik

Gunung Sinabung

Universitas Sumatera Utara

vi

THE CREATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF POROUS CERAMIC
WHICH WAS APPLIED AS EMISSION OUTPUT GAS FILTER AT
MOTORCYCLE BASED PREMIUM FUEL
ABSTRACT

Porous ceramic had been made based on kaolin, feldspar, activated carbon and
volcanic fly ash of Mount Sinabung as aggregates by using dye pressing methods
with aggregate’s varies from 0% to 20% of the total mass of the sample. Sample
preparation was done by sieving stage 100 mesh material and mixing the
ingredients for 15 minutes until homogeneous and utilized with an emphatic 5
tons and combustion temperature up to 1100OC and also held for 4 hours.
Characteristics of porous ceramic which had been tested, those are mass shrinkage
from 17.84 to 23.22%; combustion shrinkage from 0.98 to 16.46%; density 1.28
to 1.73 g/cm3; porosity from 35.27 to 40.88%; compressive strength from 1.69 to

1.92 MPa; hardness from 167.67 to 410.31 MPa; pore diameter 3-5 μm. The
amount of gas emissions exhaust that is the absorption of CO from 19.67 to
69.47% ; the absorption of HC from 14.34 to 62.79% and the increasingof O2
from 2.77 to 26.14%; the increasingof CO223.91 to 58.58%. The amount of CO
and HC gas absorptionand the increasing concentrations of O2 and CO2 indicate
that filters had been madehas functioned as a catalyst converter.
Keywords: emission gas filters, porous ceramic, catalytic converter, volcanic ash
of Mount Sinabung

Universitas Sumatera Utara