The Importance Of Having Freedom As Potrayed In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World
THE IMPORTANCE OF HAVING FREEDOM AS POTRAYED
IN ALDOUS HUXLEY’S BRAVE NEW WORLD
A THESIS
BY
REHIA INDRAYANTI BERU SEBAYANG
REG. NO.120705066
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
THE IMPORTANCE OF HAVING FREEDOM AS POTRAYED IN ALDOUS
HUXLEY’S BRAVE NEW WORLD
A THESIS
BY
REHIA INDRAYANTI BERU SEBAYANG
REG. NO.120705066
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
Dr. Deliana M. Hum
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D
NIP. 195711171983032002
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for
the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on 11 April 2017
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S.
NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. Deliana M. Hum
___________________
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D. ___________________
Dr. Martha Pardede, M.S.
___________________
Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum
____________________
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, REHIA INDRAYANTI BERU SEBAYANG, DECLARE THAT I AM THE
SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS
MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO
MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR
IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR
AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS
BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN
TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITED FOR
THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed
:
Date
: April 11, 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: REHIA INDRAYANTI BERU SEBAYANG
TITLE OF THESIS
: THE
IMPORTANCE
OF
HAVING
FREEDOM AS POTRAYED IN ALDOUS
HUXLEY’S BRAVE NEW WORLD
QUALIFICATION
:
S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: April 11, 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, I would like to thank The Almighty God, Allah SWT, and our
Prophet Muhammad SAW, for the compassion and blessing given to me to finish this
thesis. Without Their blessing in my life, I am going nowhere in this.
My very special gratitude goes to my beloved parents and family, they are
sources of my strength and my inspiration to keep doing and completing this thesis. I
am also grateful to my beloved sister, Indah Apulina Sebayang, who always order me
to finish this thesis quickly so I can be more focus on my career and future, and to
my beloved little brother, Pertibi Sebayang, who always waiting for me. Thanks for
supporting and believing in me.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Martha Pardede, M.S. as
my supervisor. I thank her for the kindness, knowledge, patience and motivation in
writing this thesis. Furthermore, I would like to thank Drs. Siamir Marulafau,
M.Hum as my co-supervisor for his kindness, knowledge and guidance to help me
finishing this thesis.
My sincere thanks to the Head and the Secretary of English Department, Dr.
Deliana M. Hum and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D., and all of the lecturers
and the staffs of English Department for the facilities and opportunities given to me
during my study in this faculty.
Special thanks must go to my weird but lovely best friends in college, Remita
Sahayana Manalu, Siska Novia Br Sembiring, and Putri Damanik (Come join us,
soon!) , who always take care, respect, support and help me especially in the hard
moments. I also thanked Putri Regina, Dame Roerma, Tio Saragih, and Rani
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mukerje for always supporting me from the other part of the world. Besides, I want
to thank my friends in English Literature 2012 Class B that have spent unforgettable
memories for 4 years with me. Last but not least, I thanked Dedhad Manurung and
Chrisbirth Tobing for the guidance in doing this thesis, also Mr. John Lennon and
friends, Josep Manurung, Ershal and friends, Daniel Sibarani and Niel Marulitua,
and of course to my one and only inspiration, Danny O’donoghue!
I am really grateful to have everyone supporting me in the process of writing
this thesis. Thank you so much for being my power and motivator. Finally, may this
thesis be advantageous for the readers. Hope the grace, bless and love of Allah SWT
be with us all forever. Amiin ya Rab.
Medan, April 11, 2017
Rehia Indrayanti Beru Sebayang
Reg. No. 120705066
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled "The Importance of Having Freedom as Potrayed in
Aldous Huxley's Brave New World”. This thesis discusses the importance of
freedom for the individual and how the effects of dependence on some of the
characters in the novel. The theory used in the implementation of this thesis is the
theory of structural functionalism by Talcott Parsons. By using inductive methods,
we know that freedom is very important for an individual life’s. The impacts of the
lack of freedom found in Brave New World are inability to choose, internal and
external conflict, no moral responsibility, rebellion and war, non-existence of
freedom of thought, misery and pain, and it is also causes slavery in members of
controlled community. The reason why having freedom is important is so that
individual can make decision and taking control of his action, beside individual can
have freedom in thinking and act, it also free us from slavery and war, and it
becomes the basic of moral actions and decisions making, freedom also leads to
happiness which is the main purpose of human life.
Key Words: Freedom, Structural Functionalism, Brave New World
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul “The Importance of Having Freedom as Potrayed in
Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World”. Skripsi ini membahas tentang pentingnya
kebebasan bagi individu dan bagaimana dampak dari ketidakbebasan terhadap
beberapa karakter di novel tersebut. Teori yang digunakan dalam pengerjaan skripsi
ini adalah teori fungsionalme struktural oleh Talcott Parsons. Dengan menggunakan
metode induktif dapat diketahui bahwa kebebasan merupakan hal yang sangat
penting dalam kehidupan seorang individu. Akibat dari tidak adanya kebebasan yang
ditemukan dalam Brave New World adalah adanya ketidakmampuan untuk memilih,
konflik internal dan eksternal, tidak adanya pertanggungjawaban moral, tidak adanya
kebebasan berpikir, adanya penderitaan dan kesengsaraan, dan juga melahirkan
perbudakan dalam anggota masyarakat yang dikendalikan. Alasan pentingnya
memiliki kebebasan adalah agar individu dapat mengambil keputusan dan mengatur
tindakan mereka, selain itu individu dapat memiliki kekebasan berpikir dan
bertindak, hal ini juga membebaskan kita dari perbudakan dan perang, dan juga dapat
menjadi dasar dalam membuat keputusan dan tindakan moral, kebebasan juga
membawa kebahagiaan yang merupakan tujuan utama dalam hidup manusia.
Kata Kunci: Kebebasan, Fungsionalisme Struktural, Brave New World
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION................................................................................... v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION .............................................................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .......................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ ix
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ........................................................................ 1
1.2 Problem of the Study .............................................................................. 5
1.3 Objective of the Study ............................................................................ 5
1.4 Scope of the Study .................................................................................. 6
1.5 Significance of the Study ........................................................................ 6
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Novel ...................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Dystophian Novel (Science Fiction) ................................................... 8
2.2 Structural Functionalism Theory .......................................................... 10
2.3 Freedom ................................................................................................ 13
2.3.1The Impacts of the Lack of Freedom ................................................. 15
2.3.1.1 Inability to Choose......................................................................... 15
2.3.1.2 Internal and External Conflict........................................................ 16
2.3.1.3 No Moral responsibility ................................................................. 16
2.3.1.4 Rebellion and War ......................................................................... 17
2.3.1.5 Non-Existence of Freedom of Thought ......................................... 18
2.3.1.6 Misery and Pain ............................................................................. 18
2.3.1.7 Slavery ........................................................................................... 20
2. 3. 2 The Importance of Freedom ........................................................... 21
2.3.2.1 Decisions Making and Actions Control ......................................... 21
2.3.2.2 Freedom of Thought and Act ......................................................... 22
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2.3.2.3 Pursue Happiness .......................................................................... 22
2.3.2.4 Freedom from Slavery and War..................................................... 23
2.3.2.5 Moral Responsibilities ................................................................... 24
CHAPTER III: METHOD OF THE STUDY
3.1 Research Design ................................................................................... 25
3.2 Data Collecting Procedure .................................................................... 26
3.3 Data Selecting Procedure ...................................................................... 26
3.4 Data Analysis ........................................................................................ 27
CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS AND FINDING
4.1 The Impacts of the Lack of Freedom Portrayed in the Novel............... 29
4.1.1 Inability to Choose ............................................................................ 29
4.1.2 Internal and External Conflict .......................................................... 31
4.1.3 No Moral Responsibility................................................................... 32
4.1.4 Rebellion and War ............................................................................ 34
4.1.5 Non-Existence of Freedom of Thought ............................................ 37
4.1.6 Misery and Pain ................................................................................ 40
4.1.7 Slavery .............................................................................................. 41
4.2 The Importance of Freedom ................................................................. 43
4.2.1 Decisions Making and Actions Control ............................................ 43
4.2.2 Freedom of Thought and Act ............................................................ 44
4.2.3 Pursue Happiness ............................................................................. 46
4.2.4 Freedom from Slavery and War ....................................................... 51
4.2.5 Moral Responsibilities ...................................................................... 55
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................ 60
5.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................ 61
REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 62
APPENDICES
Universitas Sumatera Utara
IN ALDOUS HUXLEY’S BRAVE NEW WORLD
A THESIS
BY
REHIA INDRAYANTI BERU SEBAYANG
REG. NO.120705066
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
THE IMPORTANCE OF HAVING FREEDOM AS POTRAYED IN ALDOUS
HUXLEY’S BRAVE NEW WORLD
A THESIS
BY
REHIA INDRAYANTI BERU SEBAYANG
REG. NO.120705066
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
Dr. Deliana M. Hum
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D
NIP. 195711171983032002
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for
the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on 11 April 2017
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S.
NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. Deliana M. Hum
___________________
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D. ___________________
Dr. Martha Pardede, M.S.
___________________
Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum
____________________
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, REHIA INDRAYANTI BERU SEBAYANG, DECLARE THAT I AM THE
SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS
MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO
MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR
IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR
AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS
BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN
TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITED FOR
THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed
:
Date
: April 11, 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: REHIA INDRAYANTI BERU SEBAYANG
TITLE OF THESIS
: THE
IMPORTANCE
OF
HAVING
FREEDOM AS POTRAYED IN ALDOUS
HUXLEY’S BRAVE NEW WORLD
QUALIFICATION
:
S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: April 11, 2017
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, I would like to thank The Almighty God, Allah SWT, and our
Prophet Muhammad SAW, for the compassion and blessing given to me to finish this
thesis. Without Their blessing in my life, I am going nowhere in this.
My very special gratitude goes to my beloved parents and family, they are
sources of my strength and my inspiration to keep doing and completing this thesis. I
am also grateful to my beloved sister, Indah Apulina Sebayang, who always order me
to finish this thesis quickly so I can be more focus on my career and future, and to
my beloved little brother, Pertibi Sebayang, who always waiting for me. Thanks for
supporting and believing in me.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Martha Pardede, M.S. as
my supervisor. I thank her for the kindness, knowledge, patience and motivation in
writing this thesis. Furthermore, I would like to thank Drs. Siamir Marulafau,
M.Hum as my co-supervisor for his kindness, knowledge and guidance to help me
finishing this thesis.
My sincere thanks to the Head and the Secretary of English Department, Dr.
Deliana M. Hum and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D., and all of the lecturers
and the staffs of English Department for the facilities and opportunities given to me
during my study in this faculty.
Special thanks must go to my weird but lovely best friends in college, Remita
Sahayana Manalu, Siska Novia Br Sembiring, and Putri Damanik (Come join us,
soon!) , who always take care, respect, support and help me especially in the hard
moments. I also thanked Putri Regina, Dame Roerma, Tio Saragih, and Rani
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mukerje for always supporting me from the other part of the world. Besides, I want
to thank my friends in English Literature 2012 Class B that have spent unforgettable
memories for 4 years with me. Last but not least, I thanked Dedhad Manurung and
Chrisbirth Tobing for the guidance in doing this thesis, also Mr. John Lennon and
friends, Josep Manurung, Ershal and friends, Daniel Sibarani and Niel Marulitua,
and of course to my one and only inspiration, Danny O’donoghue!
I am really grateful to have everyone supporting me in the process of writing
this thesis. Thank you so much for being my power and motivator. Finally, may this
thesis be advantageous for the readers. Hope the grace, bless and love of Allah SWT
be with us all forever. Amiin ya Rab.
Medan, April 11, 2017
Rehia Indrayanti Beru Sebayang
Reg. No. 120705066
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled "The Importance of Having Freedom as Potrayed in
Aldous Huxley's Brave New World”. This thesis discusses the importance of
freedom for the individual and how the effects of dependence on some of the
characters in the novel. The theory used in the implementation of this thesis is the
theory of structural functionalism by Talcott Parsons. By using inductive methods,
we know that freedom is very important for an individual life’s. The impacts of the
lack of freedom found in Brave New World are inability to choose, internal and
external conflict, no moral responsibility, rebellion and war, non-existence of
freedom of thought, misery and pain, and it is also causes slavery in members of
controlled community. The reason why having freedom is important is so that
individual can make decision and taking control of his action, beside individual can
have freedom in thinking and act, it also free us from slavery and war, and it
becomes the basic of moral actions and decisions making, freedom also leads to
happiness which is the main purpose of human life.
Key Words: Freedom, Structural Functionalism, Brave New World
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul “The Importance of Having Freedom as Potrayed in
Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World”. Skripsi ini membahas tentang pentingnya
kebebasan bagi individu dan bagaimana dampak dari ketidakbebasan terhadap
beberapa karakter di novel tersebut. Teori yang digunakan dalam pengerjaan skripsi
ini adalah teori fungsionalme struktural oleh Talcott Parsons. Dengan menggunakan
metode induktif dapat diketahui bahwa kebebasan merupakan hal yang sangat
penting dalam kehidupan seorang individu. Akibat dari tidak adanya kebebasan yang
ditemukan dalam Brave New World adalah adanya ketidakmampuan untuk memilih,
konflik internal dan eksternal, tidak adanya pertanggungjawaban moral, tidak adanya
kebebasan berpikir, adanya penderitaan dan kesengsaraan, dan juga melahirkan
perbudakan dalam anggota masyarakat yang dikendalikan. Alasan pentingnya
memiliki kebebasan adalah agar individu dapat mengambil keputusan dan mengatur
tindakan mereka, selain itu individu dapat memiliki kekebasan berpikir dan
bertindak, hal ini juga membebaskan kita dari perbudakan dan perang, dan juga dapat
menjadi dasar dalam membuat keputusan dan tindakan moral, kebebasan juga
membawa kebahagiaan yang merupakan tujuan utama dalam hidup manusia.
Kata Kunci: Kebebasan, Fungsionalisme Struktural, Brave New World
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION................................................................................... v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION .............................................................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .......................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ ix
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ........................................................................ 1
1.2 Problem of the Study .............................................................................. 5
1.3 Objective of the Study ............................................................................ 5
1.4 Scope of the Study .................................................................................. 6
1.5 Significance of the Study ........................................................................ 6
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Novel ...................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Dystophian Novel (Science Fiction) ................................................... 8
2.2 Structural Functionalism Theory .......................................................... 10
2.3 Freedom ................................................................................................ 13
2.3.1The Impacts of the Lack of Freedom ................................................. 15
2.3.1.1 Inability to Choose......................................................................... 15
2.3.1.2 Internal and External Conflict........................................................ 16
2.3.1.3 No Moral responsibility ................................................................. 16
2.3.1.4 Rebellion and War ......................................................................... 17
2.3.1.5 Non-Existence of Freedom of Thought ......................................... 18
2.3.1.6 Misery and Pain ............................................................................. 18
2.3.1.7 Slavery ........................................................................................... 20
2. 3. 2 The Importance of Freedom ........................................................... 21
2.3.2.1 Decisions Making and Actions Control ......................................... 21
2.3.2.2 Freedom of Thought and Act ......................................................... 22
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2.3.2.3 Pursue Happiness .......................................................................... 22
2.3.2.4 Freedom from Slavery and War..................................................... 23
2.3.2.5 Moral Responsibilities ................................................................... 24
CHAPTER III: METHOD OF THE STUDY
3.1 Research Design ................................................................................... 25
3.2 Data Collecting Procedure .................................................................... 26
3.3 Data Selecting Procedure ...................................................................... 26
3.4 Data Analysis ........................................................................................ 27
CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS AND FINDING
4.1 The Impacts of the Lack of Freedom Portrayed in the Novel............... 29
4.1.1 Inability to Choose ............................................................................ 29
4.1.2 Internal and External Conflict .......................................................... 31
4.1.3 No Moral Responsibility................................................................... 32
4.1.4 Rebellion and War ............................................................................ 34
4.1.5 Non-Existence of Freedom of Thought ............................................ 37
4.1.6 Misery and Pain ................................................................................ 40
4.1.7 Slavery .............................................................................................. 41
4.2 The Importance of Freedom ................................................................. 43
4.2.1 Decisions Making and Actions Control ............................................ 43
4.2.2 Freedom of Thought and Act ............................................................ 44
4.2.3 Pursue Happiness ............................................................................. 46
4.2.4 Freedom from Slavery and War ....................................................... 51
4.2.5 Moral Responsibilities ...................................................................... 55
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................ 60
5.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................ 61
REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 62
APPENDICES
Universitas Sumatera Utara