Pembuatan Magnet Permanen NdFeB FeMn Dengan Metode Mechanical Alloying Appendix
LAMPIRAN 1
FOTO PERALATAN DAN BAHAN PENELITIAN
1. PeralatanPenelitian
(Hydraulic Press)
Jar Mill (untuk HEM)
High Energy Miling(HEM)
Beaker Glass 50 ml
Ball Mill
110 g
Hand Mortar
Ayakan 200 mesh
Vickers Hardness AMH43
Timbangan Digital 2 Digit
Dryer
Cetakan (Molding)
Gaussmeter
Under Vacuum Dryer
XRD
Peralatan Archimedes
Neraca Digital
PSA
SEM
2. Bahan
Toulena
NdFeB
Type MQ-A 37-16
Resin Epoxin
Axceton
FeMn
Katalis
LAMPIRAN 2
PERHITUNGAN TRUE DENSITY
1. Perhitungan true density NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling 15
menit
a. Serbuk NdFeB + 0,5 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,395 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,582
ρ=
0,8669
0,142
ρ = 6,1049 ��/��3
b. Serbuk NdFeB + 1 wt % FeMn
ρ
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
=
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,399 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,586
ρ=
0,8669
0,138
ρ = 6,2818 ��/��3
c. Serbuk NdFeB + 3 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,401 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,588
ρ=
0,8669
0,136
ρ = 6,4221 ��/��3
d. Serbuk NdFeB + 5 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,812 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,405 − 10,812)
ρ=
0,999
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,593
ρ=
0,8660331
0,131
ρ = 6,6106 ��/��3
e. Serbuk NdFeB + 10 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,410 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,597
ρ=
0,8669
0,127
ρ = 6,8259 ��/��3
2. Perhitungan true density NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling 30
menit
a. Serbuk NdFeB + 0,5 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,402 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,589
ρ=
0,8669
0,135
ρ = 6,4214 ��/��3
b. Serbuk NdFeB + 1 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,405 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,592
ρ=
0,8669
0,132
ρ = 6,5674 ��/��3
c. Serbuk NdFeB + 3 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,407 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,594
ρ=
0,8669
0,13
ρ = 6,6684 ��/��3
d. Serbuk NdFeB + 5 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,410 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,597
ρ=
0,8669
0,127
ρ = 6,8259 ��/��3
e. Serbuk NdFeB + 10 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,812 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,413 − 10,812)
ρ=
0,999
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,601
ρ=
0,8660331
0,123
ρ = 7,0409 ��/��3
3. Perhitungan true density NdFeB dan FeMn
a. True density NdFeB
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,420 − 10,813)
ρ=
b. True density FeMn
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,607
ρ=
0,8669
0,117
ρ = 7,4094 ��/��3
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
ρ
=
10,812 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,423 − 10,812)
ρ=
0,999
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,661
ρ=
0,8660331
0,113
ρ = 7,6640 ��/��3
LAMPIRAN 6
HASIL PARTICLE SIZE ANALYZER (PSA)
LAMPIRAN 3
PERHITUNGAN BULK DENSITY
1. Perhitungan bulk density NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling
15 menit
a. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (0,5 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,136
x0,9967
4,136 − 3,402
4,1123
ρs =
0,734
ρs = 5,616��/��3
b. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (1 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,102
x0,9967
4,102 − 3,382
ρs =
4,0884
0,72
ρs = 5,678��/��3
c. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (3 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,242
x0,9967
4,242 − 3,512
ρs =
4,2280
0,73
ρs = 5,7917��/��3
d. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (5 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,150
x0,9967
4,150 − 3,424
ρs =
4,1363
0,726
ρs = 5,697��/��3
e. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (10 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,176
x0,9967
4,176 − 3,441
ρs =
4,1622
0,735
ρs = 5,662��/��3
2. Perhitungan bulk density NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling
30 menit
a. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (0,5 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,183
x0,9967
4,183 − 3,440
ρs =
4,1691
0,743
ρs = 5,611��/��3
b. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (1 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,167
x0,9967
4,167 − 3,422
ρs =
4,1532
0,745
ρs = 5,574��/��3
c. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (3 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,164
x0,9967
4,164 − 3,422
ρs =
4,1502
0,742
ρs = 5,585��/��3
d. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (5 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,200
x0,9967
4,200 − 3,447
ρs =
4,1861
0,753
ρs = 5,559��/��3
e. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (10 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,264
x0,9967
4,264 − 3,497
ρs =
4,2499
0,767
ρs = 5,540��/��3
3. Perhitungan bulk density NdFeB
a. Bulk density NdFeB milling15 menit
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,253
x0,9967
4,253 − 3,323
ρs =
4,2389
0,93
ρs = 4,558 ��/��3
b. Bulk density NdFeB milling30 menit
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,214
x0,9967
4,214 − 3,494
ρs =
4,2000
0,72
ρs = 5,833 ��/��3
LAMPIRAN 4
PERHITUNGAN FLUKS MAGNETIK
1. Perhitungan gaussmeter NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling
15 menit
a. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (0,5 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
132,8+174,4
=
307,2
2
2
=
2
=153,6 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
373,7+235,2
=
609,2
2
2
=
2
=304,45 gauss
b. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (1 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
117,6+173,0
=
290,6
2
2
=
2
=145,3 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
309,7+282,6
=
592,3
2
2
=
2
=296,15 gauss
c. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (3 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
128,4+138,7
=
2
2
267,1
=
2
=133,55 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
335,6+330,7
=
666,3
2
2
=
2
=333,15 gauss
d. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (5 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
132,8+174,4
=
307,2
2
2
=
2
=153,6 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
373,7+235,2
=
609,2
2
2
=
2
=274,45 gauss
e. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (10 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
104,3+152,6
=
280,8
2
2
=
2
=128,45 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
279,6+183,7
=
548,9
2
2
=
2
=231,65gauss
2. Perhitungan gaussmeter NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling
30 menit
a. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (0,5 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
126,0+128,4
=
254,4
2
2
=
2
=127,2gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
300,2+247,8
=
548
2
2
=
2
=274gauss
b. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (1 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub neg atif
• Center =
130,0+130,5
=
260,5
2
2
=
2
=130,25gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
252,9+262,8
=
515,7
2
2
=
2
=257,85 gauss
c. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (3 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
138,7+152,7
=
291,4
2
2
=
2
=145,7gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
332,6+249,9
=
582,5
2
2
=
2
=291,25 gauss
d. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (5 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
193,0+149,5
=
342,5
2
2
=
2
=171,25gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
425,4+397,5
=
822,9
2
2
=
2
=441,45 gauss
e. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (10 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
127,1+146,4
=
273,5
2
2
=
2
=135,75gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
236,3+306,2
=
542,5
2
2
=
2
=271,25gauss
3. Perhitungan gaussmeter bonded NdFeB tanpa aditif FeMn
a. Gaussmeter bonded NdFeB milling 15 menit
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
180,5+143,0
=
323,5
2
2
=
2
=161,75 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
243,2+305,7
=
548,9
=
2
2
2
=274,45 gauss
b. Gaussmeter bonded NdFeB milling 30 menit
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
153,8+186,1
=
339,9
2
2
=
2
=169,95 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
294,3+311,5
=
605,8
2
=
2
=302,9 gauss
2
LAMPIRAN 6
HASILSEM/EDX POINTSERBUK
(Scanning Electron Microscope/ Energy Dispersive X-Ray)
a. NdFeB 99 % + FeMn 1 %
SEM Images
EDX POINT
b. NdFeB 95 % + FeMn 5 %
SEM Images
EDX POINT
c. NdFeB 90 % + FeMn 10 %
SEM Images
EDX POINT
LAMPIRAN 7
XRD
PERHITUNGAN UKURAN KRISTAL MENGGUNAKAN
DEBYE SCHARER
• NdFeB + 1 % FeMn – 15 menit
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 24,42° = 12,21°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 12,21) = 0,0026877922 = 51,56nm
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 39,07° = 19,535°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 19,535) = 0,0025916825 = 53,47nm
• NdFeB + 5 % FeMn – 15 menit
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 29,4° = 14,7°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 14,7) = 0,0026599863 = 52,10nm
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 42,76° = 21,38°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 21,38) = 0,0025607536 = 54,12nm
• NdFeB + 10 % FeMn – 15 menit
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 36,99° = 18,495°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 18,495) = 0,0026080423 = 53,143nm
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
θ = ½ x 43,88° = 22,025°
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 43,88) = 0,002550833 = 54,335nm
• FeMn murni
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 26,54° = 13,27°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 13,27) = 0,0026765574 = 51,78nm
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 44,378° = 22,189°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 22,189) = 0,00254375 = 54,48nm
FOTO PERALATAN DAN BAHAN PENELITIAN
1. PeralatanPenelitian
(Hydraulic Press)
Jar Mill (untuk HEM)
High Energy Miling(HEM)
Beaker Glass 50 ml
Ball Mill
110 g
Hand Mortar
Ayakan 200 mesh
Vickers Hardness AMH43
Timbangan Digital 2 Digit
Dryer
Cetakan (Molding)
Gaussmeter
Under Vacuum Dryer
XRD
Peralatan Archimedes
Neraca Digital
PSA
SEM
2. Bahan
Toulena
NdFeB
Type MQ-A 37-16
Resin Epoxin
Axceton
FeMn
Katalis
LAMPIRAN 2
PERHITUNGAN TRUE DENSITY
1. Perhitungan true density NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling 15
menit
a. Serbuk NdFeB + 0,5 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,395 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,582
ρ=
0,8669
0,142
ρ = 6,1049 ��/��3
b. Serbuk NdFeB + 1 wt % FeMn
ρ
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
=
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,399 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,586
ρ=
0,8669
0,138
ρ = 6,2818 ��/��3
c. Serbuk NdFeB + 3 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,401 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,588
ρ=
0,8669
0,136
ρ = 6,4221 ��/��3
d. Serbuk NdFeB + 5 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,812 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,405 − 10,812)
ρ=
0,999
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,593
ρ=
0,8660331
0,131
ρ = 6,6106 ��/��3
e. Serbuk NdFeB + 10 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,410 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,597
ρ=
0,8669
0,127
ρ = 6,8259 ��/��3
2. Perhitungan true density NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling 30
menit
a. Serbuk NdFeB + 0,5 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,402 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,589
ρ=
0,8669
0,135
ρ = 6,4214 ��/��3
b. Serbuk NdFeB + 1 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,405 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,592
ρ=
0,8669
0,132
ρ = 6,5674 ��/��3
c. Serbuk NdFeB + 3 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,407 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,594
ρ=
0,8669
0,13
ρ = 6,6684 ��/��3
d. Serbuk NdFeB + 5 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,410 − 10,813)
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,597
ρ=
0,8669
0,127
ρ = 6,8259 ��/��3
e. Serbuk NdFeB + 10 wt % FeMn
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,812 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,413 − 10,812)
ρ=
0,999
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,601
ρ=
0,8660331
0,123
ρ = 7,0409 ��/��3
3. Perhitungan true density NdFeB dan FeMn
a. True density NdFeB
ρ
=
ρ=
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
10,813 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,420 − 10,813)
ρ=
b. True density FeMn
ρ=
1
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,607
ρ=
0,8669
0,117
ρ = 7,4094 ��/��3
�3 − �1
x��
(�2 − �1) − (�4 − �3)
ρ
=
10,812 − 9,813
x0,8669
(18,537 − 9,813) − (19,423 − 10,812)
ρ=
0,999
x0,8669
8,724 − 8,661
ρ=
0,8660331
0,113
ρ = 7,6640 ��/��3
LAMPIRAN 6
HASIL PARTICLE SIZE ANALYZER (PSA)
LAMPIRAN 3
PERHITUNGAN BULK DENSITY
1. Perhitungan bulk density NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling
15 menit
a. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (0,5 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,136
x0,9967
4,136 − 3,402
4,1123
ρs =
0,734
ρs = 5,616��/��3
b. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (1 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,102
x0,9967
4,102 − 3,382
ρs =
4,0884
0,72
ρs = 5,678��/��3
c. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (3 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,242
x0,9967
4,242 − 3,512
ρs =
4,2280
0,73
ρs = 5,7917��/��3
d. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (5 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,150
x0,9967
4,150 − 3,424
ρs =
4,1363
0,726
ρs = 5,697��/��3
e. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (10 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,176
x0,9967
4,176 − 3,441
ρs =
4,1622
0,735
ρs = 5,662��/��3
2. Perhitungan bulk density NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling
30 menit
a. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (0,5 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,183
x0,9967
4,183 − 3,440
ρs =
4,1691
0,743
ρs = 5,611��/��3
b. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (1 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,167
x0,9967
4,167 − 3,422
ρs =
4,1532
0,745
ρs = 5,574��/��3
c. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (3 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,164
x0,9967
4,164 − 3,422
ρs =
4,1502
0,742
ρs = 5,585��/��3
d. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (5 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,200
x0,9967
4,200 − 3,447
ρs =
4,1861
0,753
ρs = 5,559��/��3
e. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (10 wt %)
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,264
x0,9967
4,264 − 3,497
ρs =
4,2499
0,767
ρs = 5,540��/��3
3. Perhitungan bulk density NdFeB
a. Bulk density NdFeB milling15 menit
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,253
x0,9967
4,253 − 3,323
ρs =
4,2389
0,93
ρs = 4,558 ��/��3
b. Bulk density NdFeB milling30 menit
ρs =
ρs =
��
x��
�� − ��
4,214
x0,9967
4,214 − 3,494
ρs =
4,2000
0,72
ρs = 5,833 ��/��3
LAMPIRAN 4
PERHITUNGAN FLUKS MAGNETIK
1. Perhitungan gaussmeter NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling
15 menit
a. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (0,5 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
132,8+174,4
=
307,2
2
2
=
2
=153,6 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
373,7+235,2
=
609,2
2
2
=
2
=304,45 gauss
b. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (1 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
117,6+173,0
=
290,6
2
2
=
2
=145,3 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
309,7+282,6
=
592,3
2
2
=
2
=296,15 gauss
c. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (3 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
128,4+138,7
=
2
2
267,1
=
2
=133,55 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
335,6+330,7
=
666,3
2
2
=
2
=333,15 gauss
d. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (5 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
132,8+174,4
=
307,2
2
2
=
2
=153,6 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
373,7+235,2
=
609,2
2
2
=
2
=274,45 gauss
e. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (10 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
104,3+152,6
=
280,8
2
2
=
2
=128,45 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
279,6+183,7
=
548,9
2
2
=
2
=231,65gauss
2. Perhitungan gaussmeter NdFeB/FeMn dengan waktu milling
30 menit
a. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (0,5 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
126,0+128,4
=
254,4
2
2
=
2
=127,2gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
300,2+247,8
=
548
2
2
=
2
=274gauss
b. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (1 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub neg atif
• Center =
130,0+130,5
=
260,5
2
2
=
2
=130,25gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
252,9+262,8
=
515,7
2
2
=
2
=257,85 gauss
c. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (3 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
138,7+152,7
=
291,4
2
2
=
2
=145,7gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
332,6+249,9
=
582,5
2
2
=
2
=291,25 gauss
d. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (5 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
193,0+149,5
=
342,5
2
2
=
2
=171,25gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
425,4+397,5
=
822,9
2
2
=
2
=441,45 gauss
e. Magnet Bonded/Pelet NdFeB + FeMn (10 wt %)
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
127,1+146,4
=
273,5
2
2
=
2
=135,75gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
236,3+306,2
=
542,5
2
2
=
2
=271,25gauss
3. Perhitungan gaussmeter bonded NdFeB tanpa aditif FeMn
a. Gaussmeter bonded NdFeB milling 15 menit
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
180,5+143,0
=
323,5
2
2
=
2
=161,75 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
243,2+305,7
=
548,9
=
2
2
2
=274,45 gauss
b. Gaussmeter bonded NdFeB milling 30 menit
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Center =
153,8+186,1
=
339,9
2
2
=
2
=169,95 gauss
kutub positif +kutub negatif
• Pinggir=
294,3+311,5
=
605,8
2
=
2
=302,9 gauss
2
LAMPIRAN 6
HASILSEM/EDX POINTSERBUK
(Scanning Electron Microscope/ Energy Dispersive X-Ray)
a. NdFeB 99 % + FeMn 1 %
SEM Images
EDX POINT
b. NdFeB 95 % + FeMn 5 %
SEM Images
EDX POINT
c. NdFeB 90 % + FeMn 10 %
SEM Images
EDX POINT
LAMPIRAN 7
XRD
PERHITUNGAN UKURAN KRISTAL MENGGUNAKAN
DEBYE SCHARER
• NdFeB + 1 % FeMn – 15 menit
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 24,42° = 12,21°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 12,21) = 0,0026877922 = 51,56nm
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 39,07° = 19,535°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 19,535) = 0,0025916825 = 53,47nm
• NdFeB + 5 % FeMn – 15 menit
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 29,4° = 14,7°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 14,7) = 0,0026599863 = 52,10nm
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 42,76° = 21,38°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 21,38) = 0,0025607536 = 54,12nm
• NdFeB + 10 % FeMn – 15 menit
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 36,99° = 18,495°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 18,495) = 0,0026080423 = 53,143nm
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
θ = ½ x 43,88° = 22,025°
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 43,88) = 0,002550833 = 54,335nm
• FeMn murni
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 26,54° = 13,27°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 13,27) = 0,0026765574 = 51,78nm
K= 0,9
λ = 1,540598Å = 0,154 nm
t = 0,1576° t = 0,1576 x 2 x
��
0,9 � 0,154 ��
3,142
360
θ = ½ x 44,378° = 22,189°
= 0,00275 rad
0,1386 ��
B = � cos � =0.00275 � (cos 22,189) = 0,00254375 = 54,48nm