CONTOH CONTOH DAFTAR ISI SKRIPSI

  DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL……………………………………………………………………………. i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN………………………………………………………………….. ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN…………………….…………………………………………….. iii PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TULISAN………………………………………………………. iv KATA PENGANTAR……………………………………………………………………………v DAFTAR ISI....………………………………………………………………………………….vii DAFTAR GAMBAR ……………………………………………………………………………. x DAFTAR TABEL………………………………………………………………………………..xi DAFTAR PERSAMAAN………………………………………………………………………. xii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN…………………………………………………………………………xiii ABSTRAK.…………………………………………………………………………………..… xiv

  BAB I: PENDAHULUAN………………………………………………………………………1

  1.1 Latar Belakang…………………..……………………………………………………….. 1

  1.2 Rumusan Masalah…………………………………………………………………………3

  1.3 Tujuan Penelitian………………………………………………………………………….5

  1.4 Batasan Masalah………………… …..……………………………………………………8

  1.5 Manfaat Penelitian…………………………………….…..……………………………….9

  1.5.1 Bagi Penulis……………. …..…………………………………………………………...11

  1.5.2 Bagi Masyarakat……… …..…………………………..………………………………...13

  BAB II: TINJAUAN PUSTAKA………………………………………………………………..15

  2.1 Lumpur Lapindo…………………………………………………………………………...10

  2.3 Sintesis Zeolit Y…………………………………………………………………………....16

  2.4 Karakterisasi Sintesis Zeolit Y………………………………………………………..........20

  2.4.1 X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)………………………………………. …………………........20

  2.4.2 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)………………………………………….. …………………......21

  2.4.3 Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR)………………………….. ………………….............25

  2.5 Manusia Sebagai Kholifah di Bumi…………………………………….………………….28

  BAB III: METODOLOGI………………………………………………………………………..30

  3.1 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian…………………………………………….………………..34

  3.2 Alat dan Bahan ……………………………………………………………….……………35

  3.2.1 Alat………………………………………………………………………..………………..36

  3.2.2 Bahan……………………………………………………………………..………………..36

  3.3 Rancangan Penelitian……………………………………………………………………….37

  3.4 Tahapan Penelitian …………………………………………………………………………37

  3.5 Prosedur Penelitian …………………………………………………………..…………….38

  3.5.1 Preparasi Lumpur Lapindo………………………………………..……………………….38

  3.5.2 Ekstraksi SiO2 dari Lumpur Lapindo…………………………. ………………………….39

  3.5.3 Sintesis Zeolit Y tanpa Pemeraman…………………………….………………………….40

  3.5.4 Sintesis Zeolit Y……………………………………………………………………………40

  3.5.5 Karakterisasi……………………………………………………………………………….41

  3.5.5.1 X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)……………………………. ………………………………41

  3.5.5.2 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)………………………………. ………………………………42

  3.5.5.3 Analisis Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR)….. ………………………………………43

  3.5.6 Analisis Data………………………………………………………………………………44

  3.5.6.1 Analisis Data Menggunakan Match ………………..……………………………………45

  3.5.6.2 Analisis Data Ukuran Kristal…………………………..………………………………...46

  3.5.6.3 Penentuan Parameter Kisi Menggunakan Program Rietica dengan Metode Le Bail…………………………………………………………………… ……………………….48

  BAB IV: HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN………………………………………………………50

  4.1 Ekstraksi SiO2 dari Lumpur Lapindo………………………………….…………………50

  4.2 Sintesis Zeolit Y dari SiO2 Ekstrak Lumpur Lapindo…………..…………………………51

  4.3 Karakterisasi …………………………………………………………………..………… .52

  4.3.1 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)………………………………………… ………………………54

  4.3.2 Ukuran Kristal……………………………………………………………………………...60

  4.3.3 Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) ………………………….…………………………..63

  4.4 Pemanfaatan Lumpur Lapindo dalam Perspektif Islam……………………………………64

  BAB IV: PENUTUP……………………………………………………………………………65

  5.1 Kesimpulan…………………………………………………………………………………65

  5.2 Saran………………………………………………………………………………………. 66 DAFTAR PUSTAKA………………………………………………………………………….. 67 LAMPIRAN ………………………………………………………………………………….. 73