ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS DATA SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PT. PLAZA ADIKA LESTARI - Binus e-Thesis

UNIVERSITAS BINA NUSANTARA

  Jurusan Teknik Informatika Skripsi Sarjana Komputer Semester Ganjil tahun 2005/2006

  

ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN

SISTEM BASISDATA SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA

PT. PLAZA ADIKA LESTARI

  KRESNOADI 0600637325 MONICA OCTAVIANI 0600639356 EZAR SUNARNO 0600639854 Kelas/Kelompok : 07 PNT / 06 Abstrak PT Plaza Adika Lestari merupakan suatu perusahaan bisnis yang bergerak di bidang property management. Pada penyusunan skripsi ini, kami memfokuskan kepada proses perancangan dan analisis terhadap sistem basis data sumber daya manusia (Human Resources Development) PT Plaza Adika Lestari yang belum terstruktur dengan cukup baik. Diharapkan dengan adanya sistem basis data yang baru dan lebih terintegrasi, akan mampu menunjang kegiatan operasional perusahaan khususnya dalam bidang sumber daya manusia, disamping juga untuk menunjang proses analisis informasi yang berhubungan dengan sumber daya manusia. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan meliputi tahap pengumpulan data, tahap analisis data, dan tahap perancangan. Tahap pengumpulan data kami peroleh dari hasil studi pustaka terhadap buku dan wawancara serta sumber-sumber lain yang berhubungan dengan topik pada skripsi ini. Sedangkan tahap analisis dilakukan melalui serangkaian proses pengamatan atau observasi terhadap sistem yang sedang berjalan, diikuti dengan proses analisis terhadap hasil pengamatan tersebut, proses identifikasi kebutuhan informasi dan sistem basis data, serta proses analisis dan perumusan rancangan awal berdasarkan pengamatan yang telah dilakukan. Kemudian tahap yang terakhir yakni tahap perancangan, terbagi dalam tiga bagian yakni perancangan konseptual, perancangan logikal, perancangan fisikal serta perancangan aplikasi. Hasil yang dicapai adalah integrasi data yang lebih baik, konsistensi data, serta tingkat keamanan yang lebih tinggi pada sistem basis data. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sistem yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Kata Kunci : analisis, perancangan, basis data, sumber daya manusia

PRAKATA

  Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas rahmat dan karunia-Nya, penulis dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi ini dalam rangka memenuhi persyaratan penyelesaian Jenjang Strata-1 di Universitas Bina Nusantara, Jakarta.

  Dalam skripsi ini, penulis menyadari masih adanya kekurangan. Oleh karena itu penulis masih membuka kritik dan saran yang membangun demi kesempurnaan skripsi ini.

  Tidak lupa penulis sampaikan terima kasih kepada orang tua penulis atas segala dukungan, nasehat, petunjuk, doa, saran dan bimbingan serta kesempatan yang telah diberikan selama penulisan skripsi ini. Rasa terima kasih juga penulis tujukan kepada : 1.

  Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara, Prof. Dr. Gerardus Polla, M.App.Sc 2. Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Bina Nusantara, Sablin Yusuf, Ir., M.Sc, M.Comp.Sc.

  3. Ketua Jurusan Teknik Informatika, H.M Subekti,BE,M.Sc 4.

  Fredy Purnomo, S.Kom., M.Kom.

  Sekretaris Jurusan Teknik Informatika, 5. Bapak Dr. Ir. Abdul Aziz, selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah banyak meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan pengarahan, nasehat, saran, kritik, dan perhatian yang besar serta masukan yang sangat berharga dalam penyusunan skripsi ini.

  6. Pimpinan dan segenap staf PT. Plaza Adika Lestari yang telah memberikan kesempatan kepada penulis untuk melakukan observasi di perusahaan tersebut.

  7. Dosen-dosen Universitas Bina Nusantara, yang telah membimbing selama perkuliahan sehingga banyak memberikan masukan kepada penulis untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

  8. Keluarga penulis termasuk saudara-saudari penulis yang telah memberikan dukungan moril maupun spiritual yang begitu besar sejak penulis masuk Universitas Bina Nusantara sampai dengan tahap penyelesaian skripsi ini.

  9. Teman-teman dan semua pihak yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu yang telah membantu dengan memberikan saran, nasehat, dorongan, semangat, dan kritik yang membangun serta bantuan lain baik langsung maupun tidak langsung. Akhirnya dengan segala kerendahan hati, penulis berharap semoga skripsi ini dapat berguna dan bermanfaat bagi pihak-pihak yang memerlukannya.

  Jakarta, Januari 2006 Penulis

DAFTAR ISI

  Hal Judul Luar Hal Judul Dalam................................................................................................................ii Hal Persetujuan Hardcover ..............................................................................................iii Abstrak ............................................................................................................................. iv Prakata............................................................................................................................... v Daftar Isi .........................................................................................................................vii Daftar Tabel ....................................................................................................................xii Daftar Gambar................................................................................................................xiii

  BAB I PENDAHULUAN............................................................................................... 1 1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1 1.2. Ruang Lingkup............................................................................................. 2 1.3. Tujuan Dan Manfaat .................................................................................... 3 1.4. Metodologi Penelitian .................................................................................. 4 1.5. Sistematika Penulisan .................................................................................. 5 BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ........................................................................................ 7 2.1. Teori-teori Basis Data .................................................................................. 7 2.1.1. Pengertian Sistem............................................................................. 7 2.1.2. Pengertian Basisdata ........................................................................ 7

  2.1.3. Database Management System (DBMS) ......................................... 8 2.1.3.1.

  Komponen DBMS............................................................. 9 2.1.3.2. Keuntungan DBMS......................................................... 12 2.1.3.3. Kerugian DBMS ............................................................. 13 2.1.4. Data Definition Language (DDL) .................................................. 16 2.1.5. Data Manipulation Language (DML) ............................................ 16 2.1.6. Normalisasi .................................................................................... 17 2.1.7. 4th GL (Generation Language) ...................................................... 19 2.1.8. Siklus Hidup Aplikasi Database..................................................... 20 2.1.9. Desain Konseptual, Logikal, Dan Fisikal Basisdata ...................... 23 2.2. Teori-teori Khusus ..................................................................................... 45 2.2.1.

  Pengertian Sumber Daya Manusia................................................. 45 2.2.2. Pengertian Sistem Informasi Sumber Daya Manusia..................... 46 2.2.3. Perekrutan ...................................................................................... 46 2.2.4. Cuti................................................................................................. 53 2.2.5. Ijin .................................................................................................. 54 2.2.6. Lembur ........................................................................................... 55 2.2.7. Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja........................................................... 55

  BAB III ANALISA SISTEM YANG SEDANG BERJALAN.................................. 58 3.1. Sejarah Organisasi...................................................................................... 58 3.2. Struktur Organisasi .................................................................................... 60 3.3. Wewenang dan Tanggung Jawab............................................................... 62 3.4. Diagram Alir Dokumen Sistem Yang Berjalan ......................................... 65

  3.5. Permasalahan yang Dihadapi ..................................................................... 80 3.6.

  Analisis Kebutuhan Informasi ................................................................... 80 3.7. Usulan Pemecahan Masalah....................................................................... 82

BAB IV PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI ............................................... 83 4.1. Perancangan Basis Data ............................................................................. 83 4.1.1. Perancangan Basis Data Konseptual.............................................. 83

  4.1.1.1. Mengidentifikasi Tipe Entity .......................................... 83

  4.1.1.2. Mengidentifikasi Tipe Relationship................................ 84

  4.1.1.3. Mengidentifikasi Dan Asosiasi Atribut Suatu Entity...... 87

  4.1.1.4. Menentukan Domain Atribut .......................................... 96

  4.1.1.5. Mengidentifikasi Candidate Dan Primary Key Dari Setiap Entity .................................................................... 97

  4.1.1.6. Mengidentifikasi Penggunaan Enhanced Modelling Concepts.......................................................................... 99

  4.1.1.7. Mengecek Model Redundansi....................................... 101

  4.1.1.8. Validasi Local Conceptual Model Terhadap Transaksi Pengguna ....................................................................... 101 4.1.2.

Perancangan Basis Data Logikal.................................................. 103

  4.1.2.1. Menghilangkan Feature Yang Tidak Kompatibel Dengan Model Relasional ............................................. 104

  4.1.2.2. Pembentukan Relation Untuk Local Logical Data Model ............................................................................ 104

  4.1.2.3. Normalisasi ................................................................... 118

  4.1.2.4. Pembuatan Model Basis Data Local Logical ................ 140 4.1.3.

Perancangan Basis Data Fisikal ................................................... 153

  4.1.3.1. Pemilihan DBMS .......................................................... 153

  4.1.3.2. Perancangan Basis Data Relasional .............................. 153

  4.1.3.3. Merancang Constraints.................................................. 177

  4.1.3.4. Analisa Transaksi .......................................................... 181

  4.1.3.5. Pemilihan Organisasi File ............................................. 188

  4.1.3.6. Pembuatan Index Setiap Entity ..................................... 188

  4.1.3.7. Mengestimasi Kapasitas Penyimpanan Yang Dibutuhkan.................................................................... 191

  4.1.3.8. Merancang Mekanisme Keamanan ............................... 199 4.2. Perancangan Aplikasi............................................................................... 200 4.2.1.

  Struktur Menu .............................................................................. 200 4.2.2. State Transition Diagram (STD) .................................................. 203 4.2.3. Spesifikasi Proses......................................................................... 222 4.3. Perancangan Input dan Output................................................................. 262 4.4. Rencana Implementasi ............................................................................. 291 4.4.1.

  Spesifikasi Perangkat Keras......................................................... 291 4.4.2. Spesifikasi Perangkat Lunak........................................................ 291 4.4.3. Cara Pengoperasian Aplikasi ....................................................... 292

  BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN........................................................................... 348 5.1. Simpulan .................................................................................................. 348 5.2. Saran......................................................................................................... 349

  DAFTAR PUSTAKA DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP LAMPIRAN FOTOCOPY SURAT SURVEY

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Tabel Perbandingan Rekrutmen .................................................................... 47Tabel 4.1 Tabel Identifikasi Entity............................................................................... 84Tabel 4.2 Tabel Tipe Relationship ............................................................................... 87Tabel 4.3 Tabel Atribut-atribut Entity ......................................................................... 88Tabel 4.4 Tabel Domain Atribut .................................................................................. 96Tabel 4.5 Tabel Candidate dan Primary Key ............................................................... 97Tabel 4.6 Tabel Binary Relationship one to many ..................................................... 106Tabel 4.7 Tabel Local Logical Data Model ............................................................... 140Tabel 4.8 Analisis Transaksi I ..................................................................................... 182Tabel 4.9 Analisis Transaksi II.................................................................................... 183Tabel 4.10 Analisis Transaksi III ................................................................................ 184Tabel 4.11 Analisis Transaksi IV ................................................................................ 185Tabel 4.12 Analisis Transaksi V ................................................................................. 186Tabel 4.13 Tabel Perhitungan Ruang Penyimpanan I .................................................. 191Tabel 4.14 Tabel Perhitungan Ruang Penyimpanan II................................................ 193Tabel 4.15 Tabel Perhitungan Besar Data pada Clustered Index................................ 195Tabel 4.16 Tabel Perhitungan Besar Data pada Non-Clustered Index........................ 196Tabel 4.17 Tabel Perhitungan Data ............................................................................. 197Tabel 4.18 Tabel Hak Akses ....................................................................................... 199

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Database Application Lifecycle............................................................... 21Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi PT. Plaza Adika Lestari .......................................... 61Gambar 3.2 Diagram Alir Pada Proses Perekrutan ..................................................... 66Gambar 3.3 Lanjutan Diagram Alir Pada Proses Perekrutan ...................................... 67Gambar 3.4 Diagram Alir Pada Proses Cuti dan Ijin .................................................. 70Gambar 3.5 Diagram Alir Pada Proses Lembur .......................................................... 71Gambar 3.6 Diagram Alir Pada Proses Pengunduran Diri .......................................... 73Gambar 3.7 Diagram Alir Pada Proses Pemecatan ..................................................... 75Gambar 3.8 Diagram Alir Pada Proses Rasionalisasi ................................................. 77Gambar 3.9 Diagram Alir Pada Proses Pensiun .......................................................... 78Gambar 3.10 Diagram Alir Pada Meninggal............................................................... 79Gambar 4.1 ER Diagram Konseptual .......................................................................... 86Gambar 4.2 ER Diagram Konseptual dengan Primary Keys ...................................... 98Gambar 4.3 Contoh Spesialisasi / Generalisasi Pada Entiti PHK dan Karyawan ....... 99Gambar 4.4 ER Diagram Konseptual dengan Primary Keys dan

  Generalisasi atau Spesialisasi................................................................ 100

Gambar 4.5 ER Diagram Konseptual dengan Primary Keys dan

  Generalisasi atau Spesialisasi dan Transaction Pathway ...................... 102

Gambar 4.6 Many-to-many relationship pada Karyawan dan Lembur ..................... 104Gambar 4.7 ER Diagram Local Logical Data Model dan Transaction Pathway ....... 150Gambar 4.8 Struktur Menu Pengguna Admin ............................................................. 201Gambar 4.9 Struktur Menu Pengguna User................................................................. 202Gambar 4.10 STD Form Login ................................................................................... 203Gambar 4.11 STD Halaman Depan............................................................................. 203Gambar 4.12 STD Menu Utama.................................................................................. 204Gambar 4.13 STD Menu Transaksi............................................................................. 205Gambar 4.14 STD Menu Laporan ............................................................................... 206Gambar 4.15 STD Form Karyawan............................................................................. 206Gambar 4.16 STD Form Keluarga Karyawan ............................................................. 207Gambar 4.17 STD Form Pendidikan Karyawan.......................................................... 207Gambar 4.18 STD Form Kepegawaian ....................................................................... 208Gambar 4.19 STD Form Bahasa Karyawan ................................................................ 208Gambar 4.20 STD Form Bank Karyawan ................................................................... 208Gambar 4.21 STD Form Pelamar ................................................................................ 209Gambar 4.22 STD Form Keluarga Pelamar ................................................................ 210Gambar 4.23 STD Form Pendidikan Pelamar ............................................................. 210Gambar 4.24 STD Form Perusahaan Pelamar............................................................. 210Gambar 4.25 STD Form Bahasa Pelamar ................................................................... 211Gambar 4.26 STD Form Keahlian Pelamar................................................................. 211Gambar 4.27 STD Form Referensi Pelamar................................................................ 212Gambar 4.28 STD Form Organisasi Pelamar.............................................................. 212Gambar 4.29 STD Form Test Pelamar ........................................................................ 213Gambar 4.30 STD Form Interview.............................................................................. 213Gambar 4.31 STD Form Departemen.......................................................................... 214Gambar 4.32 STD Form Jabatan ................................................................................. 214Gambar 4.33 STD Form Golongan ............................................................................. 215Gambar 4.34 STD Form Status Kerja ......................................................................... 215Gambar 4.35 STD Form Pendidikan ........................................................................... 215Gambar 4.36 STD Form Agama ................................................................................. 216Gambar 4.37 STD Form Status Menikah .................................................................... 216Gambar 4.38 STD Form Test ...................................................................................... 216Gambar 4.39 STD Form Man Power Planning ........................................................... 217Gambar 4.40 STD Form Detil Kebutuhan Karyawan ................................................. 217Gambar 4.41 STD Form Request Karyawan............................................................... 217Gambar 4.42 STD Form Syarat Khusus...................................................................... 218Gambar 4.43 STD Form Cuti ...................................................................................... 218Gambar 4.44 STD Form Ijin ....................................................................................... 218Gambar 4.45 STD Form Lembur ................................................................................ 219Gambar 4.46 STD Form Detil Lembur ....................................................................... 219Gambar 4.47 STD Form Peringatan ............................................................................ 219Gambar 4.48 STD Form Pemecatan............................................................................ 220Gambar 4.49 STD Form Rasionalisasi ........................................................................ 220Gambar 4.50 STD Form Pengunduran Diri................................................................. 220Gambar 4.51 STD Form Meninggal............................................................................ 221Gambar 4.52 STD Form Pensiun ................................................................................ 221Gambar 4.53 Form Login ........................................................................................... 263Gambar 4.54 Form Departemen ................................................................................. 263Gambar 4.55 Form Jabatan......................................................................................... 264Gambar 4.56 Form Golongan..................................................................................... 264Gambar 4.57 Form Status Kerja ................................................................................. 265Gambar 4.58 Form Pendidikan................................................................................... 265Gambar 4.59 Form Agama ......................................................................................... 266Gambar 4.60 Form Status Menikah............................................................................ 266Gambar 4.61 Form Test.............................................................................................. 267Gambar 4.62 Form Karyawan .................................................................................... 267Gambar 4.63 Form Bahasa Karyawan........................................................................ 268Gambar 4.64 Form Keluarga Karyawan..................................................................... 268Gambar 4.65 Form Pendidikan Karyawan ................................................................. 269Gambar 4.66 Form Bank Karyawan........................................................................... 269Gambar 4.67 Form Kepegawaian............................................................................... 270Gambar 4.68 Form Peringatan Karyawan .................................................................. 270Gambar 4.69 Form Pelamar ....................................................................................... 271Gambar 4.70 Form Bahasa Pelamar ........................................................................... 271Gambar 4.71 Form Keahlian Pelamar ........................................................................ 272Gambar 4.72 Form Organisasi Pelamar ..................................................................... 272Gambar 4.73 Perusahaan Pelamar .............................................................................. 273Gambar 4.74 Form Keluarga Pelamar........................................................................ 273Gambar 4.75 Form Pendidikan Pelamar..................................................................... 274Gambar 4.76 Form Referensi Pelamar ....................................................................... 274Gambar 4.77 Form Test Pelamar................................................................................ 275Gambar 4.78 Form Interview ..................................................................................... 275Gambar 4.79 Form Man Power Planning................................................................... 276Gambar 4.80 Form Detil Kebutuhan Karyawan......................................................... 276Gambar 4.81 Form Request Karyawan ...................................................................... 277Gambar 4.82 Form Syarat Khusus ............................................................................. 277Gambar 4.83 Form Cuti.............................................................................................. 278Gambar 4.84 Form Ijin ............................................................................................... 278Gambar 4.85 Form Lembur ........................................................................................ 279Gambar 4.86 Form Detil Lembur ............................................................................... 279Gambar 4.87 Form Peringatan ................................................................................... 280Gambar 4.88 Form Pemecatan ................................................................................... 280Gambar 4.89 Form Rasionalisasi................................................................................ 281Gambar 4.90 Form Pengunduran Diri ........................................................................ 282Gambar 4.91 Form Meninggal ................................................................................... 282Gambar 4.92 Form Pensiun ........................................................................................ 283Gambar 4.93 Laporan Cuti ......................................................................................... 284Gambar 4.94 Laporan Ijin .......................................................................................... 285Gambar 4.95 Laporan Lembur ................................................................................... 286Gambar 4.96 Laporan Pemecatan............................................................................... 287Gambar 4.97 Laporan Pensiun ................................................................................... 288Gambar 4.98 Laporan Pengunduran Diri ................................................................... 289Gambar 4.99 Laporan Rasionalisasi........................................................................... 290

  Gambar 4.100 Form Login ......................................................................................... 292 Gambar 4.101 Form Menu Utama.............................................................................. 293 Gambar 4.102 Form Departemen ............................................................................... 294 Gambar 4.103 Form Jabatan....................................................................................... 295

  Gambar 4.104 Form Golongan................................................................................... 296 Gambar 4.105 Form Status Kerja ............................................................................... 298 Gambar 4.106 Form Pendidikan................................................................................. 299 Gambar 4.107 Form Agama ....................................................................................... 300 Gambar 4.108 Form Status Menikah.......................................................................... 302 Gambar 4.109 Form Test............................................................................................ 303 Gambar 4.110 Form Karyawan .................................................................................. 304 Gambar 4.111 Form Keluarga Karyawan................................................................... 306 Gambar 4.112 Form Kepegawaian............................................................................. 307 Gambar 4.113 Form Bahasa Karyawan...................................................................... 308 Gambar 4.114 Form Bank Karyawan......................................................................... 310 Gambar 4.115 Form Pendidikan Karyawan ............................................................... 311 Gambar 4.116 Form Peringatan Karyawan ................................................................ 312 Gambar 4.117 Form Pelamar...................................................................................... 313 Gambar 4.118 Form Bahasa Pelamar ......................................................................... 315 Gambar 4.119 Form Keluarga Pelamar...................................................................... 316 Gambar 4.120 Form Pendidikan Pelamar................................................................... 317 Gambar 4.121 Form Organisasi Pelamar ................................................................... 318 Gambar 4.122 Form Pengalaman Pelamar ................................................................. 320 Gambar 4.123 Form Referensi Pelamar ..................................................................... 321 Gambar 4.124 Form Test Pelamar.............................................................................. 322 Gambar 4.125 Form Interview ................................................................................... 323 Gambar 4.126 Form Keahlian Pelamar ...................................................................... 325 Gambar 4.127 Form Man Power Planning................................................................. 326

  Gambar 4.128 Form Detil Kebutuhan Karyawan....................................................... 328 Gambar 4.129 Form Request Karyawan .................................................................... 329 Gambar 4.130 Form Syarat Khusus ........................................................................... 331 Gambar 4.131 Form Cuti............................................................................................ 332 Gambar 4.132 Form Ijin ............................................................................................. 334 Gambar 4.133 Form Lembur ...................................................................................... 335 Gambar 4.134 Form Detil Lembur ............................................................................. 336 Gambar 4.135 Form Peringatan.................................................................................. 338 Gambar 4.136 Form Pemecatan ................................................................................. 340 Gambar 4.137 Form Rasionalisasi ............................................................................. 341 Gambar 4.138 Form Pengunduran Diri ...................................................................... 343 Gambar 4.139 Form Meninggal ................................................................................. 344 Gambar 4.140 Form Pensiun ...................................................................................... 346