File-file yang bisa di- | Fakultas Peternakan UNSOED Prof. Jelan1
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Time to share experience & knowledge on hydroponic barley
fodder production technology
CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY
FOR BARLEY FODDER PRODUCTION
• 1996 - 2003 – Operating fodder system at UPM Malaysia.
• 2011 – Due diligent work on H2O Farm in UK.
Teknologi lingkungan terkontrol untuk
produksi foder barli
• 2014 – Due diligent work on Foddertech in USA.
• 2016 – Due diligent work on Agritom system (Turkey, Qatar & Dubai).
ZAINAL JELAN
• Present – Al-Afandi Est. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
DVM MSc PhD
jelanzainal@yahoo.com
UNSOED Purwokerto.
19 Nov 2016
1
1
Barley grains
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
2
Germinations (sprouting) of barley grains
• One of the earliest cultivated cereal (Serealia)
• Germination (Perkecambahan):
Process of “ a seed developing into new plant”
• Uses:
• Most as livestock feed; alcohol & starch
production.
Chain of processes where stored proteins, fats
and starches in grains/seeds are broken down into
simpler forms for use by the growing plan.
• Least use as staple human food.
• Germination depends on:
• Characteristics of barley grains
• Internal factors:
• A hard grain:
‒ Variety
‒ Conditions (post harvest management)
‒ Very likely to stay undigested.
‒ Need processing to improve digestion
(removing hulls, grinding or breaking of
the bran layer).
• External factors:
‒
‒
‒
‒
Barley grain
‒ Traditional way to soak before feeding.
• Two significant nutritional values:
‒ High starch content (energy source).
• Germination of barley (or other grains & seeds)
results in a big increase in sugar content (when
compared before sprouting).
‒ Higher crude protein than other cereals.
• Optimum growth conditions in soil
o
• 20 C environmental temp.
• 20 to 180cm rainfall (tolerant to dryness)
• Soil pH 4.5 to 8.3 (better in alkaline)
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
Oxygen/air
Temperature
Humidity/water
Light / Darkness
Barley grain
STARCH
(Becomes
shoot)
(Becomes
root)
3
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
4
1
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Key terminologies
Nutritional benefits of barley fodder
• During sprouting, starch in grain is converted to sugar (gula ):
‒ Better utilized in the rumen than the dry grain.
‒ Rumen pH is more stable & reduces acidosis.
SPROUT
Consists of a grain/seed that is just
Traditional
practice
• Sprouted grain lacks enzyme inhibitors (compared to its
dormant form):
beginning to grow a small root
‒ Minerals & vitamins can absorbed more efficiently.
• Digestibility improvement:
‒
‒
‒
Sprouting time:
6-8 days
• High content of usable energy (Metabolizable Energy):
BARLEY FODDER
‒
A common name to the stage when
the sprouted grains continue to grow
Barley fodder (8-day)........ 85%
Ground barley …………... 70%
Barley grains ……………. 55%
until they start to produce first leaf,
• Palatable:
when it is harvested
5
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
Readily eaten by all farm animals
‒
About 15% of the mass of sprouts is in the leafy portion.
The rest in residual grains/seed and roots.
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
6
• Development of the technology:
• Earlier time
2. Clean and safe feed.
Feeding sprouted grain to livestock is an old practice.
3. Accelerated (fast) fodder growth.
‒ >200 years ago, European dairy farmers fed sprouted
grains to cows during winter.
4. High yield of high value feed from a small land area.
‒ Many improvised methods to produce the grain fodder
for livestock production systems.
5. Low cost of production:
Sprouting time:
6-8 days
• Modern days - early advances in Australia:
‒ Concept of high yield production under controlled
environment
‒ Easy & low maintenance
‒ Trouble free operations
‒ Design of the trays for optimum growth and yield of
fodder and irrigation of fodder
6. Simple operating procedures:
‒ Automated / computer-controlled environment of
chamber
‒ Unskilled farmer can handle
‒ Not labor intensive (1 man working 2 - 3 hrs/day for 2
MT production system.
7
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
6
Barley fodder production technology
1. Optimum (quality and quantity) fresh fodder yield
daily and all through the year irrespective of weather.
‒ Low water utilization (uses 3% of the amount of water
required for standard forage production)
‒
5
Process benefits of the production system
‒ Low energy consumption
11 to 12 Mega Joule per kg DM
• High content of vitamins A, E, B complex and C. Vitamin of
some seeds can increase by 20 times their original value.
Recent interest
8
7
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
8
2
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Advancement of the fodder production technology
Recent acceptance and benefits of the barley fodder production technology
• Demand to provide better nutrition:
• Current technology involves:
‒ For animals of superior genetic potential that requires high
plane of nutrition e.g. dairy animals
i. Design and concept for better efficiency and mass fodder
production.
‒ As a strategy to sustain nutrition of animals during seasons of
poor fresh forage supplies e.g. winter months, long dry
seasons and floods that destroy pastureland.
‒ Automation for industrial production
‒ Automation for reduced manpower
‒ Transportable production unit
• Present a chance for producers to control some aspects of their
forage needs and ensure a consistent daily supply of highly
digestible forage.
ii. Making optimum conditions & facilities of the chamber:
‒ For high grain germination.
• Opportunity to provide fresh pasture to farm animals in arid lands
e.g. Middle East
‒ For high yield of fodder at harvest.
‒ Economy of production.
• Land limitation for fresh fodder production. Build a more sustainable
farm on limited land base.
• Demand for organic forage - e.g. in the US
• Save costs of high value feed production.
9
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
10
9
Conversion of barley grain to fodder
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
10
Stages of growth of barley fodder (8-day system)
• Dry matter of barley fodder (at harvest):
Day
1
- Approximately 14% (140gm/kg):
Day
5
Average Fodder Height
(Yield ratio 1:7.5)
- Moisture content of 86% (860gm/kg)
- Suitable to mix with dry feed (forages & straws)
Day
Day
2
• Yield of barley fodder:
- Ratio of 1:7 (1kg grain produces 7 kg fodder)
1kg DM
~140 to 150 kg grains = 1,000 kg fodder
Day
6
1kg grains
- Factors influencing yield:
- Germination rate of grain
- Variety of grain
About
1kg DM
- Quality of grain
Day
3
7kg Fodder
Day
7
- Grains preparation
- Growth environment (in the chamber/room)
Day
4
Day
8
11
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
1
(cm)
Nil
2
Nil
3
3-4
4
7-8
5
10-12
6
13-16
7
16-18
8
20-23
ZAMJ – (2014)
Idaho US Dairy Farm
12
11
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
12
3
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Reasons for preference for barley grains as fodder
Growing requirement for barley fodder in chamber
• Most nutritious of the small grains.
• A climate-controlled room
• Barley sprouts are generally suitable
feed for many farm animals.
‒ Temperature at 18-20 C
o
‒ Humidity 70%
• Grows (germinates) the fastest and
easiest.
• Optimum lighting conditions (??)
‒ Fluorescent light
• Most cost-effective of all the grains to
produce fodder.
‒ LED light or Grow lights
• Air quality and movement
• Can be grown with other seeds/grains
in the same tray.
‒ Air filtrations system & fan
‒ UV light - environment sterilization
• Barley grains store well.
• Water quality
• Not in competition as staple food of
most world population – price is more
stable.
‒ Ordinary household water
‒ Water sterilization by ozone gas
• Nutrient supply system (irrigation system)
ZAMJ – (2011) H2O Farm UK
13
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
14
13
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
14
Nutrient supply (irrigation system) to fodder – Technical Diagram
Nutrient supply (irrigation system) to fodder
• Water:
‒ Few technologies use only water to irrigate
the grains and fodder.
‒ Technically, sprouting grains do not need
nutrients at the early growth (7-10days),
except water.
• Nutrient (fertilizer) solution
‒ Some technologies use specific mineral
fertilizer solution as growth medium.
• Irrigation techniques:
1. Spray (fine jet spray) on the fodder.
2. Thin film nutrient flow in the trays of
fodder.
• Grains (and the growing fodder) is kept just wet
on the trays at all time.
‒ Intermittent spray or flow of nutrient solution
or water.
‒ Fully automated systems (computer
controlled or simple timer).
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
15
16
15
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
16
4
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Rack and trays for sprouting barley
Rack and trays in the grow room/chamber for producing barley fodder
• Racks:
A technology developed by Foddertech US.
‒ To hold the trays
‒ Racks are fixed to the floor or movable/mobile
• Trays
‒ For holding the grains
‒ Specifically designed (usually patented)
‒ Various sizes
‒ Fixed to the rack or movable
ZAMJ – (2016) Sheep farm, Qatar
ZAMJ – (2014) Idaho US Dairy Farm
17
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
18
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
17
Recent acceptance and benefits of the barley fodder production technology
18
Issues in production of fodder
• Mold is the number one problem:
• Demand to improve the nutritional status of the animals.
• Particularly for animals of superior genetic potential
that requires supplementary (high plane) nutrition e.g.
dairy animals
‒ Contaminated barley grains.
Soak grains in water
with addition of
hydrogen peroxide
‒ Poor sanitation of the room
• Low yield of fodder
• Strategy to sustain nutritional condition during seasons
of poor fresh forage supplies e.g. winter months, long
draught seasons and floods that destroy pastureland.
‒ Low germination of grains
Use UV lights &
disinfectants
‒ Quality of grains
• Present a chance for producers to control some aspects of
their forage needs and ensure a consistent daily supply of
highly digestible forage.
Buy good grains
• Opportunity to provide fresh pasture to farm animals in arid
lands e.g. Middle East
How much fodder to feed to animals?
• Land limitation for fresh fodder production. Build a more
sustainable farm on limited land base.
• DEPENDS ON YOUR PURPOSE OF FEEDING
‒ As supplements of fresh fodder:
• Demand for organic forage - e.g. in the US
10-20 kg/day – DAIRY COWS
• Save costs of high value feed production.
2-5 kg/day – DAIRY GOATS
19
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
19
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
20
5
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Preparation of barley grains for germination
Some production operation
22
ZAMJ – (2014) - Idaho US Dairy Farm
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
21
Some production operation
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
22
Some production operations
ZAMJ – (2016) Dairy cattle Farm, Dubai, UAE.
23
24
ZAMJ – (2014) - Idaho US Dairy Farm
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
23
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
24
6
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Some production operation
Feeding barley fodder to animals
Dairy cows
Dairy goats
Beef cattle
Horses
Chicken
Pigs
Rabbits
Ostriches
Zoo animals
Deer
Alpacas
25
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 19Nov2016
25
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
26
7
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Time to share experience & knowledge on hydroponic barley
fodder production technology
CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY
FOR BARLEY FODDER PRODUCTION
• 1996 - 2003 – Operating fodder system at UPM Malaysia.
• 2011 – Due diligent work on H2O Farm in UK.
Teknologi lingkungan terkontrol untuk
produksi foder barli
• 2014 – Due diligent work on Foddertech in USA.
• 2016 – Due diligent work on Agritom system (Turkey, Qatar & Dubai).
ZAINAL JELAN
• Present – Al-Afandi Est. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
DVM MSc PhD
jelanzainal@yahoo.com
UNSOED Purwokerto.
19 Nov 2016
1
1
Barley grains
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
2
Germinations (sprouting) of barley grains
• One of the earliest cultivated cereal (Serealia)
• Germination (Perkecambahan):
Process of “ a seed developing into new plant”
• Uses:
• Most as livestock feed; alcohol & starch
production.
Chain of processes where stored proteins, fats
and starches in grains/seeds are broken down into
simpler forms for use by the growing plan.
• Least use as staple human food.
• Germination depends on:
• Characteristics of barley grains
• Internal factors:
• A hard grain:
‒ Variety
‒ Conditions (post harvest management)
‒ Very likely to stay undigested.
‒ Need processing to improve digestion
(removing hulls, grinding or breaking of
the bran layer).
• External factors:
‒
‒
‒
‒
Barley grain
‒ Traditional way to soak before feeding.
• Two significant nutritional values:
‒ High starch content (energy source).
• Germination of barley (or other grains & seeds)
results in a big increase in sugar content (when
compared before sprouting).
‒ Higher crude protein than other cereals.
• Optimum growth conditions in soil
o
• 20 C environmental temp.
• 20 to 180cm rainfall (tolerant to dryness)
• Soil pH 4.5 to 8.3 (better in alkaline)
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
Oxygen/air
Temperature
Humidity/water
Light / Darkness
Barley grain
STARCH
(Becomes
shoot)
(Becomes
root)
3
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
4
1
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Key terminologies
Nutritional benefits of barley fodder
• During sprouting, starch in grain is converted to sugar (gula ):
‒ Better utilized in the rumen than the dry grain.
‒ Rumen pH is more stable & reduces acidosis.
SPROUT
Consists of a grain/seed that is just
Traditional
practice
• Sprouted grain lacks enzyme inhibitors (compared to its
dormant form):
beginning to grow a small root
‒ Minerals & vitamins can absorbed more efficiently.
• Digestibility improvement:
‒
‒
‒
Sprouting time:
6-8 days
• High content of usable energy (Metabolizable Energy):
BARLEY FODDER
‒
A common name to the stage when
the sprouted grains continue to grow
Barley fodder (8-day)........ 85%
Ground barley …………... 70%
Barley grains ……………. 55%
until they start to produce first leaf,
• Palatable:
when it is harvested
5
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
Readily eaten by all farm animals
‒
About 15% of the mass of sprouts is in the leafy portion.
The rest in residual grains/seed and roots.
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
6
• Development of the technology:
• Earlier time
2. Clean and safe feed.
Feeding sprouted grain to livestock is an old practice.
3. Accelerated (fast) fodder growth.
‒ >200 years ago, European dairy farmers fed sprouted
grains to cows during winter.
4. High yield of high value feed from a small land area.
‒ Many improvised methods to produce the grain fodder
for livestock production systems.
5. Low cost of production:
Sprouting time:
6-8 days
• Modern days - early advances in Australia:
‒ Concept of high yield production under controlled
environment
‒ Easy & low maintenance
‒ Trouble free operations
‒ Design of the trays for optimum growth and yield of
fodder and irrigation of fodder
6. Simple operating procedures:
‒ Automated / computer-controlled environment of
chamber
‒ Unskilled farmer can handle
‒ Not labor intensive (1 man working 2 - 3 hrs/day for 2
MT production system.
7
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
6
Barley fodder production technology
1. Optimum (quality and quantity) fresh fodder yield
daily and all through the year irrespective of weather.
‒ Low water utilization (uses 3% of the amount of water
required for standard forage production)
‒
5
Process benefits of the production system
‒ Low energy consumption
11 to 12 Mega Joule per kg DM
• High content of vitamins A, E, B complex and C. Vitamin of
some seeds can increase by 20 times their original value.
Recent interest
8
7
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
8
2
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Advancement of the fodder production technology
Recent acceptance and benefits of the barley fodder production technology
• Demand to provide better nutrition:
• Current technology involves:
‒ For animals of superior genetic potential that requires high
plane of nutrition e.g. dairy animals
i. Design and concept for better efficiency and mass fodder
production.
‒ As a strategy to sustain nutrition of animals during seasons of
poor fresh forage supplies e.g. winter months, long dry
seasons and floods that destroy pastureland.
‒ Automation for industrial production
‒ Automation for reduced manpower
‒ Transportable production unit
• Present a chance for producers to control some aspects of their
forage needs and ensure a consistent daily supply of highly
digestible forage.
ii. Making optimum conditions & facilities of the chamber:
‒ For high grain germination.
• Opportunity to provide fresh pasture to farm animals in arid lands
e.g. Middle East
‒ For high yield of fodder at harvest.
‒ Economy of production.
• Land limitation for fresh fodder production. Build a more sustainable
farm on limited land base.
• Demand for organic forage - e.g. in the US
• Save costs of high value feed production.
9
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
10
9
Conversion of barley grain to fodder
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
10
Stages of growth of barley fodder (8-day system)
• Dry matter of barley fodder (at harvest):
Day
1
- Approximately 14% (140gm/kg):
Day
5
Average Fodder Height
(Yield ratio 1:7.5)
- Moisture content of 86% (860gm/kg)
- Suitable to mix with dry feed (forages & straws)
Day
Day
2
• Yield of barley fodder:
- Ratio of 1:7 (1kg grain produces 7 kg fodder)
1kg DM
~140 to 150 kg grains = 1,000 kg fodder
Day
6
1kg grains
- Factors influencing yield:
- Germination rate of grain
- Variety of grain
About
1kg DM
- Quality of grain
Day
3
7kg Fodder
Day
7
- Grains preparation
- Growth environment (in the chamber/room)
Day
4
Day
8
11
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
1
(cm)
Nil
2
Nil
3
3-4
4
7-8
5
10-12
6
13-16
7
16-18
8
20-23
ZAMJ – (2014)
Idaho US Dairy Farm
12
11
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
12
3
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Reasons for preference for barley grains as fodder
Growing requirement for barley fodder in chamber
• Most nutritious of the small grains.
• A climate-controlled room
• Barley sprouts are generally suitable
feed for many farm animals.
‒ Temperature at 18-20 C
o
‒ Humidity 70%
• Grows (germinates) the fastest and
easiest.
• Optimum lighting conditions (??)
‒ Fluorescent light
• Most cost-effective of all the grains to
produce fodder.
‒ LED light or Grow lights
• Air quality and movement
• Can be grown with other seeds/grains
in the same tray.
‒ Air filtrations system & fan
‒ UV light - environment sterilization
• Barley grains store well.
• Water quality
• Not in competition as staple food of
most world population – price is more
stable.
‒ Ordinary household water
‒ Water sterilization by ozone gas
• Nutrient supply system (irrigation system)
ZAMJ – (2011) H2O Farm UK
13
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
14
13
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
14
Nutrient supply (irrigation system) to fodder – Technical Diagram
Nutrient supply (irrigation system) to fodder
• Water:
‒ Few technologies use only water to irrigate
the grains and fodder.
‒ Technically, sprouting grains do not need
nutrients at the early growth (7-10days),
except water.
• Nutrient (fertilizer) solution
‒ Some technologies use specific mineral
fertilizer solution as growth medium.
• Irrigation techniques:
1. Spray (fine jet spray) on the fodder.
2. Thin film nutrient flow in the trays of
fodder.
• Grains (and the growing fodder) is kept just wet
on the trays at all time.
‒ Intermittent spray or flow of nutrient solution
or water.
‒ Fully automated systems (computer
controlled or simple timer).
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
15
16
15
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
16
4
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Rack and trays for sprouting barley
Rack and trays in the grow room/chamber for producing barley fodder
• Racks:
A technology developed by Foddertech US.
‒ To hold the trays
‒ Racks are fixed to the floor or movable/mobile
• Trays
‒ For holding the grains
‒ Specifically designed (usually patented)
‒ Various sizes
‒ Fixed to the rack or movable
ZAMJ – (2016) Sheep farm, Qatar
ZAMJ – (2014) Idaho US Dairy Farm
17
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
18
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
17
Recent acceptance and benefits of the barley fodder production technology
18
Issues in production of fodder
• Mold is the number one problem:
• Demand to improve the nutritional status of the animals.
• Particularly for animals of superior genetic potential
that requires supplementary (high plane) nutrition e.g.
dairy animals
‒ Contaminated barley grains.
Soak grains in water
with addition of
hydrogen peroxide
‒ Poor sanitation of the room
• Low yield of fodder
• Strategy to sustain nutritional condition during seasons
of poor fresh forage supplies e.g. winter months, long
draught seasons and floods that destroy pastureland.
‒ Low germination of grains
Use UV lights &
disinfectants
‒ Quality of grains
• Present a chance for producers to control some aspects of
their forage needs and ensure a consistent daily supply of
highly digestible forage.
Buy good grains
• Opportunity to provide fresh pasture to farm animals in arid
lands e.g. Middle East
How much fodder to feed to animals?
• Land limitation for fresh fodder production. Build a more
sustainable farm on limited land base.
• DEPENDS ON YOUR PURPOSE OF FEEDING
‒ As supplements of fresh fodder:
• Demand for organic forage - e.g. in the US
10-20 kg/day – DAIRY COWS
• Save costs of high value feed production.
2-5 kg/day – DAIRY GOATS
19
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
19
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
20
5
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Preparation of barley grains for germination
Some production operation
22
ZAMJ – (2014) - Idaho US Dairy Farm
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
21
Some production operation
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
22
Some production operations
ZAMJ – (2016) Dairy cattle Farm, Dubai, UAE.
23
24
ZAMJ – (2014) - Idaho US Dairy Farm
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
23
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
24
6
Barley fodder prod - Purwokerto
Nov2016
11/19/2016
Some production operation
Feeding barley fodder to animals
Dairy cows
Dairy goats
Beef cattle
Horses
Chicken
Pigs
Rabbits
Ostriches
Zoo animals
Deer
Alpacas
25
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 19Nov2016
25
Barley fodder prod. – Seminar, UNSOED Purwokerto. 17Nov2016
26
7