s p1661 811655 table of content
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
ABSTRAK
i
KATA PENGANTAR
ii
DAFTAR ISI
iv
DAFTAR TABEL
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
viii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ......................................................................... 1
1.2 Perumusan Masalah ............................................................................... 2
1.3 Pembatasan Masalah ............................................................................. 2
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................... 3
1.5 Metode Penelitian ................................................................................... 3
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan............................................................................. 3
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI
5
2.1 Instalasi Listrik ........................................................................................ 5
2.1.1 Jenis dan Ruang Lingkup Instalasi ................................................. 5
2.1.2 Perencanaan Instalasi Listrik.......................................................... 6
2.1.3 Peralatan Instalasi Listrik ............................................................... 7
2.2 Cahaya ................................................................................................... 8
2.2.1 Intensitas Cahaya .......................................................................... 11
2.2.2 Flux Cahaya ................................................................................... 11
2.2.3 Intensitas Penerangan ................................................................... 12
2.2.4 Efektifitas Penerangan ................................................................... 14
2.2.5 Intensitas Penerangan (Illmuninous Intensity) Bidang Kerja ........... 16
2.2.6 Jenis-Jenis Lampu ......................................................................... 17
1. Lampu Pijar (Incandensent Lamp)................................................. 17
2. Lampu TL (Tube Luminesent) ....................................................... 18
3. Lampu Halogen ............................................................................. 19
2.2.7 Armatur .......................................................................................... 20
2.3 Perlengkapan Hubung Bagi (PHB) .......................................................... 21
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2.4 Penghantar Listrik .................................................................................. 23
2.4.1 Penghantar Tembaga .................................................................... 23
2.4.2 Penghantar Alumunium .................................................................. 24
2.4.3 Isolasi Kabel................................................................................... 25
2.4.4 Jenis-Jenis Kabel ........................................................................... 25
2.4.5 Nomenklatur Kabel......................................................................... 28
2.5 Pentanahan (Grounding) ........................................................................ 29
2.6 Penerangan Jalan Umum (PJU) ............................................................. 33
2.6.1 Pengertian Penerangan Jalan Umum (PJU)................................... 33
2.6.2 Lingkup Pekerjaan Penerangan Jalan Umum ................................ 34
2.6.3 Spesifikasi Umum Lampu PJU ....................................................... 34
2.6.4 Ketentuan Pemasangan PJU ......................................................... 35
2.6.5 Tiang Penerangan Jalan ................................................................ 36
2.6.6 Kabel Penerangan ......................................................................... 37
2.6.7 Pajak Penerangan Jalan (PPJ) ...................................................... 37
BAB III KOMPONEN DAN PROSES PEMASANGAN
INSTALASI PJU
39
3.1 Deskripsi Kondisi Lapangan.................................................................... 39
3.2 Deskripsi Material dan Alat Kerja ............................................................ 39
3.2.1 Tiang .............................................................................................. 41
3.2.2 Lampu ............................................................................................ 43
3.2.3 Penghantar Listrik .......................................................................... 44
3.2.4 Penghantar Hubung Bagi (PHB) .................................................... 48
3.2.4.1 Alat Pengukur dan Pembatas (APP)...................................... 48
3.2.4.2 Pengaman ............................................................................. 50
3.2.4.3 Kotak Panel (Panel Box) ....................................................... 51
3.2.5 Pengetanahan................................................................................ 51
3.2.6 Material Pelengkap ........................................................................ 53
1. Timer ............................................................................................. 53
2. Lampu dan Armatur....................................................................... 53
3. Asesories Kabel ............................................................................ 54
3.2.7 Alat Kerja ....................................................................................... 55
1. Kaki Tiga (Tripod) .......................................................................... 55
2. Katrol (Chain Block) ...................................................................... 55
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3. Alat kerja Lainnya .......................................................................... 56
3.3 Proses Pemasangan Instalasi................................................................. 56
3.3.1 Pemasangan Tiang dan Pondasi ................................................... 56
3.3.2 Penggelaran Kabel dan Penarikan Kabel TIC ................................ 56
3.3.3 Pemasangan PHB.......................................................................... 57
3.3.4 Pengetanahan................................................................................ 58
3.3.5 Pemasangan Lampu dan Armatur .................................................. 59
3.3.6 Penyambungan .............................................................................. 59
BAB IV ANALISIS HASIL PEKERJAAN
60
4.1 Analisis dan Pembahasan....................................................................... 60
4.1.1 Material PJU .................................................................................. 60
4.1.2 Proses Pemasangan Instalasi ........................................................ 61
4.1.3 Hasil Pekerjaan .............................................................................. 62
a. Pencahayaan ................................................................................ 63
b. Kinerja Lampu ............................................................................... 69
c. Jenis Jaringan ............................................................................... 69
4.2 Data Ukur ............................................................................................... 70
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
72
5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 72
5.2 Saran
................................................................................................. 73
Daftar Pustaka .............................................................................................. 74
vi
Halaman
ABSTRAK
i
KATA PENGANTAR
ii
DAFTAR ISI
iv
DAFTAR TABEL
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
viii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ......................................................................... 1
1.2 Perumusan Masalah ............................................................................... 2
1.3 Pembatasan Masalah ............................................................................. 2
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................... 3
1.5 Metode Penelitian ................................................................................... 3
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan............................................................................. 3
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI
5
2.1 Instalasi Listrik ........................................................................................ 5
2.1.1 Jenis dan Ruang Lingkup Instalasi ................................................. 5
2.1.2 Perencanaan Instalasi Listrik.......................................................... 6
2.1.3 Peralatan Instalasi Listrik ............................................................... 7
2.2 Cahaya ................................................................................................... 8
2.2.1 Intensitas Cahaya .......................................................................... 11
2.2.2 Flux Cahaya ................................................................................... 11
2.2.3 Intensitas Penerangan ................................................................... 12
2.2.4 Efektifitas Penerangan ................................................................... 14
2.2.5 Intensitas Penerangan (Illmuninous Intensity) Bidang Kerja ........... 16
2.2.6 Jenis-Jenis Lampu ......................................................................... 17
1. Lampu Pijar (Incandensent Lamp)................................................. 17
2. Lampu TL (Tube Luminesent) ....................................................... 18
3. Lampu Halogen ............................................................................. 19
2.2.7 Armatur .......................................................................................... 20
2.3 Perlengkapan Hubung Bagi (PHB) .......................................................... 21
iv
2.4 Penghantar Listrik .................................................................................. 23
2.4.1 Penghantar Tembaga .................................................................... 23
2.4.2 Penghantar Alumunium .................................................................. 24
2.4.3 Isolasi Kabel................................................................................... 25
2.4.4 Jenis-Jenis Kabel ........................................................................... 25
2.4.5 Nomenklatur Kabel......................................................................... 28
2.5 Pentanahan (Grounding) ........................................................................ 29
2.6 Penerangan Jalan Umum (PJU) ............................................................. 33
2.6.1 Pengertian Penerangan Jalan Umum (PJU)................................... 33
2.6.2 Lingkup Pekerjaan Penerangan Jalan Umum ................................ 34
2.6.3 Spesifikasi Umum Lampu PJU ....................................................... 34
2.6.4 Ketentuan Pemasangan PJU ......................................................... 35
2.6.5 Tiang Penerangan Jalan ................................................................ 36
2.6.6 Kabel Penerangan ......................................................................... 37
2.6.7 Pajak Penerangan Jalan (PPJ) ...................................................... 37
BAB III KOMPONEN DAN PROSES PEMASANGAN
INSTALASI PJU
39
3.1 Deskripsi Kondisi Lapangan.................................................................... 39
3.2 Deskripsi Material dan Alat Kerja ............................................................ 39
3.2.1 Tiang .............................................................................................. 41
3.2.2 Lampu ............................................................................................ 43
3.2.3 Penghantar Listrik .......................................................................... 44
3.2.4 Penghantar Hubung Bagi (PHB) .................................................... 48
3.2.4.1 Alat Pengukur dan Pembatas (APP)...................................... 48
3.2.4.2 Pengaman ............................................................................. 50
3.2.4.3 Kotak Panel (Panel Box) ....................................................... 51
3.2.5 Pengetanahan................................................................................ 51
3.2.6 Material Pelengkap ........................................................................ 53
1. Timer ............................................................................................. 53
2. Lampu dan Armatur....................................................................... 53
3. Asesories Kabel ............................................................................ 54
3.2.7 Alat Kerja ....................................................................................... 55
1. Kaki Tiga (Tripod) .......................................................................... 55
2. Katrol (Chain Block) ...................................................................... 55
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3. Alat kerja Lainnya .......................................................................... 56
3.3 Proses Pemasangan Instalasi................................................................. 56
3.3.1 Pemasangan Tiang dan Pondasi ................................................... 56
3.3.2 Penggelaran Kabel dan Penarikan Kabel TIC ................................ 56
3.3.3 Pemasangan PHB.......................................................................... 57
3.3.4 Pengetanahan................................................................................ 58
3.3.5 Pemasangan Lampu dan Armatur .................................................. 59
3.3.6 Penyambungan .............................................................................. 59
BAB IV ANALISIS HASIL PEKERJAAN
60
4.1 Analisis dan Pembahasan....................................................................... 60
4.1.1 Material PJU .................................................................................. 60
4.1.2 Proses Pemasangan Instalasi ........................................................ 61
4.1.3 Hasil Pekerjaan .............................................................................. 62
a. Pencahayaan ................................................................................ 63
b. Kinerja Lampu ............................................................................... 69
c. Jenis Jaringan ............................................................................... 69
4.2 Data Ukur ............................................................................................... 70
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
72
5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 72
5.2 Saran
................................................................................................. 73
Daftar Pustaka .............................................................................................. 74
vi