A Structural Analysis On The Act Of Violence In Charles Perrault’s Little Thumb A Thesis
A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF VIOLENCE IN CHARLES
PERRAULT’S LITTLE THUMB
A THESIS
BY
YUNI RAHAYU NINGSIH GINTING
REG.NO.110705055
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF VIOLENCE IN CHARLES
PERRAULT’S LITTLE THUMB
A THESIS
BY:
YUNI RAHAYU NINGSIH GINTING
REG. NO. 110705077
SUPERVISOR,
CO-SUPERVISOR,
Dra. Martha Pardede, M.S
Drs. SiamirMarulafau, M.Hum
NIP. 19521229 197903 2 001
NIP. 19580517 198503 1 003
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of SarjanaSastra from
Department of English
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The SarjanaSastra Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
Dr. H. MuhizarMuchtar, M.S.
RahmadsyahRangkuti, M.A., Ph.D.
NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for
the degree of SarjanaSastra from the Department of English, Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on Monday, 19th December 2016
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S.
NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001
Board of examiners
Dr. H. MuhizarMuchtar, M.S.
_____________
RahmadsyahRangkuti, M.A., Ph.D.
_____________
Dr. Martha Pardede, M.S.
_____________
Dra.SwesanaMardiaLubis, M.Hum
_____________
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, YUNI RAHAYU NINGSIH GINTING, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE
AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE
TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL
PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM
A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER
DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS
THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER
DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed
:
Date
: February 09th, 2017
v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: YUNI RAHAYU NINGSIH GINTING
TITLE OF THESIS
: A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF
VIOLENCE
IN
CHARLES
PERRAULT’S
LITTLE
THUMB
QUALIFICATION
: S-1/ SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT
AT
OF
THE
DISCRETION
ENGLISH,
FACULTY
OF
THE
LIBRARIAN
OF
CULTURAL
OF
STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF
THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: February 09th, 2017
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to say thank you ever so much for my God, Allah
SWT who gives me a blessed so that the writer is able to finish the study in English
Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.
Relating to the process of this thesis, I would like to say thank you to my
best Supervisor,Dra. Martha Pardede, M.S. and my Co-Supervisor, Drs. Siamir
Marulafau, M.Hum for their help, correction, time and advice during the process of
completion of this thesis. As well as to Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S., the Dean of
Faculty of Cultural Studies and Dr. H. MuhizarMuchtar, M.S., the Head of English
Department and RahmadsyahRangkuti, MA. Ph.D, the Secretary of English
Department all of lectures for their valuable knowledge, kindness and patience
during my study at English Department.
I would like to say thank you so much for my beloved father in heaven,
Alm. H.Mhd.Jamil Ginting and my the only and one mother, Hj.Endang Rahayu
Tarigan for their patience, unconditional love, and financial support. Because of their
pray, finally i reach my new first step in my life. I also give thank to my siblings,
Rifky Takarullah and Raendra Takarullah. You all have been the best brothers for
me. So, here your sister’s thesis, you know, i did it.
Beside of them, I would like to say special thanks to my best partner in my
life, Dicky Rachmatulloh S.S.T.Pel for his fully love and supports in finishing my
thesis. You really save me in a kind of hard times.
And for the last but not the least, i would like to express bunches of thanks
to my best friends ever, Agnes Aey, Kiki Matondang, Mesrani and Putri Pratiwi.
vii
Thank you so much for the kindness, supports and the nice time having spent
together. I wish all of us be long lasting and success. May Allah always gives His
bless on us. Amin.
The Writer
Yuni Rahayu N Ginting
viii
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled “A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF
VIOLENCE FOR A CHILD IN LITTLE THUMB LEGEND BY CHARLES
PERRAULT” discusses about the act of violence and the causes of violence
contained in the Little Thumb legend was written by Charles Perrault. In this
analyzing, used structural theory.Structuralism literary theory is a theory of
approaching literary texts that emphasize the overall relationship between the various
elements of the text. The method of the study, used qualitative methods. Qualitative
methods explained word or phrase. This method is considered the most suitable for
oral literature like legends. The writer gets the data source by reading the folklore
from internet. Little Thumb is one of legends that contained in book collection
published in 1697 by Charles Perrault. The act of violence that can be found in Little
Thumb legend perfomed by several figures as the woodcutter and his wife, Little
Thumb and the ogre. The types of violence in this legend are physical violence,
emotional violence, verbal abuse and physicological violence. All acts of violence
that occurred in this legend are caused by some various factors such as the
woodcutter and his wife forced to abandon their children in the forest because of
economic problem andthe Ogre who committed the murder because he likes to kill or
eat the children.
Keywords: Little Thumb legend, Structuralism, The act of violence
ix
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul “A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF
VIOLENCE FOR A CHILD IN LITTLE THUMB LEGEND BY CHARLES
PERRAULT” membahas tentang tindak kekerasan dan penyebab kekerasan yang
terdapat dalam dogeng Little Thumb yang dituliskan oleh Charles Perrault. Teori
yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori strukturalisme. Teori strukturalisme
adalah pendekatan teori teks-teks sastra yang menekankan hubungan keseluruhan
antara berbagai elemen teks. Metode yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah
metode kualitatif. Metode kualitatif menjelaskan kata atau frase. Metode ini
dianggap paling cocok untuk sastra lisan seperti legenda. Penulis memperoleh
sumber data dari membaca dongeng di internet. Dogeng Little Thumb adalah salah
satu cerita yang ada di dalam koleksi buku Charles Perrault yang berjudul Tales of
Mother Goose yang terbit pada tahun 1697. Tindak kekerasan yang terdapat dalam
dogeng Little Thumb dilakukan oleh beberapa tokoh seperti si penebang kayu dan
istrinya, Little Thumb dan raksasa. Tindak kekerasan yang ditampilkan dalam
dogeng ini ialah kekerasan fisik, penganiayaan emosional, kekerasan kata-kata dan
kekerasan psikis. Segala tindakan kekerasan yang terjadi dalam dogeng ini
disebabkan oleh faktor yang berbeda-beda seperti si penebang kayu dan istrinya
terpaksa menelantarkan anak-anaknya di hutan karna masalah ekonomi dan seorang
raksasa yang melakukan pembunuhan karna ia suka memakan anak-anak kecil.
Kata kunci: Dogeng Little Thumb, Strukturalisme, Tindak Kekerasaan
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION.................................................................................. v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. x
TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................ 1
1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................. 1
1.2 Problem of the Study ................................................................... 4
1.3 Objective of the Study ................................................................. 5
1.4 Scope of the Study…………………………………………....... 5
1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................................ 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Structural Theory ........................................................................ 6
2.2 Folklore …..………………………………….......................... 10
2.3 Legend………………………………………….................... ... 11
2.4 Theoris of Violence ................................................................... 13
CHAPTER III: METHOD OF RESEARCH ....................................................... 17
3.1 Research Design ...................................................................... 17
3.2 Data Source ............................................................................. 17
3.3 Data Collection ....................................................................... 18
3.4 Data Analysis .......................................................................... 18
xi
CHAPTER IV: A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF VIOLENCE
4.1 Structural Analysis ............................................................................................... 20
4.2 The Causes of the Act of Violence in Little Thumb ............... 34
4.2.1 The Act of Violence in Little Thumb.............................34
4.2.2 The Causes of the Act of Violence in Little Thumb.....41
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ........................................ 43
5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................ 43
5.2 Suggestion .............................................................................. 44
REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 45
xii
PERRAULT’S LITTLE THUMB
A THESIS
BY
YUNI RAHAYU NINGSIH GINTING
REG.NO.110705055
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF VIOLENCE IN CHARLES
PERRAULT’S LITTLE THUMB
A THESIS
BY:
YUNI RAHAYU NINGSIH GINTING
REG. NO. 110705077
SUPERVISOR,
CO-SUPERVISOR,
Dra. Martha Pardede, M.S
Drs. SiamirMarulafau, M.Hum
NIP. 19521229 197903 2 001
NIP. 19580517 198503 1 003
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of SarjanaSastra from
Department of English
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2017
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The SarjanaSastra Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
Dr. H. MuhizarMuchtar, M.S.
RahmadsyahRangkuti, M.A., Ph.D.
NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for
the degree of SarjanaSastra from the Department of English, Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on Monday, 19th December 2016
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S.
NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001
Board of examiners
Dr. H. MuhizarMuchtar, M.S.
_____________
RahmadsyahRangkuti, M.A., Ph.D.
_____________
Dr. Martha Pardede, M.S.
_____________
Dra.SwesanaMardiaLubis, M.Hum
_____________
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, YUNI RAHAYU NINGSIH GINTING, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE
AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE
TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL
PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM
A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER
DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS
THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER
DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed
:
Date
: February 09th, 2017
v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: YUNI RAHAYU NINGSIH GINTING
TITLE OF THESIS
: A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF
VIOLENCE
IN
CHARLES
PERRAULT’S
LITTLE
THUMB
QUALIFICATION
: S-1/ SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT
AT
OF
THE
DISCRETION
ENGLISH,
FACULTY
OF
THE
LIBRARIAN
OF
CULTURAL
OF
STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF
THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed
:
Date
: February 09th, 2017
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to say thank you ever so much for my God, Allah
SWT who gives me a blessed so that the writer is able to finish the study in English
Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.
Relating to the process of this thesis, I would like to say thank you to my
best Supervisor,Dra. Martha Pardede, M.S. and my Co-Supervisor, Drs. Siamir
Marulafau, M.Hum for their help, correction, time and advice during the process of
completion of this thesis. As well as to Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S., the Dean of
Faculty of Cultural Studies and Dr. H. MuhizarMuchtar, M.S., the Head of English
Department and RahmadsyahRangkuti, MA. Ph.D, the Secretary of English
Department all of lectures for their valuable knowledge, kindness and patience
during my study at English Department.
I would like to say thank you so much for my beloved father in heaven,
Alm. H.Mhd.Jamil Ginting and my the only and one mother, Hj.Endang Rahayu
Tarigan for their patience, unconditional love, and financial support. Because of their
pray, finally i reach my new first step in my life. I also give thank to my siblings,
Rifky Takarullah and Raendra Takarullah. You all have been the best brothers for
me. So, here your sister’s thesis, you know, i did it.
Beside of them, I would like to say special thanks to my best partner in my
life, Dicky Rachmatulloh S.S.T.Pel for his fully love and supports in finishing my
thesis. You really save me in a kind of hard times.
And for the last but not the least, i would like to express bunches of thanks
to my best friends ever, Agnes Aey, Kiki Matondang, Mesrani and Putri Pratiwi.
vii
Thank you so much for the kindness, supports and the nice time having spent
together. I wish all of us be long lasting and success. May Allah always gives His
bless on us. Amin.
The Writer
Yuni Rahayu N Ginting
viii
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled “A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF
VIOLENCE FOR A CHILD IN LITTLE THUMB LEGEND BY CHARLES
PERRAULT” discusses about the act of violence and the causes of violence
contained in the Little Thumb legend was written by Charles Perrault. In this
analyzing, used structural theory.Structuralism literary theory is a theory of
approaching literary texts that emphasize the overall relationship between the various
elements of the text. The method of the study, used qualitative methods. Qualitative
methods explained word or phrase. This method is considered the most suitable for
oral literature like legends. The writer gets the data source by reading the folklore
from internet. Little Thumb is one of legends that contained in book collection
published in 1697 by Charles Perrault. The act of violence that can be found in Little
Thumb legend perfomed by several figures as the woodcutter and his wife, Little
Thumb and the ogre. The types of violence in this legend are physical violence,
emotional violence, verbal abuse and physicological violence. All acts of violence
that occurred in this legend are caused by some various factors such as the
woodcutter and his wife forced to abandon their children in the forest because of
economic problem andthe Ogre who committed the murder because he likes to kill or
eat the children.
Keywords: Little Thumb legend, Structuralism, The act of violence
ix
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul “A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF
VIOLENCE FOR A CHILD IN LITTLE THUMB LEGEND BY CHARLES
PERRAULT” membahas tentang tindak kekerasan dan penyebab kekerasan yang
terdapat dalam dogeng Little Thumb yang dituliskan oleh Charles Perrault. Teori
yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori strukturalisme. Teori strukturalisme
adalah pendekatan teori teks-teks sastra yang menekankan hubungan keseluruhan
antara berbagai elemen teks. Metode yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah
metode kualitatif. Metode kualitatif menjelaskan kata atau frase. Metode ini
dianggap paling cocok untuk sastra lisan seperti legenda. Penulis memperoleh
sumber data dari membaca dongeng di internet. Dogeng Little Thumb adalah salah
satu cerita yang ada di dalam koleksi buku Charles Perrault yang berjudul Tales of
Mother Goose yang terbit pada tahun 1697. Tindak kekerasan yang terdapat dalam
dogeng Little Thumb dilakukan oleh beberapa tokoh seperti si penebang kayu dan
istrinya, Little Thumb dan raksasa. Tindak kekerasan yang ditampilkan dalam
dogeng ini ialah kekerasan fisik, penganiayaan emosional, kekerasan kata-kata dan
kekerasan psikis. Segala tindakan kekerasan yang terjadi dalam dogeng ini
disebabkan oleh faktor yang berbeda-beda seperti si penebang kayu dan istrinya
terpaksa menelantarkan anak-anaknya di hutan karna masalah ekonomi dan seorang
raksasa yang melakukan pembunuhan karna ia suka memakan anak-anak kecil.
Kata kunci: Dogeng Little Thumb, Strukturalisme, Tindak Kekerasaan
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION.................................................................................. v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. x
TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................ 1
1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................. 1
1.2 Problem of the Study ................................................................... 4
1.3 Objective of the Study ................................................................. 5
1.4 Scope of the Study…………………………………………....... 5
1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................................ 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Structural Theory ........................................................................ 6
2.2 Folklore …..………………………………….......................... 10
2.3 Legend………………………………………….................... ... 11
2.4 Theoris of Violence ................................................................... 13
CHAPTER III: METHOD OF RESEARCH ....................................................... 17
3.1 Research Design ...................................................................... 17
3.2 Data Source ............................................................................. 17
3.3 Data Collection ....................................................................... 18
3.4 Data Analysis .......................................................................... 18
xi
CHAPTER IV: A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF VIOLENCE
4.1 Structural Analysis ............................................................................................... 20
4.2 The Causes of the Act of Violence in Little Thumb ............... 34
4.2.1 The Act of Violence in Little Thumb.............................34
4.2.2 The Causes of the Act of Violence in Little Thumb.....41
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ........................................ 43
5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................ 43
5.2 Suggestion .............................................................................. 44
REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 45
xii