DAFTAR PUSTAKA Pengaruh Maserasi Bertingkat Ekstrak Etanol Buah Kayu Putih (Melaleuca Leucandendron L) Terhadap Profil Kandungan Senyawa Kimia Dan Aktivitas Antiradikalnya.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abdilbarr, A., 2007. Tanda-Tanda Kekuasaan Allah Dalam Pertanian dalam
Tafsir Karimir Rohman Fi Tafsir Kalamil Manan. 200M / 1420 H.
Abdur Rohman as-Sa’dy. Maktabah Nubala’, (online),
(http://abuabdilbar.wordpress.com/2007/04/20/tanda-tanda kekuasan
alloh subhanahu-wa-ta%E2%80%99ala-dalam pertanian, diakses
tanggal 29 April 2011)
Adnan, M., 1997, Teknik Kromatografi Untuk Analisis Bahan Makanan,
Penerbit Andi, Yogyakarta, hal 63–64, 79
Agusta, A., 2000, Minyak Atsiri Tumbuhan Tropika Indonesia, Penerbit ITB,
Bandung, hal 29–35
Amrun, M.H., Umiyah, Evi, U.U., 2007, Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak
Air dan Ekstrak Metanol beberapa Varian Buah Kenitu
(Chrysophyllum cainito L.) dari Daerah Jember, Berk. Penel. Hayati,
Bagian Biologi Farmasi, Program Studi Farmasi Universitas Jember,
Jember
Andayani, R., Lisawati, W., dan Maimunah, 2008, Penentuan Aktivitas
Antioksidan, Kadar Fenolat Total dan Licopen Pada Buah Tomat
(Solanum lycopersicum L), Jurnal Sains dan Tekhnologi Farmasi,
Volume 13, No.1
Anonima, 1995, Farmakope Indonesia, Edisi IV, Departemen Kesehatan
Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, hal 1197
Anonimb, 2005, Tanaman Obat Indonesia, http://www.iptek.go.id
Anonimc, 2007, RxiTM-1ms: The Ultimate High Performance Fused Silica
Capillary Column, (online), (www.restek.com/rxi, diakses tanggal 26
Juli 2011)
Arif, I., 2011, Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Beberapa Buah Tanaman Obat di
Indonesia (Psidium guajava Linn, Melaleuca leucadendron L, Piper
retrofractum Vahl, Capsicum frutescens L dan Anethum graveolens
L) dengan Metode DPPH Beserta Penetapan Kadar Fenolik Total,
Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,
Surakarta
Arif, S., Yatri, H., Partomuan, S., 2007, Kandungan Antioksidan pada
Beberapa Bagian Tanaman Mahkota Dewa, Phaleria macrocarpa
(Scheff) Boerl. (Thymelaceae), Volume 8, No. 2; 92-95
30
31
Asep, K., 2009, Jurnal Pengajaran Mipa, Eksplorasi Minyak Atsiri Sebagai
Bioaditif Bahan Bakar Solar, Volume 14, No.2; 121-141
Batubara, I., Darusman, L., Mitsunaga, T., Rahminiwati. M., Djauhari,
E.,2010, Potency of Indonesian Medicinal Plants as Tyrosinase
Inhibitor and Antioxidant Agent, Journal of Biological Sciences,
Volume 10, No.2; 138-144
Clark, J., 2007, Kromatografi Gas-Cair, (online), (http://www.chem-istry.org, diakses tanggal 5 April 2011)
Cronquist, A. 1981. An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering
Plants. Newyork: Columbia University Press. P: 477.
Dian, A.,2007, Ekstraksi Komponen Antibakteri Dan Antioksidan Dari Biji
Teratai (Nymphaea Pubescens Willd), Skripsi, Fakultas Teknologi
Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor
Farag, Shalaby, El-Baroty, G.A., 2004, Chemical and Biological Evaluation of
The Essential Oils of Different Melaleuca Species. Phytotherapy
Research, Volume 18, No. 1; 30–35
Foti, M., Daquino, C., Mackie, I., Dilabio,G., & Ingold, K., 2008, Reaction of
Phenols with the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl Radical. Kinetics
and DFT Calculations Applied To Determine ArO-H Bond
Dissociation Enthalpies and Reaction Mechanism, J. Org. Chem
Article, Volume 73, No.23; 9270-9282
Gardner, P.T., White, T.A.C., McPhail, D.B. & Duthie, G.G, 2000, The
relative contribution of vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolics to the
antioxidant potential of fruit juices, Food Chemistry, 68, 471–474
Hariana, A., 2006, Tumbuhan Obat dan Khasiatnya, Seri 2, Penebar Swadaya,
Jakarta, hal 19-20
Harborne, J.B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia: Penentuan Cara Modern
Menganalisis Tumbuhan, ITB, Bandung.
Hartomo, A.J., Purba, A.V., 1986, Penyelidikan Spektrometrik Senyawa
Organik, Edisi keempat, Erlangga, Jakarta in: Yasmien., Riftiani, A.,
Nurhayati, I., 2008, Sintesis Senyawa 5-Keto Kariofilena dari
Kariofilena sebagai Bahan Baku Parfum Melalui Reaksi Hidroborasi
Oksidasi, Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa, Fakultas Matematika dan
Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang
32
Hernani dan Rahardjo, M., 2006, Tanaman Berkhasiat Antioksidan, Penebar
Swadaya, Jakarta, hal 3-51
Hougton, P. J. dan A. Raman. 1998. Laboratory Handbook for The
Fractination of Natural Extracts. Thomson Science, London.
Humairani,R., 2007. Antioksidan Kulit Pisang (Musa paradisiaca) Pada
Minyak Ikan Terhadap Stabilitas Oksidasi Dengan Katalis Panas
Dan Cahaya. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor in : Gunstone, FD.,
1995, Chemical Properties, in : Gunstone, FD., Harwood, SL.,
Padley, FD., editor, The Lipid Handbook, New York: Chapman and
Hal, hal 561-563
Jamilah, Minarti, dan Kardono, L.B.S., 2004, Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Buah
Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl), Prosiding
Seminar Nasional XXV Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, Tawangmangu
Kaluzna, J., and Czaplinska, 2007, GC-MS Analysis of Biologically Active
Compounds in Cosmopolitan Grasses, Acta Chromatographyca,
Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry: Technical University,
Poland, 279-282
Karadeniz, f., Burdurlu, H.S., Koca, N., Soyer, Y., 2005, Antioxidant Activity
of Selected Fruits and Vegetables Grown in Turkey, Turk. J. Agric.
For., 29, 297-303
Langseth, L., 1995, Oxidants, Antioxidans, and Disease Prevention,
International Life Sciences Institutes (ILSI) Europe, Belgium
Lehrle, R.S., Rollinson, M., Dadvand, N., Parsons, I.W., 1999, Mass
Spectrometry Detection Versus Flame Ionization Detection in
Pyrolysis- Gas Chromatography: Spurious Pyrolysis Peaks and
Possible Errors in Estimating Relative Product Yields, ISSN 0113910, Vol.66, No.2; 221-231
Leong LP dan Shui G, 2002. An Investigation of Antioxidant Capacity of
Fruits in Singapore Markets, Food Chemistry 76, 69–75
Leong LP dan Shui GH, 2004, Analysis of Polyphenolics antioxidants in star
fruit using liquid of chromathography and mass spectrometry, J
Chromathograph A, 1022: 67-75
Lohakachornpan, P and Rangsipanuratn, W., 2001, Chemical Compositions
and Antimicrobial Activities of Essensial Oil from Melaleuca
33
leucandendra var.minor, Original Article Thai J.Pharm.Sci, Vol 25
No.3 – 4; 133-139
Mardoni, 2007, Perbandingan Metode Kromatografi Gas dan Berat Jenis pada
Kadar Etanol pada Minuman Anggur, Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi,
Universitas Sanata Dharma, Yogyakarta
Martono, E., 2008, Residu dan Analisis Residu Insektisida, (online),
(http://www.edmart.staff.ugm.ac.id/?satoewarna=index&winoto=bas
e&action=list), diakses tanggal 24 Juli 2011)
Mohd, N., 2010, Percent Composition And Phytochemical Screening Of
Melaleuca Cajuputi Powell Essential Oil, Skripsi, Faculty Of
Applied Sciences Universiti Teknology Mara, Malasyia
Munson, J.W., 1981, Analisis Farmasi Metode Modern, Parwa A, Universitas
Airlangga, Surabaya, hal 22
Munson, J.W., 1991, Analisis Farmasi Metode Modern, Parwa B, Universitas
Airlangga, Surabaya, 130-145
Packer., J. Bertram., & A. Mori., 1995, Oxidative Stress and Aging,
Birkhauser Verlag, Basel Switzerland. pp. 1 –14
Pino, J.A., Regalado, E., Rodríguez , Miguel, D., 2010, Phytochemical
Analysis and in vitro Free-Radical-Scavenging Activities of the
Essential Oils from Leaf and Fruit of Melaleuca leucadendra L ,
Research Article, Volume 7, No. 9, pages 2281–2288
Reynertson, K.A., 2007, Phytochemical Analysis of Bioactive Constituens
from Edible Myrtaceae Fruit, Dissertation, The City University of
New York, New York
Rohman, A., dan Riyanto S., 2004, Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antiradikal
Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.), Laporan Penelitian, UGM,
Yogyakarta
Santos, F., Silva, Campos, A., 2003, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), a monoterpene
oxide attenuates the colonic damage in rats on acute TNBS-colitis,
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S02786915030032
84)
Silalahi, J., 2002. Senyawa polifenol sebagai komponen aktif yang berkhasiat
dalam teh. Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia.52(10); hal 3-4
34
Siswoyo, 1992, Profil kromatografi minyak atsiri kayu putih (Melaleuca
leucadendron L.) dari daun muda, produktif dan gugur, Skripsi,
Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta
Soedibyo, M., 1998, Alam Sumber Kesehatan, Balai Pustaka, Jakarta
Sousa, A. et al., 2008, Effect of solvent and extraction temperatures on the
antioxidant potential of traditional stoned table olives alcaparras,
LWT, 41, hal 739–745
Thomas, A.N.S., 1992, Tanaman Obat Tradisisonal, Kanisius, Yogayakarta,
hal 56-58
Tjitrosoepomo, G., 2002, Taksonomi Tumbuhan (Spermatophyta), Gadjah
Mada University Press, Yogyakarta
Tsuruga, T., Ebizuka, Y., Sankawa, U., 1991, Biologically Active
Constituents of Melaleuca leucadendron ; Inhibitors of Induced
Histamine Release from Rat Mast Cells, Chem Pharm Bull, 39,
3276-3278 in : Bavaresco, L., Fregoni, M., 2002, The Occurrence of
the Stilbene Piceatannol in Grapes,Volume 41, No.3, 133-136
Wang, H., Cao, G. & Prior, R.L. 1996, Total antioxidant capacity of fruits,
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44, 701–705
Abdilbarr, A., 2007. Tanda-Tanda Kekuasaan Allah Dalam Pertanian dalam
Tafsir Karimir Rohman Fi Tafsir Kalamil Manan. 200M / 1420 H.
Abdur Rohman as-Sa’dy. Maktabah Nubala’, (online),
(http://abuabdilbar.wordpress.com/2007/04/20/tanda-tanda kekuasan
alloh subhanahu-wa-ta%E2%80%99ala-dalam pertanian, diakses
tanggal 29 April 2011)
Adnan, M., 1997, Teknik Kromatografi Untuk Analisis Bahan Makanan,
Penerbit Andi, Yogyakarta, hal 63–64, 79
Agusta, A., 2000, Minyak Atsiri Tumbuhan Tropika Indonesia, Penerbit ITB,
Bandung, hal 29–35
Amrun, M.H., Umiyah, Evi, U.U., 2007, Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak
Air dan Ekstrak Metanol beberapa Varian Buah Kenitu
(Chrysophyllum cainito L.) dari Daerah Jember, Berk. Penel. Hayati,
Bagian Biologi Farmasi, Program Studi Farmasi Universitas Jember,
Jember
Andayani, R., Lisawati, W., dan Maimunah, 2008, Penentuan Aktivitas
Antioksidan, Kadar Fenolat Total dan Licopen Pada Buah Tomat
(Solanum lycopersicum L), Jurnal Sains dan Tekhnologi Farmasi,
Volume 13, No.1
Anonima, 1995, Farmakope Indonesia, Edisi IV, Departemen Kesehatan
Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, hal 1197
Anonimb, 2005, Tanaman Obat Indonesia, http://www.iptek.go.id
Anonimc, 2007, RxiTM-1ms: The Ultimate High Performance Fused Silica
Capillary Column, (online), (www.restek.com/rxi, diakses tanggal 26
Juli 2011)
Arif, I., 2011, Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Beberapa Buah Tanaman Obat di
Indonesia (Psidium guajava Linn, Melaleuca leucadendron L, Piper
retrofractum Vahl, Capsicum frutescens L dan Anethum graveolens
L) dengan Metode DPPH Beserta Penetapan Kadar Fenolik Total,
Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,
Surakarta
Arif, S., Yatri, H., Partomuan, S., 2007, Kandungan Antioksidan pada
Beberapa Bagian Tanaman Mahkota Dewa, Phaleria macrocarpa
(Scheff) Boerl. (Thymelaceae), Volume 8, No. 2; 92-95
30
31
Asep, K., 2009, Jurnal Pengajaran Mipa, Eksplorasi Minyak Atsiri Sebagai
Bioaditif Bahan Bakar Solar, Volume 14, No.2; 121-141
Batubara, I., Darusman, L., Mitsunaga, T., Rahminiwati. M., Djauhari,
E.,2010, Potency of Indonesian Medicinal Plants as Tyrosinase
Inhibitor and Antioxidant Agent, Journal of Biological Sciences,
Volume 10, No.2; 138-144
Clark, J., 2007, Kromatografi Gas-Cair, (online), (http://www.chem-istry.org, diakses tanggal 5 April 2011)
Cronquist, A. 1981. An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering
Plants. Newyork: Columbia University Press. P: 477.
Dian, A.,2007, Ekstraksi Komponen Antibakteri Dan Antioksidan Dari Biji
Teratai (Nymphaea Pubescens Willd), Skripsi, Fakultas Teknologi
Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor
Farag, Shalaby, El-Baroty, G.A., 2004, Chemical and Biological Evaluation of
The Essential Oils of Different Melaleuca Species. Phytotherapy
Research, Volume 18, No. 1; 30–35
Foti, M., Daquino, C., Mackie, I., Dilabio,G., & Ingold, K., 2008, Reaction of
Phenols with the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl Radical. Kinetics
and DFT Calculations Applied To Determine ArO-H Bond
Dissociation Enthalpies and Reaction Mechanism, J. Org. Chem
Article, Volume 73, No.23; 9270-9282
Gardner, P.T., White, T.A.C., McPhail, D.B. & Duthie, G.G, 2000, The
relative contribution of vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolics to the
antioxidant potential of fruit juices, Food Chemistry, 68, 471–474
Hariana, A., 2006, Tumbuhan Obat dan Khasiatnya, Seri 2, Penebar Swadaya,
Jakarta, hal 19-20
Harborne, J.B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia: Penentuan Cara Modern
Menganalisis Tumbuhan, ITB, Bandung.
Hartomo, A.J., Purba, A.V., 1986, Penyelidikan Spektrometrik Senyawa
Organik, Edisi keempat, Erlangga, Jakarta in: Yasmien., Riftiani, A.,
Nurhayati, I., 2008, Sintesis Senyawa 5-Keto Kariofilena dari
Kariofilena sebagai Bahan Baku Parfum Melalui Reaksi Hidroborasi
Oksidasi, Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa, Fakultas Matematika dan
Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang
32
Hernani dan Rahardjo, M., 2006, Tanaman Berkhasiat Antioksidan, Penebar
Swadaya, Jakarta, hal 3-51
Hougton, P. J. dan A. Raman. 1998. Laboratory Handbook for The
Fractination of Natural Extracts. Thomson Science, London.
Humairani,R., 2007. Antioksidan Kulit Pisang (Musa paradisiaca) Pada
Minyak Ikan Terhadap Stabilitas Oksidasi Dengan Katalis Panas
Dan Cahaya. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor in : Gunstone, FD.,
1995, Chemical Properties, in : Gunstone, FD., Harwood, SL.,
Padley, FD., editor, The Lipid Handbook, New York: Chapman and
Hal, hal 561-563
Jamilah, Minarti, dan Kardono, L.B.S., 2004, Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Buah
Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl), Prosiding
Seminar Nasional XXV Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, Tawangmangu
Kaluzna, J., and Czaplinska, 2007, GC-MS Analysis of Biologically Active
Compounds in Cosmopolitan Grasses, Acta Chromatographyca,
Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry: Technical University,
Poland, 279-282
Karadeniz, f., Burdurlu, H.S., Koca, N., Soyer, Y., 2005, Antioxidant Activity
of Selected Fruits and Vegetables Grown in Turkey, Turk. J. Agric.
For., 29, 297-303
Langseth, L., 1995, Oxidants, Antioxidans, and Disease Prevention,
International Life Sciences Institutes (ILSI) Europe, Belgium
Lehrle, R.S., Rollinson, M., Dadvand, N., Parsons, I.W., 1999, Mass
Spectrometry Detection Versus Flame Ionization Detection in
Pyrolysis- Gas Chromatography: Spurious Pyrolysis Peaks and
Possible Errors in Estimating Relative Product Yields, ISSN 0113910, Vol.66, No.2; 221-231
Leong LP dan Shui G, 2002. An Investigation of Antioxidant Capacity of
Fruits in Singapore Markets, Food Chemistry 76, 69–75
Leong LP dan Shui GH, 2004, Analysis of Polyphenolics antioxidants in star
fruit using liquid of chromathography and mass spectrometry, J
Chromathograph A, 1022: 67-75
Lohakachornpan, P and Rangsipanuratn, W., 2001, Chemical Compositions
and Antimicrobial Activities of Essensial Oil from Melaleuca
33
leucandendra var.minor, Original Article Thai J.Pharm.Sci, Vol 25
No.3 – 4; 133-139
Mardoni, 2007, Perbandingan Metode Kromatografi Gas dan Berat Jenis pada
Kadar Etanol pada Minuman Anggur, Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi,
Universitas Sanata Dharma, Yogyakarta
Martono, E., 2008, Residu dan Analisis Residu Insektisida, (online),
(http://www.edmart.staff.ugm.ac.id/?satoewarna=index&winoto=bas
e&action=list), diakses tanggal 24 Juli 2011)
Mohd, N., 2010, Percent Composition And Phytochemical Screening Of
Melaleuca Cajuputi Powell Essential Oil, Skripsi, Faculty Of
Applied Sciences Universiti Teknology Mara, Malasyia
Munson, J.W., 1981, Analisis Farmasi Metode Modern, Parwa A, Universitas
Airlangga, Surabaya, hal 22
Munson, J.W., 1991, Analisis Farmasi Metode Modern, Parwa B, Universitas
Airlangga, Surabaya, 130-145
Packer., J. Bertram., & A. Mori., 1995, Oxidative Stress and Aging,
Birkhauser Verlag, Basel Switzerland. pp. 1 –14
Pino, J.A., Regalado, E., Rodríguez , Miguel, D., 2010, Phytochemical
Analysis and in vitro Free-Radical-Scavenging Activities of the
Essential Oils from Leaf and Fruit of Melaleuca leucadendra L ,
Research Article, Volume 7, No. 9, pages 2281–2288
Reynertson, K.A., 2007, Phytochemical Analysis of Bioactive Constituens
from Edible Myrtaceae Fruit, Dissertation, The City University of
New York, New York
Rohman, A., dan Riyanto S., 2004, Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antiradikal
Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.), Laporan Penelitian, UGM,
Yogyakarta
Santos, F., Silva, Campos, A., 2003, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), a monoterpene
oxide attenuates the colonic damage in rats on acute TNBS-colitis,
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S02786915030032
84)
Silalahi, J., 2002. Senyawa polifenol sebagai komponen aktif yang berkhasiat
dalam teh. Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia.52(10); hal 3-4
34
Siswoyo, 1992, Profil kromatografi minyak atsiri kayu putih (Melaleuca
leucadendron L.) dari daun muda, produktif dan gugur, Skripsi,
Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta
Soedibyo, M., 1998, Alam Sumber Kesehatan, Balai Pustaka, Jakarta
Sousa, A. et al., 2008, Effect of solvent and extraction temperatures on the
antioxidant potential of traditional stoned table olives alcaparras,
LWT, 41, hal 739–745
Thomas, A.N.S., 1992, Tanaman Obat Tradisisonal, Kanisius, Yogayakarta,
hal 56-58
Tjitrosoepomo, G., 2002, Taksonomi Tumbuhan (Spermatophyta), Gadjah
Mada University Press, Yogyakarta
Tsuruga, T., Ebizuka, Y., Sankawa, U., 1991, Biologically Active
Constituents of Melaleuca leucadendron ; Inhibitors of Induced
Histamine Release from Rat Mast Cells, Chem Pharm Bull, 39,
3276-3278 in : Bavaresco, L., Fregoni, M., 2002, The Occurrence of
the Stilbene Piceatannol in Grapes,Volume 41, No.3, 133-136
Wang, H., Cao, G. & Prior, R.L. 1996, Total antioxidant capacity of fruits,
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44, 701–705