THE ANALYSIS OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN DELIVERING COMMAND OPERATING IN THE STORY OF âFIVE ON A TREASURE ISLANDâ BY ENID BLYTON (A Pragmatics Approach).
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THE ANALYSIS OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES
IN DELIVERING COMMAND OPERATING IN THE STORY OF
“FIVE ON A TREASURE ISLAND” BY ENID BLYTON
(A Pragmatics Approach)
THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Sarjana Sastra Degree at the English Department
Faculty of Cultural Sciences
Sebelas Maret University
By:
DYAH SHINTA SULISTYANINGRUM
C0310019
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
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2015
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PRONOUNCEMENT
Name
: Dyah Shinta Sulistyaningrum
NIM
: C0310019
I stated that the thesis entitled The Analysis of Politeness Strategies
in Delivering Command Operating in the story of “Five On A Treasure Island”
by Enid Blyton (A Pragmatics Approach) is not a plagiarism of other’s piece of
works. The things related to the other people’s work are written in the
quotation and included within bibliography.
If it is the proven that this pronouncement is incorrect, I am ready
to take the responsibility.
Surakarta,
April 2015
Dyah Shinta Sulistyaningrum
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iv
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MOTTOS
Success is going from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm –
Winston Churchill
You’ve got to be in it to win it -David Fuentes-
Always do what you’re afraid to do –E. Lockhart-
Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change
what is in themselves (QS. Ar-Ra’d: 11)
And be patient, for indeed, Allah does not allow to be lost the reward of
those who do good (QS. Hud: 115)
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DEDICATION
This Thesis is dedicated to:
My beloved parents: Santoso and Sri Rahayu
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vi
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praises are addressed just to Allah SWT who blesses and gives
me strenght and guidance. So that, I can finish this thesis as a partial fulfillment
of requirement for the Sarjana Sastra Degree at English Department, Sebelas
Maret University. I realize that the process of writing this thesis is long and
arduous and it is certainly not done singlehandedly. I would not finish this
thesis without a lot of helps, encouragements, and supports from many people.
Therefore, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all people who give
their helps, encouragements, and supports as follows:
1. The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Sciences Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D,
thank you for approving this thesis.
2. The Head of English Department Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A, Ph.D who
has approved this thesis.
3. My thesis consultant, Drs. S. Budi Waskito, M.Pd. I am extremely grateful
for your assistance and suggestions during the process of writing this thesis.
4. My academic consultant, Agus Dwi Priyanto, S.S., M.CALL. Thank you for
your assistance and approval.
5. All the lecturers in English Department. Thank you for the knowledge you
have shared.
6. Thank you for my beloved parents, Santoso and Sri Rahayu who always
support and remind me to finish this thesis. You are always around me when
I needed. Thank you for your unconditionall love. I am so sorry for making
commit to user
you to wait this moment for a long time. I am really lucky to have you.
vii
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
7. My sisters, Novi Juwitasari, S.E. and Nabila Ayuningtyas, thanks for
cheering me with jokes so that I enjoy finishing this thesis.
8. My beloved would-be husband, Galang Pradipta, thank you for your love
and support. And also thank you for checking my grammatical mistakes
during writing this thesis. You are extraordinary person and I love you.
9. Dwijo Sarsito’s family, thank you for your attention and support. I feel like I
got my second family.
10.My best friends “Genk Cabe”, Culayla, Martha, Annisa, Isidora, and
Kurnia. Thank you for the togetherness, the joy, and the sadness we have
shared.
11.All of linguistics’s students of ED’10, thank you for sharing knowledge.
12.All of students of English Department 2010, thank you for the togetherness.
I will miss you all.
13.All people who give me supports and helps.
Surakarta, April 2015
Dyah Shinta Sulistyaningrum
commit to user
viii
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE.......................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL OF THE THESIS CONSULTANT...................................... ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS................................. iii
PRONOUNCEMENT................................................................................ iv
MOTTO....................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION............................................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT............................................................................ vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................. ix
ABSTRACT................................................................................................. xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Research Background............................................................................. 1
B. Problem Statements............................................................................... 3
C. Research Objectives............................................................................... 3
D. Problem Limitation................................................................................. 3
E. Research Benefits................................................................................... 4
F. Thesis Organization................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Pragmatics.............................................................................................. 6
B. Context................................................................................................... 7
C. Speech Acts............................................................................................ 9
1. The Definition of Speech Act............................................................ 9
2. Direct and Indirect Speech Act........................................................ 11
3. The Classification of Speech Act...................................................... 13
D. Directives............................................................................................... 16
1. The Definition of Directives..............................................................
16
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2. The Classification of Directives........................................................
ix
18
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E. Command............................................................................................
19
F. Politeness.............................................................................................
20
G. Synopsis of the Story........................................................................... 26
H. Review of Related Study..................................................................... 29
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Type of Research.................................................................................. 32
B. Data and Data Source........................................................................... 32
C. Sampling............................................................................................... 33
D. Technique of Data Collection............................................................... 34
E. Data Coding.......................................................................................... 34
F. Technique of Analyzing Data............................................................... 36
CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
A. Introduction.......................................................................................... 37
B. Findings................................................................................................ 38
C. Discussions........................................................................................... 131
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusions.......................................................................................... 134
B. Suggestions.......................................................................................... 142
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
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ABSTRACT
Dyah Shinta Sulistyaningrum. 2015. The Analysis of Politeness Strategies
in Delivering Command Operating in the Story of “Five On A Treasure
Island” by Enid Blyton (A Pragmatics Approach). Thesis: English
Department Program. Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret
University.
This research focuses on the analysis of politeness strategies in
delivering command which operates in the story entitled Five On A Treasure
Island. This research is aimed to find out the ways of the politeness strategies
uttered in delivering command, to show the context of situation when those
strategies are employed, and to examine the factors which influence the
characters to choose the strategies.
This research belongs to descriptive qualitative method which uses
criterion-based sampling or purposive sampling. The data of this research are
taken from the conversation in the story. It can be words or sentences which
belong to command speech act.
Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded as follows: First, there
are four types of politeness strategies which are employed by the characters in
the story to deliver command. They are Bald-on Record Strategy (55.56 %),
Positive Politeness Strategy (34.72 %), Negative Politeness Strategy (6.94 %),
and Off-Record Strategy (2.78 %). Second, the context of situations found in
the story when the politeness strategies are employed belong to informal
situation. It is because the data source of this research is a children’s story.
Third, there are three main factors which influence the characters in the story to
choose politeness strategy to deliver command. The factors are power,
distance, and size of imposition. Bald-on record is mostly used when the
speaker has a power upon the hearer and there is a close relationship between
the speaker and the hearer. Positive Politeness is mostly used when there is a
close relationship between the speaker and the hearer. Negative politeness is
mostly used when there is a distance between the speaker and the hearer so that
the speaker tries to minimize the size of imposition. However, Off-record is
used when there is a distance between the speaker and the hearer.
Keywords: pragmatics, politeness strategy, command.
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THE ANALYSIS OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES
IN DELIVERING COMMAND OPERATING IN THE STORY OF
“FIVE ON A TREASURE ISLAND” BY ENID BLYTON
(A Pragmatics Approach)
THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Sarjana Sastra Degree at the English Department
Faculty of Cultural Sciences
Sebelas Maret University
By:
DYAH SHINTA SULISTYANINGRUM
C0310019
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
commit to user
2015
i
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
ii
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
iii
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
PRONOUNCEMENT
Name
: Dyah Shinta Sulistyaningrum
NIM
: C0310019
I stated that the thesis entitled The Analysis of Politeness Strategies
in Delivering Command Operating in the story of “Five On A Treasure Island”
by Enid Blyton (A Pragmatics Approach) is not a plagiarism of other’s piece of
works. The things related to the other people’s work are written in the
quotation and included within bibliography.
If it is the proven that this pronouncement is incorrect, I am ready
to take the responsibility.
Surakarta,
April 2015
Dyah Shinta Sulistyaningrum
commit to user
iv
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
MOTTOS
Success is going from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm –
Winston Churchill
You’ve got to be in it to win it -David Fuentes-
Always do what you’re afraid to do –E. Lockhart-
Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change
what is in themselves (QS. Ar-Ra’d: 11)
And be patient, for indeed, Allah does not allow to be lost the reward of
those who do good (QS. Hud: 115)
commit to user
v
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
DEDICATION
This Thesis is dedicated to:
My beloved parents: Santoso and Sri Rahayu
commit to user
vi
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praises are addressed just to Allah SWT who blesses and gives
me strenght and guidance. So that, I can finish this thesis as a partial fulfillment
of requirement for the Sarjana Sastra Degree at English Department, Sebelas
Maret University. I realize that the process of writing this thesis is long and
arduous and it is certainly not done singlehandedly. I would not finish this
thesis without a lot of helps, encouragements, and supports from many people.
Therefore, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all people who give
their helps, encouragements, and supports as follows:
1. The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Sciences Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D,
thank you for approving this thesis.
2. The Head of English Department Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A, Ph.D who
has approved this thesis.
3. My thesis consultant, Drs. S. Budi Waskito, M.Pd. I am extremely grateful
for your assistance and suggestions during the process of writing this thesis.
4. My academic consultant, Agus Dwi Priyanto, S.S., M.CALL. Thank you for
your assistance and approval.
5. All the lecturers in English Department. Thank you for the knowledge you
have shared.
6. Thank you for my beloved parents, Santoso and Sri Rahayu who always
support and remind me to finish this thesis. You are always around me when
I needed. Thank you for your unconditionall love. I am so sorry for making
commit to user
you to wait this moment for a long time. I am really lucky to have you.
vii
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
7. My sisters, Novi Juwitasari, S.E. and Nabila Ayuningtyas, thanks for
cheering me with jokes so that I enjoy finishing this thesis.
8. My beloved would-be husband, Galang Pradipta, thank you for your love
and support. And also thank you for checking my grammatical mistakes
during writing this thesis. You are extraordinary person and I love you.
9. Dwijo Sarsito’s family, thank you for your attention and support. I feel like I
got my second family.
10.My best friends “Genk Cabe”, Culayla, Martha, Annisa, Isidora, and
Kurnia. Thank you for the togetherness, the joy, and the sadness we have
shared.
11.All of linguistics’s students of ED’10, thank you for sharing knowledge.
12.All of students of English Department 2010, thank you for the togetherness.
I will miss you all.
13.All people who give me supports and helps.
Surakarta, April 2015
Dyah Shinta Sulistyaningrum
commit to user
viii
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE.......................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL OF THE THESIS CONSULTANT...................................... ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS................................. iii
PRONOUNCEMENT................................................................................ iv
MOTTO....................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION............................................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT............................................................................ vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................. ix
ABSTRACT................................................................................................. xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Research Background............................................................................. 1
B. Problem Statements............................................................................... 3
C. Research Objectives............................................................................... 3
D. Problem Limitation................................................................................. 3
E. Research Benefits................................................................................... 4
F. Thesis Organization................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Pragmatics.............................................................................................. 6
B. Context................................................................................................... 7
C. Speech Acts............................................................................................ 9
1. The Definition of Speech Act............................................................ 9
2. Direct and Indirect Speech Act........................................................ 11
3. The Classification of Speech Act...................................................... 13
D. Directives............................................................................................... 16
1. The Definition of Directives..............................................................
16
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2. The Classification of Directives........................................................
ix
18
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E. Command............................................................................................
19
F. Politeness.............................................................................................
20
G. Synopsis of the Story........................................................................... 26
H. Review of Related Study..................................................................... 29
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Type of Research.................................................................................. 32
B. Data and Data Source........................................................................... 32
C. Sampling............................................................................................... 33
D. Technique of Data Collection............................................................... 34
E. Data Coding.......................................................................................... 34
F. Technique of Analyzing Data............................................................... 36
CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
A. Introduction.......................................................................................... 37
B. Findings................................................................................................ 38
C. Discussions........................................................................................... 131
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusions.......................................................................................... 134
B. Suggestions.......................................................................................... 142
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
commit to user
x
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Dyah Shinta Sulistyaningrum. 2015. The Analysis of Politeness Strategies
in Delivering Command Operating in the Story of “Five On A Treasure
Island” by Enid Blyton (A Pragmatics Approach). Thesis: English
Department Program. Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret
University.
This research focuses on the analysis of politeness strategies in
delivering command which operates in the story entitled Five On A Treasure
Island. This research is aimed to find out the ways of the politeness strategies
uttered in delivering command, to show the context of situation when those
strategies are employed, and to examine the factors which influence the
characters to choose the strategies.
This research belongs to descriptive qualitative method which uses
criterion-based sampling or purposive sampling. The data of this research are
taken from the conversation in the story. It can be words or sentences which
belong to command speech act.
Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded as follows: First, there
are four types of politeness strategies which are employed by the characters in
the story to deliver command. They are Bald-on Record Strategy (55.56 %),
Positive Politeness Strategy (34.72 %), Negative Politeness Strategy (6.94 %),
and Off-Record Strategy (2.78 %). Second, the context of situations found in
the story when the politeness strategies are employed belong to informal
situation. It is because the data source of this research is a children’s story.
Third, there are three main factors which influence the characters in the story to
choose politeness strategy to deliver command. The factors are power,
distance, and size of imposition. Bald-on record is mostly used when the
speaker has a power upon the hearer and there is a close relationship between
the speaker and the hearer. Positive Politeness is mostly used when there is a
close relationship between the speaker and the hearer. Negative politeness is
mostly used when there is a distance between the speaker and the hearer so that
the speaker tries to minimize the size of imposition. However, Off-record is
used when there is a distance between the speaker and the hearer.
Keywords: pragmatics, politeness strategy, command.
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xi