LPG Aman Puasa pun Nyaman.

o

o CBA

S e n in

0

2

6
21

5

20

o

o


S e la s a

M ar



Rabu

7
22

8
23

o

Jum at

o


S a b tu

M in g g u

16
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12
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9
31
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25

O Jul

O Jun

O M ei

O Apr

o

K a m is



O Nov

O O kt

O Sep


Ags

amadan .....

a
A D A b u la n R a m a d a n

in i,

s e p e rti p e n ta n a
CS+·

a d a la h k a u m ib u . S e la in h a m s

P ro p a n a d a n b u ta n a d in ila i c u k u p e fe k tif
d ig u n a k a n s e b a g a i b a h a n b a k a r u n tu k

m e n y ia p k a n

h id a n g a n


u n tu k

b e rb u k a p u a s a , m e re k a ju g a
h a ru s b a n g u n s a a t d in i h a ri
u n tu k m e n y ia p k a n h id a n g a n s a h u r.
T e rk a d a n g

a ta u b ia s a d itu lis g o lo n g a n

y a n g p a lin g s ib u k te n tu n y a

s a a t m e n y ia p k a n

h id a n g a n

s a h u r, k a re n a m a s ih m e n g a n tu k

ru m a h ta n g g a d a n in d u s tri, k a re n a s e la in
k e te rs e d ia a n n y a c u k u p b a n y a k , ju g a a p i b iru

y a n g d ih a s ilk a n n y a

a ta u te rg e -

b e rsu h u

1 .0 0 0 o C

y a k n i d i a ta s

c u k u p tin g g i

s e b in g g a p ro s e s

s a -g e s a m e n g e ja r w a k tu im s a k y a n g s u d a h

m e m a s a k b is a le b ih c e p a t d a n le b ih e fis ie n .
S e la in itu , p e m b a k a ra n n y a p u n tid a k m e n g -

d e k a t, b e b e ra p a


h a s ilk a n re s id u fje la g a

d a ri k a u m ib u ja d i b e rtin -

d a k c e ro b o h .

.

J ik a k e c e ro b o h a n

(b a c a a rtik e l : M e m a -

h a rn i A p i B iru ).

te rs e b u t m e n y a n g k u t

G a s-g a s k o m p o n e n

L P G te rs e b u t d ip e r-


o le h d a la m b e n tu k g a s . U n tu k m e m u d a h k a n

k o m p o r g a s , te n tu b is a m e n im b u lk a n

ba-

h a y a s e p e rti y a n g s e rin g d ib e rita k a n

b e rb a -

g a i m e d ia m e n g e n a i k e c e la k a a n y a n g te Ija d i

p e n d is trib u s ia n n y a ,

m a k a c a m p u ra n

g a s-g a s

te rs e b u t d iu b a h b e n tu k n y a


m e n ja d i c a ir,

k a re n a L P G . U n tu k itu , d e m i k e n y a m a n a n

B e rd a sa rk a n

d ik e n a l

ib a d a h p u a s a , L P G y a n g m e n ja d i " s a h a b a t"

m acam

k a u m ib u p e rlu d ik e n a li a g a r b is a d is ia s a ti

LP G

k e a rn a n a n n y a .

L P G y a n g d ic a irk a n d e n g a n c a ra m e n a rn b a h k a n te k a n a n d a n m e n u ru n k a n s u h u n y a ,


L P G (liq u id p e tr o le u m

gas

= g a s m in y a k

p e n c a ira n n y a ,

2

L P G y a itu L P G r e fr i g e r a t e d

p r e s s u r ize d .

LP G

p r e s s u r ize d

dan

a d a la h

b u m i y a n g d ic a irk a n ) a d a la h g a s y a n g d ip e r-

k e m u d ia n

o le h d a ri k ila n g -k ila n g m in y a k b u m i a ta u k i-

b e rte k a n a n .

la n g -k ila n g g a s a la rn . P a d a p ro s e s p e m is a -

n a k a n u n tu k ru m a h ta n g g a d a n in d u s tri. S e -

d im a s u k k a n

k e d a la rn ta b u n g

L P G je n is in ila h y a n g k in i d ig u -

h a n m in y a k b u m i d a la rn k ila n g fra k s io n a s i,

m e n ta ra

g a s-g a s k o m p o n e n

y a n g d ic a irk a n d e n g a n c a ra d id in g in k a n

L P G in i m e n e m p a ti

fra k -

itu , L P G r e fr i g e r a t e d

s i p a lin g a ta s (lih a t g a rn b a r). G a s y a n g m e n -

(titik c a ir p ro p a n a

ja d i k o m p o n e n

ta n a - o .s ?

L P G in i a d a la h c a m p u ra n

a n t a r a g a s p r o p a n a (C3H8), b u t a n a
d a n b e b e ra p a s e n y a w a h id ro k a rb o n

((4HlO)
C C -H )

la in n y a y a n g le b ih b e ra t m a s s a je n is n y a

a d a la h L P G

-4 2 0 C d a n titik c a ir b u -

C ). L P G je n is in i u m u m n y a

d ig u -

n a k a n u n tu k p e n d is trib u s ia n s e c a ra b e s a rb e s a ra n (rn is a ln y a p e n g irim a n L P G a n ta rn e g a ra ). D ib u tu h k a n

ta n g k i p e n y im p a n a n

k h u s u s y a n g h a m s d id in g in k a n

agar L PG

te rs e b u t te ta p d a p a t b e rb e n tu k

c a ir.

V o lu m e L P G d a la rn b e n tu k c a ir, a k a n
le b ih k e c il d ib a n d in g k a n

d e rig a n d a la rn b e n -

tu k g a s u n tu k b e ra t y a n g s a m a . O le h k a re n a
itu , L P G d ip a s a rk a n
y a n g d ig u n a k a n
p e n g is ia n n y a

d a la rn b e n tu k c a ir. L P G

u n tu k ru m a h ta n g g a , d a la rn

k e d a la rn ta b u n g s e n g a ja tid a k

d iis i p e n u h , h a n y a s e k ita r

80%

d a ri is i

ta b u n g . R u a n g s is a n y a d is e d ia k a n

u n tu k te r-

ja d in y a e k s p a n s i d a ri c a ir k e g a s s a a t L P G

fMirwat< mentah

d ig u n a k a n .
P a d a m u la n y a L P G in i m e ru p a k a n

gas

y a n g tid a k b e rb a u , tid a k b e ra s a , tid a k
b e rw a rn a , d a n tid a k b e ra c u n . N a rn u n s ifa tn y a y a n g tid a k m u d a h te rd e te k s i in i ju s tru
b e rb a h a y a jik a te rja d i k e b o c o ra n g a s , s e p e rti
yang pem ah

te rja d i d i s e k o la h N e w L o n d o n

T e x a s p a d a ta b u n
m em akan

1937. L edakan yang

b a n y a k k o rb a n te rs e b u t d is e -

b a b k a n k a re n a k e b o c o ra n

L P G y a n g m e ru -

p a k a n s u m b e r a p i te rb u k a tid a k te rd e te k s i

K lip in g

H um as

(ln p a d

2011

O D es,

s e h in g g a 1 0 n c a ta n a p i a ta u
a r u s e le k tr ik
s e d ik it s a ja b is a
m e n ja d i p e m ic u
tim b u ln y a
le d a k a n d is e r ta i
a p i.
S e ja k p e r is tiw a
itu , m a k a p a r a
d is tr ib u to r L P G
m u la i m e n a m bahkan senyaw a
m e r k a p ta n y a n g
d a p a t la r u t d a la m
L P G . M e r k a p ta n
in i m e r u p a k a n
s e n y a w a o r g a n ik
y a n g m e m ilik i
b a u ta ja m . S e la n ju tn y a b a u
m e r k a p ta n in i
le b ih d ik e n a l s e b a g a i " b a u g a s " s e h in g g a k e b o c o ra n g a s d a p a t
te r id e n tif ik a s i d a r i b a u
m e r k a p ta n in i.
K a r e n a k o m p o s is i
m in y a k b u m i m e r u p a k a n

cam -

p u ra n d a ri b e b e ra p a se n y a w a
h id r o k a r b o n , m a k a f r a k s i g a s u n tu k
L P G p u n m e ru p a k a n c a m p u ra n d a ri
p r o p a n a , b u ta n a , d a n C g + d e n g a n p e r b a n d in g a n k o m p o s is i y a n g b e r b e d a - b e d a
d a r i s a tu k ila n g d e n g a n k ila n g y a n g la in n y a .
P a d a p r o d u k L P G y a n g d ik e lu a r k a n o le h
P e r ta r n in a d e n g a n m e r e k d a g a n g E lp iji, s p e s if ik a s in y a d is e s u a ik a n d e n g a n
a tu r a n y a n g
d ik e lu a r k a n o le h D ir e k to r a t J e n d e r a l
M in y a k d a n G a s B u m i N o m o r 2 6 5 2 5 .k /1 O /D J M .T /2 0 0 9 , b a h w a k o m p o s is i p r o d u k
L P G m in im a l m e n g a n d u n g c a m p u r a n
p r o p a n a d a n b u ta n e s e b e s a r 9 7 p e r s e n d a n
m a k s im u m 2 p e r s e n m e r u p a k a n c a m p u r a n
C 5 + . B a ta s a n k o m p o s is i p r o p a n a d a n b u ta n a
d a la m s p e s if ik a s i te r s e b u t d ib a ta s i d e n g a n
'p a r a m e te r m a k s im u m te k a n a n u a p n y a y a itu
1 4 5 p s i ( 1 0 ,2 k g /c m z ) p a d a s u h u 1 0 0 0 F
( 3 7 ,~ C ) . P a d a k o n d is i te r s e b u t, p e r b a n d in g a n p r o p a n a d a n b u ta n a a d a la h 8 0 :2 0 .
K a r e n a m a k in b a n y a k p r o p a n a , te k a n a n n y a
a k a n m a k in b e s a r s e h in g g a s p e s if ik a s i in i
m e n s y a r a tk a n k a d a r v o lu m e r o a n a d a la m

ta b u n g L P G tid a k b o le h m e la m p a u i 8 0
p e r s e n , a ta u L P G y a n g b e r e d a r d i I n d o n e s ia
h a r u s m e m ilik i k a d a r v o lu m e b u ta n a p a lin g
s e d ik it 2 0 p e r s e n .
.
H a l in i b e r k a ita n d e n g a n ik lim I n d o n e s ia
y a n g tr o p is , J ik a ta b u n g b e r is i 1 0 0 p e r s e n
p r o p a n a , s u h u tr o p is I n d o n e s ia a k a n m e m u d a h k a n p r o p a n a y a n g m e m ilik i te k a n a n
le b ih tin g g i d a r i b u ta n a c e p a t m e m u a i, y a n g
b is a m e n im b u lk a n le d a k a n . N a m u n jik a te r d ir i a ta s b u ta n a 1 0 0 p e r s e n , te k a n a n b u ta n a
y a n g r e n d a h a k a n m e n y u litk a n p r o s e s p e m b a k a r a n ju g a a p i y a n g d itim b u lk a n n y a tid a k
s e b ir u p r o p a n a ( b ir u k e m e r a h a n ) . A k ib a tn y a
p r o s e s m e m a s a k ja d i tid a k e f is ie n . N a m u n
la in h a ln y a d e n g a n n e g a r a - n e g a r a b e r ik lim
d in g in , k o m p o s is i L P G - n y a a k a n le b ih
b a n y a k p r o p a n a k a r e n a p a d a ik lim d in g in
b u ta n a tid a k a k a n m e n y a la , te ta p i p r o p a n a
m a s ih b is a m e n y a la s a m p a i s u h u - 3 0 0 C .
T e k a n a n L P G b e r g a n tu n g p a d a d u a h a l,

p e r ta m a k o m p o s is i a n ta r a
ro p a n a d a n b u ta n a , y a n g k e d u a f a k to r s u h u lin g k u n g a n .
T e k a n a n g a s in i a k a n d a p a t d ia m a ti p a d a
m e te r a n p e n g u k u r te k a n
y a n g b ia s a a d a
m e n e m p e l p a d a r e g u la to r g a s . S e m a k in
b a n y a k k a n d u n g a n p r o p a n a n y a , s e m a k in
tin g g i te k a n a n n y a . S e m a k in p a n a s s u h u d i
s e k ita r ta b u n g , s e m a k in tin g g i p u la te k a n a n nya.
J a d i p a d a s a a t c u a c a p a n a s , ja r n m m e te r a n te r s e b u t a k a n b e r g e r a k k e k a n a n ( s e o la h o la h is i ta b u n g b e r ta m b a h ) . S e b a lik n y a , p a d a c u a c a d in g in ja r u m p e u n ju k a k a n b e r g e r a k k e k ir i ( s e o la h - o la h is i ta b u n g b e r k u r a n g ) . U n tu k itu , ja n g a n te r k e c o h d e n g a n
m e te r a n p e n u n ju k te k a n a ,k a r e n a te k a n a n
tid a k m e n u n ju k k a n is i ta u n g . U n tu k
m e n g e ta h u i is i ta b u n g , ti ib a n g la h ta b u n g
te r s e b u t.

Y. ZakiahA.,

alumnus FMIPA Unpad.