GENERAL PURPOSE SINGLE BIPOLAR TIMERS

  NE555 

  SA555 - SE555 GENERAL PURPOSE SINGLE BIPOLAR TIMERS LOW TURN OFF TIME . MAXIMUM OPERATING FREQUENCY .

  GREATER THAN 500kHz TIMING FROM MICROSECONDS TO HOURS .

  OPERATES

  IN BOTH ASTABLE AND . MONOSTABLE MODES HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT CAN SOURCE OR . SINK 200mA ADJUSTABLE DUTY CYCLE

  .

  PER C N D DESCRIPTION

  TTL COMPATIBLE . TEMPERATURE STABILITY OF 0.005% . o

DIP8 SO8

  (Plastic Package) (Plastic Micropackage)

  The NE555 monolithic timing circuit is a highly stable controller capableof producing accuratetime delays or oscillation. In the time delay mode of operation, the time is precisely controlled by one external re- sistor and capacitor.For a stableoperation as an os- cillator, the free running frequency and the duty cy-

ORDER CODES

  cle are both accurately controlled with two external resistors and one capacitor. The circuit may be trig- Package Part Temperature Number Range gered and reset on falling waveforms, and the out-

  N D o o put structure can source or sink up to 200mA. The

  NE555

  C, 70 C

  NE555 is available in plastic and ceramic minidip o o

  SA555 –40

  C, 105 C

  package and in a 8-lead micropackage and in metal o o

  SE555 –55

  C, 125 C

• can package version.

  PIN CONNECTIONS (top view)

  1 8 1 - GND

  2 - Trigger 3 - Output

  2

  7

  4 - Reset 5 - Control voltage 6 - Threshold

  3

  6

  7 - Discharge 8 - V CC

  4

  5

NE555/SA555/SE555 BLOCK DIAGRAM

• V CC _{5k COMP}

  Ω _{CONTROL VOLTAGE THRESHOLD FLIP-FLOP R} DISCHARGE _{5k Ω COMP} Q _TRIGGER OUT S

  INHIBIT/ _5k RESET _RESET Ω _S S - 808 6

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

  _{V COMPARATOR THRES HOLD CONTROL VOLTAGE 5 OUTPUT} C C _{R1 R2 R3 4.7k 830 4.7k 1k 5k} R 4 R8 R1 2 Ω Ω Ω Ω Ω 6.8k _{Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q19 Q20 Q22} Ω _{Q21 3.9k} Ρ13 _{5k R11} Ω Ω _{D1 3 THRES HOLD Q1 Q4 4.7k} R17 _Q3 Ω _{Q23 Q2 R 9 D2 220 Ω} R 14 _{TRIGGER 2 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13}

5k Ω

_{Q24 Q16 Q18} R 16 R15 100 Ω 4.7k _{DISC HARGE RES ET Q15 7 4 R5 R6 R7 Q17} Ω _{Q14 10k 100k 100k} R 10 _{G N D 1} Ω Ω Ω 5k Ω _{TRIGGER COMPARATOR F LIP F LOP}

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

  

Symbol Parameter Value Unit

  V Supply Voltage

  18 V

  cc o

  T Operating Free Air Temperature Range for NE555 0 to 70 C

  oper

  for SA555 –40 to 105 for SE555 –55 to 125

  o

  T Junction Temperature 150 C

  j o

  T Storage Temperature Range

• –65 to 150 C

  stg

  NE555/SA555/SE555 OPERATING CONDITIONS Symbol Parameter SE555 NE555 - SA555 Unit

  V Supply Voltage 4.5 to 18 4.5 to 18

  V CC V th , V trig , V cl , V reset Maximum Input Voltage

  V CC

  V CC

  V ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

  o amb CC T = +25

C, V = +5V to +15V (unless otherwise specified)

  SE555 NE555 - SA555 Symbol Parameter Unit Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

  I Supply Current (R ) (- note 1) mA

  CC L ∞

  Low State V = +5V

  3

  5

  3

  6 CC V = +15V

  10

  12

  10

  15 CC High State

  V CC = 5V

  2

  2 Timing Error (monostable) (R A = 2k to 100k , C = 0.1

  F)

  Ω µ

  Initial Accuracy - (note 2)

  0.5

  2

  1 3 % Drift with Temperature 30 100 50 ppm/ C

  °

  Drift with Supply Voltage

  0.05

  0.2

  0.1 0.5 %/V Timing Error (astable) (R , R = 1k to 100k , C = 0.1

  F,

  A B Ω Ω µ

  V CC = +15V) Initial Accuracy - (note 2)

  1.5 2.25 % Drift with Temperature 90 150 ppm/ C

  °

  Drift with Supply Voltage

  0.15 0.3 %/V Control Voltage level

  V V CL V = +15V

  9.6

  10

  10.4

  9

  10

  11 CC

  V CC = +5V

  2.9

  3.33

  3.8

  2.6

  3.33

  4 V Threshold Voltage

  V

  th

  V = +15V

  9.4

  10

  10.6

  8.8

  10

  11.2 CC

  V CC = +5V

  2.7

  3.33

  4

  2.4

  3.33

  4.2 I Threshold Current - (note 3)

  0.1

  0.25

  0.1

  0.25 A

  th µ

  V Trigger Voltage

  V

  trig

  V = +15V

  4.8

  5

  5.2

  4.5

  5

  5.6 CC V = +5V

  1.45

  1.67

  1.9

  1.1

  1.67

  2.2 CC

  I Trigger Current (V = 0V)

  0.5

  0.9

  0.5

  2.0 A

  trig trig µ

  V reset Reset Voltage - (note 4)

  0.4

  0.7

  1

  0.4

  0.7

  1 V

  I Reset Current mA

  reset

  V = +0.4V

  0.1

  0.4

  0.1

  0.4

  reset

  V reset = 0V

  0.4

  1

  0.4

  1.5 V Low Level Output Voltage

  V OL V = +15V, I = 10mA

  0.1

  0.15

  0.1

  0.25 CC O(sink)

  I O(sink) = 50mA

  0.4

  0.5

  0.4

  0.75 I O(sink) = 100mA

  2

  2.2

  2

  2.5 I = 200mA

  2.5

  2.5 O(sink)

  V CC = +5V,

  I O(sink) = 8mA

  0.1

  0.25

  0.3

  0.4 I = 5mA

  0.05

  0.2 O(sink)

  0.25

  0.35 V High Level Output Voltage

  V OH

  V CC = +15V, I O(source) = 200mA

  12.5

  12.5 I = 100mA

  13

  13.3

  12.75

  13.3 O(source) V = +5V, I = 100mA

  3

  3.3

  2.75

  3.3 CC O(source)

  Notes : 1. Supply current when output is high is typically 1mA less.

  2. Tested at V CC = +5V and V CC = +15V.

  3. This will determine the maximum value of R + R for +15V operation the max total is R = 20M and for 5V operation A B Ω the max total R = 3.5M .

  Ω

NE555/SA555/SE555

  ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) SE555 NE555 - SA555 Symbol Parameter

  Unit Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

  I dis (off) Discharge Pin Leakage Current 20 100 20 100 nA (output high) (V dis = 10V)

  V Discharge pin Saturation Voltage mV

  dis(sat)

  (output low) - (note 5)

  V CC = +15V, I dis = 15mA 180 480 180 480 V = +5V, I = 4.5mA 80 200 80 200

  CC dis

  t r Output Rise Time 100 200 100 300 ns t Output Fall Time 100 200 100 300

  f

  t off Turn off Time - (note 6) (V reset = V CC )

  0.5 0.5 s

  µ Notes : 5. No protection against excessive Pin 7 current is necessary, providing the package dissipation rating will not be exceeded.

6. Time mesaured from a positive going input pulse from 0 to 0.8x V CC into the threshold to the drop from high to low of the output trigger is tied to treshold.

  

Figure 1 : Minimum Pulse Width Required for Figure 2 : Supply Current versus Supply Voltage

Trigering

  Figure 3 : Delay Time versus Temperature Figure 4 : Low Output Voltage versus Output Sink Current

NE555/SA555/SE555

  Figure 5 : Low Output Voltage versus Output Sink Current

  Figure 6 : Low Output Voltage versus Output Sink Current

  Figure 7 : High Output Voltage Drop versus Output

  Figure 8 : Delay Time versus Supply Voltage Figure 9 : Propagation Delay versus Voltage

  Level of Trigger Value

  NE555/SA555/SE555 APPLICATION INFORMATION Figure 11 t = 0.1 ms / div

  MONOSTABLE OPERATION

  INPUT = 2.0V/div In the monostable mode, the timer functions as a one-shot. Referring to figure 10 the external capaci- tor is initially held discharged by a transistor inside the timer.

  Figure 10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE = 5.0V/div

  V = 5 to 15V _CC Reset R1

  4

8 Trigger

  2

  7 C1 NE555

  6 CAPACITOR VOLTAGE = 2.0V/div Control Voltage R1 = 9.1k Ω , C1 = 0.01 µ F, R = 1k Ω

  L Output

  3

  5

  0.01 F 1 µ Figure 12

  The circuit triggers on a negative-going input signal when the level reaches 1/3 Vcc. Once triggered, the circuit remains in this state until the set time has

  C ( µ

  F)

  elapsed, even if it is triggered again during this in-

  10

  terval.The duration of the output HIGH stateis given Ω

  1k by t = 1.1 R

  1 C 1 and is easily determined by Ω

  1.0

  k figure 12. R1= 10 Ω

  0k Notice that since the charge rate and the threshold

  Ω

  10

  0.1

  1M level of the comparator are both directly proportional Ω

  M to supply voltage, the timing interval is independent

  10

  0.01

  of supply. Applying a negativepulse simultaneously to the reset terminal (pin 4) and the trigger terminal 0.001

  10 100

  1.0 10 100 10 (t ) d

  (pin 2) during the timing cycle discharges the exter- µ s µ s

  ms ms ms s

  nal capacitor and causes the cycle to start over. The timing cycle now starts on the positive edge of the reset pulse. During the time the reset pulse in ap- plied, the output is driven to its LOW state. When a negativetrigger pulse is applied to pin 2, the ASTABLE OPERATION flip-flop is set, releasing the short circuit across the

external capacitor and driving the output HIGH. The When the circuit is connected as shown in figure 13

voltage across the capacitor increases exponen- (pin 2 and 6 connected)it triggers itself and free runs

  1

  1

tially with the time constant τ = R C . When the volt- as a multivibrator. The external capacitor charges

age across the capacitor equals 2/3 V cc , the compa- through R

  1 and R 2 and discharges through R 2 only.

ratorresets the flip-flop which then discharge the ca- Thus the duty cycle may be precisely set by the ratio

pacitor rapidly and drivers the output to its LOW of these two resistors. state.

  In the astable mode of operation, C 1 charges and

Figure 11 shows the actual waveforms generatedin discharges between 1/3 V cc and 2/3 Vcc. As in the

this mode of operation. triggeredmode, the charge and discharge times and

When Reset is not used, it should be tied high to therefore frequency are independent of the supply

avoid any possibly or false triggering. voltage.

NE555/SA555/SE555

  Figure 13 Figure 15 : Free Running Frequency versus R 1 , R 2 and C

  1 V = 5 to 15V _CC R1

  C

  4

  8

  ( µ

  F)

  Output

  10

  3

  7 1k

  Ω

  10 k R2 NE555

  1.0

  Ω R

  10

  1 0k Ω

• Control

  1M Voltage

  Ω

  6

  0.1 R2

  5 =

0.01 F

  µ

  1

2 C1

  10M

  0.01 Ω 0.001

  0.1

  1 10 100 1k 10k f (Hz)

  o Figure 14 shows actual waveforms generatedin this mode of operation.

  The charge time (output HIGH) is given by : t 1 = 0.693 (R 1 + R 2 ) C

  1 and the discharge time (output LOW) by : t

  2 = 0.693 (R 2 ) C

1 PULSE WIDTH MODULATOR

  Thus the total period T is given by : When the timer is connected in the monostable T = t 1 + t 2 = 0.693 (R 1 + 2R 2 ) C

  1 mode and triggered with a continuous pulse train, The frequency ofoscillation is them : the output pulse width can be modulated by a signal

  1

  1.44 applied to pin 5. Figure 16 shows the circuit. f = =

  2R 2 ) C

  1 and may be easily found by figure 15. Figure 16 : Pulse Width Modulator.

  1 + T ( R

  The duty cycle is given by : R

2 D =

• V

  2R

  1

  2 R A

  CC R

  4

  8 Trigger

  2

  7 Figure 14

  t = 0.5 ms / div

  NE555

  6 Modulation

  OUTPUT VOLTAGE = 5.0V/div

  Input

  3

  5 Output C

  1 CAPACITOR VOLTAGE = 1.0V/div R1 = R2 = 4.8k , C1= 0.1

F, R = 1k

  Ω µ L Ω

NE555/SA555/SE555

  2 = 100k Ω

  A C.

  1 = 0.693 R

  50% DUTY CYCLE OSCILLATOR For a 50% duty cycle the resistors R A and R E may be connected as in figure19. The time preriod for the output high is the same as previous, t

  F

  µ

  1V/DIV C = 0.01

  Bottom trace : capacitor voltage R E = 2.7k Ω

  Bottom trace : output 5V/DIV R

  2 = [

  Ω

  = 47k

  1

  V CC = 5V Top trace : input 3V/DIV Time = 20 µ s/DIV Middle trace : output 5V/DIV R

  0.6V Figure 18 : Linear Ramp.

  V BE =

  2 )

  For the output low it is t

  ( R A R

  1

  1

  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Adequate power supply bypassing is necessary to protect associated circuitry. Minimum recom- mended is 0.1 µ F in parallel with 1 µ F electrolytic.

  CC and trigger the lower comparator.

  B can- not bring pin 2 down to 1/3 V

  A and R

  A because the junction of R

  2 Note that this circuit will not oscillate if R B is greater than 1/2 R

  1 t

  B ) ⁄ ( R

  Thus the frequency of oscillation is f =

  2R B − R A   

  2R A

  R B −

  ] CLn   

  B )

  A + R

• t

8 E

  V BE ( R

  1 V CC −

  7

  Out R A C NE55

  Figure 17.

  2N4250 or equiv.

  F R2 R1 R

  0.01 µ

  V CC

  6

  4

  5

  1

  3

  4

  2

  Trigger Output C NE555

  LINEAR RAMP When the pullup resistor, R A , in the monostable cir- cuit is replaced by a constant current source, a linear ramp is generated. Figure 17 shows a circuit con- figuration that will perform this function.

  2

  3

  C R

  F Figure 19 : 50% Duty Cycle Oscillator.

  2 )

  R

  1 +

  R E ( R

  CC

  2/3 V

  Figure 18 shows waveforms generator by the linear ramp. The time interval is given by : T = (

  0.01 µ

  1

  V CC

  0.01 µ F

  22k Ω

  8 V CC 51k Ω R B

  7

  6

  5

• R

  PM-DIP8.EPS PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA

  8 PINS - PLASTIC DIP Dimensions Millimeters Inches Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

  A 3.32 0.131 a1 0.51 0.020

  B

  1.15 1.65 0.045 0.065 b 0.356 0.55 0.014 0.022 b1 0.204 0.304 0.008 0.012

  D 10.92 0.430 E

  7.95 9.75 0.313 0.384 e 2.54 0.100 e3 7.62 0.300 e4 7.62 0.300

  F 6.6 0260 i 5.08 0.200

  L

  3.18 3.81 0.125 0.150 Z 1.52 0.060

  DIP8.TBL NE555/SA555/SE555

NE555/SA555/SE555 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA

8 PINS - PLASTIC MICROPACKAGE (SO)

PM-SO8.EPS

  Millimeters Inches Dimensions Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

  A 1.75 0.069 a1

  0.1 0.25 0.004 0.010 a2 1.65 0.065 a3

  0.65 0.85 0.026 0.033 b 0.35 0.48 0.014 0.019 b1 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010

  C

  0.25 0.5 0.010 0.020

  o

  c1 45 (typ.)

  D

  4.8 5.0 0.189 0.197 E

  5.8 6.2 0.228 0.244 e 1.27 0.050 e3 3.81 0.150

  F

  3.8 4.0 0.150 0.157 L

  0.4 1.27 0.016 0.050 M 0.6 0.024

  o

  S 8 (max.)

SO8.TBL

  

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

  :

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   CODE

  

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