A Study Of Psychopathic Personality Through The Leading Character In Thomas Harris’ Novel ‘Hannibal Rising’
A
STUDY
OF
PSYCHOPATHIC
PERSONALITY
THROUGH
THE
LEADING CHARACTER IN THOMAS HARRIS’ NOVEL ‘HANNIBAL
RISING’
A THESIS
BY:
GRACE SIBARANI
REG. NO. 100705077
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2014
Universitas Sumatera Utara
A
STUDY
OF
PSYCHOPATHIC
PERSONALITY
THROUGH
THE
LEADING CHARACTER IN THOMAS HARRIS’ NOVEL ‘HANNIBAL
RISING’
A THESIS
BY
GRACE SIBARANI
REG. NO. 100705077
SUPERVISOR
CO-SUPERVISOR
(Dra. Martha Pardede, M.S)
(Mahmud Arief Albar, SS. MA)
NIP. 19521229 197903 2 001
NIP. 19820904 200501 1 010
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Medan Utara
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from
Department of English
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2014
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
(Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS)
(Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA.PhD)
NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for
the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty ofCultural Studies,
University of Sumatera Utara on Monday April 28, 2014
The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA
NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS
…………………………….
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA.PhD
…………………………….
Dra Martha Pardede, MS
…………………………….
Dra. Diah Rahayu, M,Pd
…………………………….
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, GRACE SIBARANI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF
THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF
THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED
ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A
THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER
DEGREE. NO OTHER’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS
THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARDS OF ANOTHER
DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed:
Date : April 2014
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: GRACE SIBARANI
TITLE OF THESIS
:
A
STUDY
PERSONALITY
OF
THROUGH
PSYCHOPATHIC
THE
LEADING
CHARACTER IN THOMAS HARRIS’ NOVEL
‘HANNIBAL RISING’
QUALIFICATION
: S-1/ SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPATMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed:
Date :April 2014
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The first time, Praise The Lord, in the name of my saviour Jesus Christ, I
would like to thank God for every single thing in my life. Thank God for giving me
the guidance, the patience, ability and wise to finish this thesis. There are so many
steps that have been done by me to make this thesis complete and ready to be
presented as a thesis of the first graduate. The writer gets so many helps, support,
motivation, and suggestion from many people to process of doing this thesis, from
the beginning until the writer finish this thesis.
I woud like to express my sicere gratitude and appreciation to my supervisor,
Dra. Martha Pardede, M.S and my co-supervisor, Mahmud Arief Albar, SS. MA, for
their willingness sharing times and patience in guiding, correcting, and supervising
this thesis.
Further, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to Dr. H.
Syahron Lubis, MA as the Dean of Faculty of Culture Studies USU, Dr. H. Muhizar
Muchtar, MS as the Head of English Department and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti,
MA.PhD as the secretary of English Department and all the lectures, and the staffs of
English literature department who has given all the opportunities and facilities,
during her study in this university and in completing this thesis.
My best and deepest appreciation and love would be presented to my great
family, my beloved father in heaven, P. Sibarani and my beloved mother, E.
Hutabarat, and also my only one beloved little brother Franklyn Sibarani who has
given her a great love, care, support, prayer, and financial in my whole life. My
deepest affection is presented to my beloved mother who always prays for me, thank
for being such a great single parent for me and my brother. You are heart that keeps
me alive. I know how my mother struggles to raise me and my little brother up. I just
want my family to live happily. “Thank for loving me and give your unconditional
love in my life.” Jerusalem, please wait for me, my mother, and my little brother in
the future!
Universitas Sumatera Utara
I would like to say thanks to the members of small group “Daughter of
Christ” that have given support, prayers, and suggestion during the writing of this
thesis. Then I would like to dedicate my very special thanks to my lovely friends,
Theresia Sagala and Linda Hutahuruk who have inspired me and give me craziness,
happiness, support, and help every time I fall down. Thank for being good
‘tomodachi’ for me because I do not have many friends with my bad behaviors. For
my future ‘nampyon’, please wait me in Namsan Tower for doing love lock there.
At last but not least, I would like to say thanks to my paternal uncle and aunt,
Drs. Tandap Sibarani and Melva Sinaga who always care about my only one little
brother.
Finally, the writer hopes this thesis will be beneficial for all the readers.
May God Almighty bless them all. Amin.
The Writer
Grace Sibarani
Reg no: 100705077
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul“A Study of Psychopathic Personality through The
Leading Character in Thomas Harris’ Novel Hannibal Rising”. Skripsi ini membahas
tentang karakteristik seorang psikopat dan penyebab seseorang menjadi psikopat.
Karakteristik psikopat yang dianalisis dalam skripsi ini diantaranya daya tarik yang
dangkal dan kecerdasan yang tinggi; tidak dapat dipercaya; kebohongan dan
ketidaktulusan hati; tanpa rasa bersalah atau malu; dan perilaku anti sosial tanpa
dorongan yang cukup. Adapun penyebab seseorang menjadi psikopat yang dibahas
pada skripsi ini adalah krisis yang berkembang , krisis yang tejadi secara kebetulan,
dan trauma kepala. Karakteristik dan penyebab seseorang menjadi psikopat
tergambar dalam diri karakter utama dari novel Hannibal Rising karya Thomas
Harris. Hannibal Lecter sebagai karakter utama dalam novel Hannibal Rising
digambarkan sebagai seorang psikopat keji yang membunuh dan memakan orangorang yang telah membunuh adiknya, Mischa. Dalam cerita ini digambarkan
bagaimana seorang anak yang pintar dan mengasihi keluarganya menjadi seorang
psikopat kanibal tanpa perasaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini
adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Novel Hannibal Rising karya Thomas
Harris menjadi sumber data utama dengan menggunakan pendekatan ekstrinsik dan
teori psikologi. Teori psikologi yang dipakai menjadi landasan penelitian ini adalah
teori psikopat oleh Hervey Cleckley dan Derek Russel Davis. Adapun tujuan dari
penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa dan membuktikan bahwa karakteristik
seorang psikopat terefleksikan dalam diri Hannibal Lecter dan untuk menelusuri
peneyebab seorang Hannibal Lecter menjadi psikopat sehingga dapat dipahami
masalah psikologis yang diangkat menjadi motif dalam sebuah karya sastra.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitles “A Study of Psychopathic Personality through The
Leading Character in Thomas Harris’ Novel Hannibal Rising”. This thesis discusses
about the characteristics of a psychopath and the causes of that psychopathic
personality. The characteristics of a psychopath that are discussed in this thesis are
such as superficial charm and good "intelligence; unreliability; untruthfulness and
insincerity; lack of remorse or shame; and inadequately motivated antisocial
behavior. Then, the causes of psychopathic personality are developmental crises,
accidental crisis, and head trauma. The characteristics and the causes of psychopathic
personality are depicted through the leading character of Hannibal Risingnovel by
Thomas Harris. Hannibal Lecter as the leading character in Hannibal Rising novel is
depicted as a cruel psychopath who kills and eats the killers of his little sister,
Mischa. This story figures how a genius child who loves his family becomes a serial
psychopathic killer. The method of research that is used in this thesis is qualitative
descriptive method.Hannibal Rising novel by Thomas Harris is the primary source of
data by using extrinsic approach and psychological theories. Psychological theories
that are used in this thesis are theory of psychopathic personality by Hervey Cleckley
and Derek Russel Davis; and theory of personality by Sigmund Freud. The purposes
of this thesis are to analyze and to prove that characteristics of psychopath are
depicted through Hannibal Lecter and to trace back the causes of Hannibal Lecter’s
psychopathic personality so can be understood the psychological problem which is
often adopted as the motif of literary work.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………..i
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………..……iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………..………………………………...v
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION……………….…………………...……...1
1.1 Background of the Study………………………………....1
1.2 Problem of the Study……………………………………..4
1.3 Objectives of the Study…………………………………...5
1.4 Scope of the Study………………………………………..5
1.5 Significance of Analysis……………………………….....6
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE…………………….....……...7
2.1 Psychology and Literature …...…...…………....……....7
2.2 Character ………………………..……………..….…....10
2.3 Psychopath………………………..…………….….…..12
CHAPTER III
METHOD OF RESEARCH…………………….…..…..…16
3.1 Research Design ………………………..……………......16
3.2 Data Collection ………………………………………..….18
3.3 Data Analysis ……………………..……………………..19
CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS AND FINDING…………………...…………..20
4.1 Hannibal Lecter’s Characteristics of Psychopath………20
4.1.1 Superficial Charm and Good Intelligence..……...20
4.1.2 Unreliability ……………………….…………......24
4.1.3 Untruthfulness and Insincerity……..…….………25
4.1.4 Inadequately Motivated Antisocial Behavior……28
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4.1.5 Lack of Remorse………………….…………..….30
4.2The
Cause
of
Hannibal
Lecter’s
PsychopathicPersonality………………………….33
CHAPTER VCONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS……………..….....39
5.1 CONCLUSION………………………...………………..39
5.2 SUGGESTIONS ………………………...……………...40
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………….....…42
APPENDICES
i.
Author’s biography and works
ii.
Summary of The Novel
Universitas Sumatera Utara
STUDY
OF
PSYCHOPATHIC
PERSONALITY
THROUGH
THE
LEADING CHARACTER IN THOMAS HARRIS’ NOVEL ‘HANNIBAL
RISING’
A THESIS
BY:
GRACE SIBARANI
REG. NO. 100705077
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN 2014
Universitas Sumatera Utara
A
STUDY
OF
PSYCHOPATHIC
PERSONALITY
THROUGH
THE
LEADING CHARACTER IN THOMAS HARRIS’ NOVEL ‘HANNIBAL
RISING’
A THESIS
BY
GRACE SIBARANI
REG. NO. 100705077
SUPERVISOR
CO-SUPERVISOR
(Dra. Martha Pardede, M.S)
(Mahmud Arief Albar, SS. MA)
NIP. 19521229 197903 2 001
NIP. 19820904 200501 1 010
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Medan Utara
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from
Department of English
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2014
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head,
Secretary,
(Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS)
(Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA.PhD)
NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002
NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for
the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of
Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty ofCultural Studies,
University of Sumatera Utara on Monday April 28, 2014
The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA
NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS
…………………………….
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA.PhD
…………………………….
Dra Martha Pardede, MS
…………………………….
Dra. Diah Rahayu, M,Pd
…………………………….
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, GRACE SIBARANI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF
THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF
THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED
ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A
THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER
DEGREE. NO OTHER’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS
THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARDS OF ANOTHER
DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed:
Date : April 2014
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME
: GRACE SIBARANI
TITLE OF THESIS
:
A
STUDY
PERSONALITY
OF
THROUGH
PSYCHOPATHIC
THE
LEADING
CHARACTER IN THOMAS HARRIS’ NOVEL
‘HANNIBAL RISING’
QUALIFICATION
: S-1/ SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT
: ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPATMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed:
Date :April 2014
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The first time, Praise The Lord, in the name of my saviour Jesus Christ, I
would like to thank God for every single thing in my life. Thank God for giving me
the guidance, the patience, ability and wise to finish this thesis. There are so many
steps that have been done by me to make this thesis complete and ready to be
presented as a thesis of the first graduate. The writer gets so many helps, support,
motivation, and suggestion from many people to process of doing this thesis, from
the beginning until the writer finish this thesis.
I woud like to express my sicere gratitude and appreciation to my supervisor,
Dra. Martha Pardede, M.S and my co-supervisor, Mahmud Arief Albar, SS. MA, for
their willingness sharing times and patience in guiding, correcting, and supervising
this thesis.
Further, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to Dr. H.
Syahron Lubis, MA as the Dean of Faculty of Culture Studies USU, Dr. H. Muhizar
Muchtar, MS as the Head of English Department and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti,
MA.PhD as the secretary of English Department and all the lectures, and the staffs of
English literature department who has given all the opportunities and facilities,
during her study in this university and in completing this thesis.
My best and deepest appreciation and love would be presented to my great
family, my beloved father in heaven, P. Sibarani and my beloved mother, E.
Hutabarat, and also my only one beloved little brother Franklyn Sibarani who has
given her a great love, care, support, prayer, and financial in my whole life. My
deepest affection is presented to my beloved mother who always prays for me, thank
for being such a great single parent for me and my brother. You are heart that keeps
me alive. I know how my mother struggles to raise me and my little brother up. I just
want my family to live happily. “Thank for loving me and give your unconditional
love in my life.” Jerusalem, please wait for me, my mother, and my little brother in
the future!
Universitas Sumatera Utara
I would like to say thanks to the members of small group “Daughter of
Christ” that have given support, prayers, and suggestion during the writing of this
thesis. Then I would like to dedicate my very special thanks to my lovely friends,
Theresia Sagala and Linda Hutahuruk who have inspired me and give me craziness,
happiness, support, and help every time I fall down. Thank for being good
‘tomodachi’ for me because I do not have many friends with my bad behaviors. For
my future ‘nampyon’, please wait me in Namsan Tower for doing love lock there.
At last but not least, I would like to say thanks to my paternal uncle and aunt,
Drs. Tandap Sibarani and Melva Sinaga who always care about my only one little
brother.
Finally, the writer hopes this thesis will be beneficial for all the readers.
May God Almighty bless them all. Amin.
The Writer
Grace Sibarani
Reg no: 100705077
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini berjudul“A Study of Psychopathic Personality through The
Leading Character in Thomas Harris’ Novel Hannibal Rising”. Skripsi ini membahas
tentang karakteristik seorang psikopat dan penyebab seseorang menjadi psikopat.
Karakteristik psikopat yang dianalisis dalam skripsi ini diantaranya daya tarik yang
dangkal dan kecerdasan yang tinggi; tidak dapat dipercaya; kebohongan dan
ketidaktulusan hati; tanpa rasa bersalah atau malu; dan perilaku anti sosial tanpa
dorongan yang cukup. Adapun penyebab seseorang menjadi psikopat yang dibahas
pada skripsi ini adalah krisis yang berkembang , krisis yang tejadi secara kebetulan,
dan trauma kepala. Karakteristik dan penyebab seseorang menjadi psikopat
tergambar dalam diri karakter utama dari novel Hannibal Rising karya Thomas
Harris. Hannibal Lecter sebagai karakter utama dalam novel Hannibal Rising
digambarkan sebagai seorang psikopat keji yang membunuh dan memakan orangorang yang telah membunuh adiknya, Mischa. Dalam cerita ini digambarkan
bagaimana seorang anak yang pintar dan mengasihi keluarganya menjadi seorang
psikopat kanibal tanpa perasaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini
adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Novel Hannibal Rising karya Thomas
Harris menjadi sumber data utama dengan menggunakan pendekatan ekstrinsik dan
teori psikologi. Teori psikologi yang dipakai menjadi landasan penelitian ini adalah
teori psikopat oleh Hervey Cleckley dan Derek Russel Davis. Adapun tujuan dari
penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa dan membuktikan bahwa karakteristik
seorang psikopat terefleksikan dalam diri Hannibal Lecter dan untuk menelusuri
peneyebab seorang Hannibal Lecter menjadi psikopat sehingga dapat dipahami
masalah psikologis yang diangkat menjadi motif dalam sebuah karya sastra.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitles “A Study of Psychopathic Personality through The
Leading Character in Thomas Harris’ Novel Hannibal Rising”. This thesis discusses
about the characteristics of a psychopath and the causes of that psychopathic
personality. The characteristics of a psychopath that are discussed in this thesis are
such as superficial charm and good "intelligence; unreliability; untruthfulness and
insincerity; lack of remorse or shame; and inadequately motivated antisocial
behavior. Then, the causes of psychopathic personality are developmental crises,
accidental crisis, and head trauma. The characteristics and the causes of psychopathic
personality are depicted through the leading character of Hannibal Risingnovel by
Thomas Harris. Hannibal Lecter as the leading character in Hannibal Rising novel is
depicted as a cruel psychopath who kills and eats the killers of his little sister,
Mischa. This story figures how a genius child who loves his family becomes a serial
psychopathic killer. The method of research that is used in this thesis is qualitative
descriptive method.Hannibal Rising novel by Thomas Harris is the primary source of
data by using extrinsic approach and psychological theories. Psychological theories
that are used in this thesis are theory of psychopathic personality by Hervey Cleckley
and Derek Russel Davis; and theory of personality by Sigmund Freud. The purposes
of this thesis are to analyze and to prove that characteristics of psychopath are
depicted through Hannibal Lecter and to trace back the causes of Hannibal Lecter’s
psychopathic personality so can be understood the psychological problem which is
often adopted as the motif of literary work.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………..i
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………..……iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………..………………………………...v
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION……………….…………………...……...1
1.1 Background of the Study………………………………....1
1.2 Problem of the Study……………………………………..4
1.3 Objectives of the Study…………………………………...5
1.4 Scope of the Study………………………………………..5
1.5 Significance of Analysis……………………………….....6
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE…………………….....……...7
2.1 Psychology and Literature …...…...…………....……....7
2.2 Character ………………………..……………..….…....10
2.3 Psychopath………………………..…………….….…..12
CHAPTER III
METHOD OF RESEARCH…………………….…..…..…16
3.1 Research Design ………………………..……………......16
3.2 Data Collection ………………………………………..….18
3.3 Data Analysis ……………………..……………………..19
CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS AND FINDING…………………...…………..20
4.1 Hannibal Lecter’s Characteristics of Psychopath………20
4.1.1 Superficial Charm and Good Intelligence..……...20
4.1.2 Unreliability ……………………….…………......24
4.1.3 Untruthfulness and Insincerity……..…….………25
4.1.4 Inadequately Motivated Antisocial Behavior……28
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4.1.5 Lack of Remorse………………….…………..….30
4.2The
Cause
of
Hannibal
Lecter’s
PsychopathicPersonality………………………….33
CHAPTER VCONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS……………..….....39
5.1 CONCLUSION………………………...………………..39
5.2 SUGGESTIONS ………………………...……………...40
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………….....…42
APPENDICES
i.
Author’s biography and works
ii.
Summary of The Novel
Universitas Sumatera Utara