DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS THE ABSTRACT AND ITS TRANSLATION ABSTRAK

12 • The UKM Thesis Style Guide Year in which thesis is submitted to the university for examination The year of submission should be typed 2 spaces after the name of the campus and 40 mm from the bottom of the page. See APPENDICES D1 , D2 , D3 , D4 , D5 and D6

3.3 DECLARATION

The declaration must begin on a new page, after the title page and centred. See APPENDICES E1 and E2

3.4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The word ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS should be centred, 30 mm from the top of the page. Any individual or organization that has rendered any sort of special assistance in the preparation of the thesis should be acknowledged by the candidate. The text of the acknowledgement should not exceed one page. Dedications are not allowed. The acknowledgement should include: 1. Praise to God 2. Name of supervisors 3. The facultyinstituteschooldepartment where the research was held 4. Financial sponsors 5. General dedication See APPENDIX F1 and F2 The UKM Thesis Style Guide • 13

3.5 THE ABSTRACT AND ITS TRANSLATION ABSTRAK

The abstract and its translated version must be typed on separate pages, after the page of acknowledgements, each consisting of one paragraph, single-spaced. The word ABSTRACT must be centred and 30 mm from the top of the page. The length of the abstract should be between 200 to 350 words. The abstract should include the following information: a. Statement of the problem Research questions b. Aim of the study c. Study area if relevant d. Research method e. Results of the study findings such as a new theory, terminology, technology, interpretation, product, or evaluation, should be concisely stated f. Contribution to the field g. Implications on policy if relevant An abstract should not include the following information: a. Additional content, corrections or any information not contained in the text of the thesis. b. Additional tables, illustrations and references. c. Detailed explanations of experiments, organisms, standard procedures, techniques and instruments. d. References and literature review. 14 • The UKM Thesis Style Guide A thesis written in Bahasa Melayu should have its abstract in Bahasa Melayu and followed by a translation in English together with a translation of the title. The translations should not exceed 350 words. See APPENDICES G1 and G2 A thesis written in English should have its translation abstract in Bahasa Melayu without title, followed by abstract in English without title. The translations should not exceed 350 words. See APPENDICES G3 and G4 Similarly, a thesis written in Arabic should have its abstract in Bahasa Melayu without title, followed by abstract in Arabic without title and the other in English without title. The translations should not exceed 350 words. See APPENDICES G5 , G6 dan G7

3.6 CONTENTS