Language of the Reference Material Transliteration Author’s Name

CHAPTER V LIST OF REFERENCES

5.1 INTRODUCTION

The author-date system used in in-text citations requires a complete list of reference sources. This list, titled References, is at the end of the thesis, before the Appendices. The UKM Style Guide lists only references and is not a bibliographical list. Note: a. In the reference list, information from books, journals, newspapers, interviews and similar sources is not classified or categorized, except in the discipline of history if necessary. b. The list of references must be typed single-spaced. c. The reference list should be according to the UKM Style Guide Author-Date System.

5.1.1 Language of the Reference Material

The language of the reference material except English and Arabic that is different from the language used in the writing of the thesis must be translated into English, as in the following examples: The UKM Thesis Style Guide • 31 Mohamed Yusoff Ismail. 1995. Wat sayam nai Kelantan. Siamese temples in Kelantan. Chulalongkorn Journal of Buddhist Studies 21:5-19. Mohamed Yusoff Ismail. 2004. Islam-kokka mareisia nimiru bukkyoto shamu-jin no aidentiti Social Identity of Siamese Buddhists in a Muslim State in Malaysia. In Tsuyoshi Kato ed. Hen-Yo-Suru Tonan-Ajia Shakai: Minzoku, Shuukyou, Bunka No Dota Southeast Asian Society: Ethnicity, Religion and Culture in Changing Trends, pp 295-319. Tokyo: Mekong.

5.1.2 Transliteration

a. Titles of works in Arabic must be transliterated. See APPENDIX S b. There are two ways of transliterating into Romanized-Arabic, namely according to the pronunciation of the Arabic word, and according to the written form spelling of the Arabic word. Transliteration according to pronunciation ash- Shams fī’s-samā Transliteration according to the written form al- Shams fī al-samā’ Candidates are required to use the system of transliteration according to the written form APPENDIX S

5.1.3 Author’s Name

The author’s name should be written in full, as it appears on the title page of the publication, or in the copyright information containing the Cataloguing-in- Publication-Data, without any titles or honorifics. 32 • The UKM Thesis Style Guide a. The name of a Western author or an author with a surname must first be shortened to the surname, with the rest of his name in initials. The initials are written after the surname, preceded by a comma. Examples: Humphrey John Moule Bowen or H.J.M. Bowen is written as Bowen, H.J.M. John Fitzgerald Kennedy or J.F. Kennedy is written as Kennedy, J.F. K. Sarvananthan is written as Sarvananthan, K. b. The name of an Arabic author should be written according to the family name. Example: Sulayman ibn Ahmad al-Tabrani is typed as al-Tabrani, Sulayman ibn Ahmad, and is listed alphabetically under T. Example of using a name that is well-known: Taqi-alDin Ahmad ibn Abd al-Halim ibn Taymiyyah is written as Ibn Taymiyyah, Taqi al-Din Ibn Abd al-Halim and is listed under I. c. Names of Malay authors that are written in full should be similarly recorded. A name that has initials is typed as in the following examples. In other words, initials follow the name. Zakri A. H. is typed as Zakri, A.H. The UKM Thesis Style Guide • 33 Bakar, M.A.A. is typed as Bakar, M.A.A. H.M. Dahlan is typed as Dahlan, H.M. d. Names of Chinese authors that are written in full should be similarly recorded. Ding Choo Ming is typed as Ding, Choo Ming The name of a Chinese author that has initials is typed as in the following examples. In other words, initials follow the name. H.S. Lee is typed as Lee, H.S. If a Chinese author has a Christian name, his first name should be in initials as in the following example: Edward Lim Huck Tee is typed as Lim, E.H.T. e. Names of Indian authors, which are written in full should be similarly recorded. S. Bhaskaran should be written as Bhaskaran,S. f. Names of Indonesian authors that are written in full should be similarly recorded. Winarti Partaningrat is written as Partaningrat,W. The name of an Indonesian author that has initials is recorded as in the following example. In other words, initials follow the name. R.F. Saragih is written as Saragih,R.F. 34 • The UKM Thesis Style Guide g. Names of SabahSarawak native authors that are written in full should be recorded as such. James anak Bachat is typed as James Bachat 5.1.4 Titles of Publications a. The title of a reference material must be italicized, using CAPITAL LETTERS for the initial letter of the title, and initial letter of each word of a proper name. The rest of the title should be in lower case, except if the word is an abbreviation or acronym consisting of capital letters. Journal titles need to be consistent throughout the whole thesis, either using full title or abbreviation only known abbreviation is used. Examples: Titles of Books …2009. Environmental management issues in Malaysia… …2007. Alam sekitar dan kesejahteraan masyarakat Malaysia… …2010. Danum Valley conservation area: physical, biological and social environments… Titles of Journals …2006. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 97:369 …2008. Islamiyyat 16:5012-5636 …2010. Corporate Environmental Strategy 9 4:409-407 …2011. Malaysian Journal of Environmental Management 6:3- 21 The UKM Thesis Style Guide • 35 Titles of Articles … 2012. The making of another superlinear city in Malaysia…. … 2009. Potential of biomass electricity in four Asian countries… … 2010. Development of noise modeling software for the evaluation and management of noise pollution in Malaysia b. Titles of works in English without a known author and with titles beginning with the words “A, An, The” are listed in alphabetical order. … 2012. A Sandwich Enzyme Immunoassay for Pulmonary Surfactant Protein D and Measurement of Its Blood Levels in Drowning Victims. …2006. An Experimental Model Application of Wavescreen: Dynamic Pressure, Water Particle Velocity, and Wave Measurements. …2006. The Contribution of Measurement and Information Infrastructure to TQM Success. 5.2 CONVENTIONS OF WRITING REFERENCES a. The list of references should be according to alphabetical order, except for Al- Quran. Al-Quran. Azahan Awang. 2012 . … CO 273535. … Ibrahim Baba. 2009 . … 36 • The UKM Thesis Style Guide Jawatankuasa Tetap Bahasa Malaysia. 2008 . … Kadaruddin Aiyub. 2006. … b. The reference to an individual author is listed before another reference in which the same author is the first writer. Sham Sani. 2008 . … Sham Sani Jamaluddin Md. Jahi. 2006 . … c. In the case of references in which the first writer is the same person, and the second and third writers are different, the works are listed according to the alphabetical order of the names of the second and third writers, and so on. Jamaluddin Md. Jahi, Kadir Arifin, Azahan Awang, Kadaruddin Ayub Muhammad Rizal Razman. 2 005. … Jamaluddin Md. Jahi, Moh. Jailani Mohd. Nor, Kadir Arifin Azahan Awang. 2008 . … Jamaluddin Md Jahi, Jailani Mohd. Nor, Kadir Arifin Muhammad Rizal Razman . 2009. .. d. References to the same author are listed according to the year of publication. Aini Hussain. 200 9. … Aini Hussain. 201 1. … e. References to the same first author, whose works are the same year of publication, are arranged in the order they are cited in the text. Matthew, A.D. 2010 a. Environmental and development…. Matthew, A.D. 2010b. Economic development… The UKM Thesis Style Guide • 37 f. Where two writers have the same first name or the same surname, they are listed according to the alphabetical order of their fathers’ names or according to the first initial. Abdullah Ahmad. 2012 . … Abdullah Hassan. 2007 . … Eliot, A.L. 2008 . … Eliot, G.E. 2006 . …

5.3 WRITING COMPLETE REFERENCE DATA FOR BOOKS