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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background
Machining is an industrial process in which metal parts are shaped or removed by metal cutting process Patel et al., 2012. In the metal removal process,
the output quality of the machined part is rather important. Turning is one of the widely used and important machining processes in engineering industries Ahilan et
al., 2013. Lathe machine is one of oldest conventional machine tool that still being used in the manufacturing industries to produce cylindrical parts. However,
Computer Numerical Control CNC turning machine are widely used nowadays as it can produce good quality machined parts, high accuracy and high productivity Patel
et al., 2012.
Turning is machining operation that can be performed on a lathe and widely
used in variety manufacturing industries such as automotive and aerospace. In the machining process, quality of surface plays a very important role in the performance
of turning. This is because, good quality turned surface is significant in improving quality Patel et al., 2012. In CNC turning, there are many parameters cutting
conditions that will affect the surface roughness of the workpiece. These factors are controllable factors such as feed rate, depth of cut and spindle speed and the
uncontrolled factors such as material properties and tool geometry of both tool and workpiece Rao et al., 2013.
In general, the surface roughness term are usually used to describe a surface
which has been prepared by machining, grinding or other processes. Good surface finish is needed to improve the properties, strength, corrosion resistance and aesthetic
appeal of product Rawangwong et al., 2014. Surface roughness has a factor that
17 greatly influences on manufacturing cost and this is the main reason manufacturing
process employed to create the surface.
Although machined surface appear smooth to the naked eye, the surface are
quite rough at the microscopic level. In this challenge world, striving for lower cost solution and shorter lead time is the main challenge for industries around the world
to maintain their competitiveness. Automated and flexible manufacturing systems are employed for that purpose.
1.2 Problem Statement
Kategori