17 greatly influences on manufacturing cost and this is the main reason manufacturing
process employed to create the surface.
Although machined surface appear smooth to the naked eye, the surface are
quite rough at the microscopic level. In this challenge world, striving for lower cost solution and shorter lead time is the main challenge for industries around the world
to maintain their competitiveness. Automated and flexible manufacturing systems are employed for that purpose.
1.2 Problem Statement
Nowadays, the so called surface roughness of the product is a major issue in many industries. The major issue of this factor makes manufacturing engineers faced
with the difficulties to increase the productivity Rawangwong et al., 2014. The demand for high quality products with good surface finish also increase day by day
due to the newer applications in various fields such as die and mold manufacturing, automobile and also aircraft industries.
In CNC machining, the optimal parameters and cutting condition under the given machining situation is difficult to determine. The conventional ways to choose
the ideal parameters are based upon data from the machining handbooks or from the knowledge of the programmer. Hence, uneven surface roughness is produced
because of such conservative machining parameters.
In order to obtain a good quality product and increase the productivity, it is
important to optimize the machining parameters. This is because, the surface roughness of a machined part different with the change of cutting process
parameters. Optimization of machining parameters usually a difficult work as the knowledge of machining and the aspect of machine tool capabilities are required.
Instead of the surface roughness, the scratch marks and inaccuracies in the cut also can be affected.
18 The absence of cutting fluid will lead to economic benefits by way of saving
lubricant cost and workpiece, and also the tool machine cleaning cycle time. Health problem can be caused by the long term exposure to the cutting fluids and by the
inappropriate way while handling with the cutting fluids. Then, the adhesion and friction between tool and chip tend to be higher in dry machining process. These
situations will cause higher temperature, higher tool wear rates and consequently, shorter too lives. Therefore, the ideal parameters have to be found in order to
achieve the desired surface roughness. 1.3 Objective
The objectives of this project are:
i. To study the effect of spindle speed and feed rate of dry cutting CNC turning on surface roughness of AISI 1045 carbon steel.
ii. To identify the optimum spindle speed and feed rate based on characterization study.
1.4 Project Scope
