CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS
This chapter presents the methods used in this research, namely: research design, area determination method, operational definition, subject determination
method, data collection method,data analysis method, and research procedure. They are presented in this following section.
3.1 Research Design
Classroom action research CAR was used in this research because this research was
itended to improve the students’ listening comprehension achievement by using cartoon video in class VIII C at SMP N 7 Jember.
According to Arikunto 2006: 91, classroom action research is a research which is done in the classroom by doing intentional activities. Further, Arikunto
2006:91 says that in conducting a classroom action research, the researcher needs to do it collaboratevely with another researcher or team. Dealing with the
statement above, this classroom action research was conducted collaboratively with the English teacher of class VIII C at SMPN 7 Jember that had problem in
listening comprehension and their score was 57,3 as the lowest mean score. The problem in this research were the students` passive participation and low
achievement in listening. The information was based on the results of interview and documentation.
The collaboration was focused on planning the action, implementing the action, observing the class, and doing reflection. According to Snell 1999,
classroom action research usually includes having an observer collecting data and together with the teacher developing a plan to bring about the desired
change,acting on the plan and then observing the effects of the plan in the classroom. This classroom action research was conducted in cycle and design of
this research was illustrated in the diagram below.
Table 3.1 The Design of This Classroom Action Research
Preliminary Study
- Fact
Finding by
interview -
Problem Identification
Adapted from Lewin, 1980 in Elliot, 1991:70
Revising some necessary aspects that
make the cycle 1 unsuccsessful, and
conducting cycle 2. The result do not
meet the target unsuccessful
Planning
- Preparing the teaching
materials -
Constructing the lesson plan
- Preparing the observation
guide -
Constructing the listening test
- Setting the criteria of
succes
Reporting the results and conducting second cycle in
order to know the consistency of the results in the first cycle
Reflection
- Analysis
- reflection
Implementation
- Teaching listening by
using cartoon video -
Observing the teaching learning
process -
Administering the listening test
The results meet the target
The activities of the research are as follows.
1. Interviewing the English teacher of SMP N 7 Jember as the preliminary study
to find and identify the problem to be researched. 2.
Observing the classroom to know the students’ participation during the teaching learning process of listening before they are taught listening
comprehension by using cartoon video. 3.
Planning the actions by constructing the lesson plan for the first cycle done in two meetings lesson plan 1 and lesson plan 2 .
4. Implementing the actions in the first cycle in teaching listening
comprehension. In this activity, the researcher is carrying out the teaching practice while the English teacher is doing the observation.
5. Observing the students` activities during the implementation of the action.
6. Administering a listening comprehension achievement test to the research
subjects after the action done in the first cycle. 7.
Analyzing the result of listening comprehension achievement test. 8.
Analyzing the result of classroom observation 9.
Reflecting the result of listening comprehension achievement test and the result of classroom observation.
3.2 Area Determination Method
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