CHAPTER III REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
3.1 Character
Character in literary work is important, because character can explain what happens to the story and will help the reader understand the story. Since a character is
a key of a story, every literature must have a character. Perrine 1984: 68 divided the character into two types, namely flat and round character
s. ―Flat characters are characterized by one or two traits; they can be summed up in a sentence. Round
characters are complex and many sided; they might require an essay for full analysis.‖
Both types of character can have the vitality that good fiction demands. Round character lives by their very roundness, by the many points at which they
touch life. Flat characters, though they touch life at only one or two points, may be made memorable in the hands of an expert author through some individualizing detail
of appearance, gesture, or speech. Characters in a story experience conflict, to be exact, whether internal and external conflict. It will increase and develop into top of
conflict in climax. The character will be change after climax, but not all of them, as stated by Perrine 1984: 70, classified character int
o two type, they are: ―static and developing dynamic character. ―The static character is the same sort of person at the
end of the story as at the beginning. The developing dynamic character undergoes a permanent change in
same aspect of character, personality, or outlook‖. According to Foster 1974: 73 character in a story, generally consist of two
types, flat character and round character. Flat character that is a character that has one side personality; and round character tends to be, that is the character that has more
than one side personality. There is good or bad only and mutinous in flat character. On the contrary, round characters as character that has both good and bad qualities.
Flat character only shows one side of character, good or bad. He cannot have attitude, sometimes good and other times bad. While round character is character, which show
both good and bad sides. Round character has complication about his strength and weakness.
Stanton 1965: 17-18 giv es his idea about the word ―character‖ in English
literature that has two meanings; it can be a figure or a hero in the story or an attitude, attractiveness, eagerness, emotions or moral principle within the figure. The
word ―character‖ and ―characterization‖ then can mean ―the story maker‖. He provides some basic knowledge about character and characterization, which can be
applied to a short story. He divides characters into two categories:
a. Main Major Characters
Kategori