An action benefactive verb specifies that an agent has caused gain or lost to a benefactor with respect to a given object. It is accompanied by an agent noun
which specifies the cause of the gain or loss, a benefactive noun specifies the undergoer of the gain or loss and an object noun which specifies the object
transferred Cook, 1979:65. Case frame: +-A-B-O
For example: Mimi bought Indrialipstick.
A B
O The Agent case is Mimi, the one who cause the gain. Indri is the
benefactive case which specifies the undergoer of the gain. The object is a lipstick, which specifies the object transferred.
Examples: help
Vtr
, supply
Vtr
, tip
Vtr
D. Locative Verbs
Locative verbs are verb which express location in a place or change of location from one place to another. These verbs require only three cases: the
Agent, the Object, and the Locative. The locative verb has case frame configurations, state locative, process locative, and action locative verb.
1. State Locative Verb
A state locative verb specifies that an object is in a certain location. It is accompanied by an Object noun which specifies what it is that is in that place, and
a Locative noun which specifies the place where the object is located. Case frame: +-Os-L
For example: Thegift is on thetable.
Os L
The object is the gift. The locative case is on the tablewhich specifies the object is in a certain condition.
examples: lean
Vint
, live
Vint
2. Process Locative Verbs
A process locative verb specifies that an object changes its location. It is accompanied by an Object noun which specifies what it is that has changed its
location and a Locative noun which specifies the change of location. For example: Case frame: +-O-L
For example: Thecar drove todowntown
O L
The car is the object case which has changed its location. The locative case is to downtown which specifies the change of location.
Examples: descend
Vint
, enter
Vint
, shift
Vint
3. Action Locative Verbs
An action locative verb expresses an activity involving the change of place of an object distinct from the agent. It is accompanied by an Agent noun which
specifies the instigator of the action, an Object noun which specifies the Object which is changing location and a Locative noun which specifies the change of
location. Case frame: +-A-O-L
For example: Paul took abagfrom Vin
