The Analysis Of Plot In Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Novel Sherlock Holmes: The Hound Of The Baskervilles

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THE ANALYSIS OF PLOT IN SIR ARTHUR CONAN

DOYLE’S NOVEL SHERLOCK HOLMES: THE HOUND OF

THE BASKERVILLES

A PAPER

BY

WAHYUDA PRATAMA

REG. NO. 102202011

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDIES

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM

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It has been proved by Supervisor,

Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum. NIP. 19580517 198503 1 003

Submitted to Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara in partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) in English

Approved by

Diploma III English Study Program,

Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. NIP. 19521126 198112 1 001

Approved by the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara As a paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination

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Accepted by the Board of the Examiners in fulfillment of the requirements for the Diploma III Examination of the Diploma III English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

The examination is held on January 2014

Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara Dean,

Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001

Board of Examiners: Signature 1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP)

2. Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum. (Supervisor) 3. Drs. M. Syafi’i, M.A. (Reader)

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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I am WAHYUDA PRATAMA, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed : ………. Date : April 2014

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COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : Wahyuda Pratama

Title of Paper : The Analysis of Plot in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Novel Sherlock Holmes: The Hound of the Baskervilles

Qualification : D-III/ Ahli Madya Study Program : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Librarian of the Diploma III English Department Faculty of Letters USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.

Signed : ………. Date : April 2014

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ABSTRACT

Literature is the art of written work. Whereas the novel is one of the literary work among the three important branches of literature beside poetry and drama. Novel contains an interesting story and moral message for the readers. This paper entitled “The Analysis of Plot in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Novel Sherlock Holmes: The Hound of the Baskervilles” is about the plot element in a literary work consist of exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and the resolution.

The Hound of the Baskervilles is the third novel by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It is a

fiction which tells about Holmes and his partner Dr. Watson as the detectives. The story is how Holmes and Watson solve the mystery of the hound that killed the Baskerville heirs. They protect Sir Henry Baskerville from hound attack and arrest the suspect behind the case. This paper uses step by step method. Reading until finish the main source data that is The Hound of the Baskervilles, then interpret and analyze the plot element in the novel so that can conclude the relevant text to make this paper. This paper describes how each plot elements in a literary is related, because without the absence of interconnections, it would not perhaps a work of literature will be crafted.

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ABSTRAK

Sastra adalah seni karya tulis. Sedangkan novel adalah salah satu karya sastra dan merupakan tiga cabang penting dari sastra selain puisi dan drama. Novel berisi cerita yang menarik dan pesan moral bagi para pembaca. Makalah yang berjudul

“The Analysis of Plot in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Novel Sherlock Holmes: The

Hound of the Baskervilles” adalah tentang elemen plot dalam karya sastra terdiri

dari exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, dan resolution. The Hound of

the Baskervilles adalah novel ketiga karya Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Sherlock

Holmes adalah sebuah cerita fiksi yang menceritakan tentang Holmes sebagai detektif dan juga rekannya Dr. Watson. Cerita di dalam novel The Hound of the

Baskervilles adalah bagaimana Holmes dan Watson memecahkan misteri anjing

hound yang menewaskan ahli waris Baskerville. Mereka melindungi Sir Henry Baskerville dari serangan anjing hound dan menangkap pelaku di balik kasus ini. Makalah ini menggunakan metode tahap demi tahap. Membaca sumber data utama sampai selesai yaitu The Hound of the Baskervilles, kemudian menafsirkan dan menganalisis elemen plot dalam novel sehingga dapat menyimpulkan teks yang relevan untuk membuat tulisan ini. Makalah ini menjelaskan bagaimana masing-masing elemen plot dalam sastra terkait, karena tanpa adanya interkoneksi, itu tidak akan mungkin sebuah karya sastra akan tercipta.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim

First of all, I would like to thank and praise to the Almighty God, Allah SWT for blessing and giving me health, strength, and ease to accomplish this paper as one of the requirements to get Diploma III certificate from English Department Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara. And I thank to prophet Muhammad SAW who gives me inspirations to be better person.

Then, I would like to thank and express a deep gratitude, love, and appreciation to:

 My parents, Nursidik and Erlin Suriani who have given me the advices, supports, motivations, and prayer every time. And I apologize for being a late graduation. I promise to be better in the future.

 My lovely sister, Dwi Maulida Agustin.

 Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. as the Dean of Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

 Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. as the head of English Diploma Study Program, who has shared me a lot of knowledge. Thank you for your patience to guide me.

 Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum. as my supervisor who has given me the corrections and opportunity.

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 All lectures in English Diploma Study Program for giving me advices and a lot of knowledge.

 My elder Uncle and Aunt, Bude Atik and Pakde Syafi’i.

 My best friends: Rahmad, Ryan, Dani, Mahyar, Andrian (Aceng), Heri (Wak Brek). Thank you for your wonderful day during three years. I will be missing those days.

 The Alumni of English Diploma Program: Bang Yojek, Bang Oki, Bang Nafi, Ahmad Topik, Amd, S.Sos., and Others.

 My best friends in vocational school: Haikal, Cheppy, Debby, Ardy, Agus, Arief (Pak Ogah), Ainur (Si Batak), Arif Lubis (Bung Roma). I always remember the amazing day.

 Other friends: Suchinda, Andri, Aji, Heri, Ferry, Dimas, Bang Purnomo (Paimo), Bang Anda, Bang Harto (Togar), Bang putra (Pairun).

 The girl friends: Retno, Carol, Feni, Devi, and others.

Finally, I do realize that this paper is still far from being perfect. Therefore I welcome any constructive critics and suggestions to this paper. I hope this paper will be a worthwhile for the readers.

Medan, April 2014

The Writer

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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION………. i

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION………. ii

ABSTRACT…………..………. iii

ABSTRAK..………... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……… v

TABLE OF CONTENTS……….. vi

1. INTRODUCTION……….. 1

1.1 Background of the Study………..……… 1

1.2 Scope of the Study………... 3

1.3 Purpose of the Study……… 3

1.4 Significance of the Study………. 3

1.5 Method of the Study……...………. 3

2. THE ELEMENTS OF PLOT………... 4

2.1 The Definition of Plot……….. 4

2.1.1 Event……….. 6

2.1.2 Conflict……….. 6

2.1.3 Climax………... 7

2.2 Parts of Plot……….. 7

2.2.1 Exposition……….. 7

2.2.2 Rising Action………. 8

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2.2.4 Falling Action………. 10

2.2.5 Resolution………... 11

3. PLOT ANALYSIS OF THE HOUND OF THE BASKERVILLES... 12

3.1 The Analysis of Exposition………... 12

3.2 The Analysis of Rising Action………. 15

3.3 The Analysis of Climax………... 19

3.4 The Analysis of Falling Action……… 21

3.5 The Analysis of Resolution……….. 24

4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS……….. 27

4.1 Conclusions……….. 27

4.2 Suggestions……….. 27

REFERENCES………. 28

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ABSTRACT

The Hound of the Baskervilles is the third novel by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It is a

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ABSTRAK

“The Analysis of Plot in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Novel Sherlock Holmes: The

Hound of the Baskervilles” adalah tentang elemen plot dalam karya sastra terdiri

dari exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, dan resolution. The Hound of

the Baskervilles adalah novel ketiga karya Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Sherlock

Holmes adalah sebuah cerita fiksi yang menceritakan tentang Holmes sebagai detektif dan juga rekannya Dr. Watson. Cerita di dalam novel The Hound of the

Baskervilles adalah bagaimana Holmes dan Watson memecahkan misteri anjing

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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study

Novel is one of the literary works among the three important parts of literature: novel, poetry, and drama. A novel is a long prose narrative that describes the fictional characters and events, usually in the form of a sequential story. A novel usually represents about human life in interacting with the environment and the fellow. Novel also has a plot which is a basic framework that is very important. Plot is the series of events in the story structure which is arranged as a series of parts in the overall fiction. Thus, the plot is a mix of elements that build up the story so that it becomes the main framework of the story. Plot arranges how the actions should be related to each other, how an event has a correlation with other events, as well as how the depicted figures and role in the incident. According to Perrine (1974:41) Plot is the sequence of incidents or events which the story is composed and it may conclude what characters say or think, as well as what they do, but it leaves out description, analysis, and concentrate ordinarily on major happening.

William Kenney in his book (1966:13) explains that the structure of plot is divided into three parts. They are the beginning which consists of the exposition or introduction, the middle which consists of conflict, complication and climax and the end which converses denouement or resolution. The first part functions as exposition that serves as part of the information required by the readers in order to understand the storyline further. This initial section usually contains the name of the characters, gender, age, occupation, social conditions, living, and the things

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which according to the author it is important to be known by the reader. At the beginning of the ending of the story is usually unstable due to unstable story is what will trigger events that will happen next. The second part of the story begins with the things that can lead to conflict because the central part of this story in the form of a series of increasingly high-intensity conflict and reach the summit and called the climax of a story. And this part is most awaited by readers. Then, the final part contains solutions to the problems that occur in the middle story.

There is a conflict in a plot that occurs due to the motivation and action as well as the elements of cause and effect. Kenney (1966:95) states “motivation as a reason why the characters do what they do.” While Gorys Keraf (1982:160-162) states that in a story, a character can have a variety of motivation that prompted him to commit an act.

In this paper the writer discusses the plot that is found in Sherlock Holmes:

The Hound of the Baskervilles. It is the third Sherlock Holmes novel. We know

that Sherlock Holmes is a fiction created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. This novel tells about how Holmes and his friend Watson in solving the case with his great analysis skills.

Writer tries to analyze about plot of the novel such as: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. I hope by discussing the novel, the readers can understand more about the plot of novel.

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Based on the background of the study, this study focused on the analysis of the plot which arranges the events within the script relate to the significant occurrence, incident, and experience. The writer believes that many important aspects can be discussed.

1.3 Purpose of the Study

The purpose of writing this paper is to make more interested in reading a novel. The writer analyzes about the sequence of incidents or events in the novel

The Hound of the Baskervilles. And the writer also wants to explain about the

elements of cause and effect in the incidents to the readers, so they can understand it easily. And then, they have more interest to read the novel or watch the movie.

1.4 Significance of the Study

The significances of this study are to inform the readers to know more about novel, sequence of incidents and events contained in The Hound of the

Baskervilles novel. Then to guide the readers in studying plot of novel and it

could be a reference for the next researcher in analyzing plot.

1.5 Method of the study

In writing this paper, I apply a library research, novel, and browsing internet. I process the data by reading the novel, literary books which are relevant to the topic and several educational websites that relate to literature and then I classify into complete paper.

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The sources of data in this paper are novel, books, and gadgets. Then the writer selected important quotation and statement from novel, books, and blogs. After that, the data had to be analyzed. Then pull the conclusions and described.

Besides that, I also watched the movie The Hound of the Baskervilles to make the easiness in explaining the content of the novel that I choose as the object of my paper.

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2. THE ELEMENTS OF PLOT 2.1 The Definition of Plot

Plot is the events that form a significant pattern of action with a beginning, a middle and an end. Plot is also a literary term defined as the events that make up a story, particularly as they relate to one another in a pattern, in a sequence, through cause and effect, how the reader views the story, or simply by coincidence. They move from one place or event to another in order to form a pattern, usually with the purpose of overcoming a conflict. The plot is more formally called a narrative. According to Perrine (1974:41) plot is the sequence of incident or events which the story is composed and it may conclude what character says or thinks, as well as what he does, but it leaves out a description and an analysis and concentrates ordinarily on major happening. Plot, as a storyline made by the reader in the form of a row of events in chronological order, and are interconnected causality in accordance with what was happened to the perpetrators story. From the definition above it can be concluded groove / plot is an interrelated story in chronological order to show the intent of existing storyline.

Plot may be defined as a story’s sequence of incidents, arranged in dramatic order. One is tempted to insert the word “chronological.” But doing so would exclude many stories that depart from this strict ordering of events. According to Stanton (1965:14) the plot is story that contains the sequences of events, but each incident is only connected in cause and effect, an event which caused or led to the occurrence of other events.

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The plot is decided by three essential elements: events, conflict, and climax. William Kenney (1966:13) suggested, the structure of plots divided into three parts. They are the beginning which consists of the exposition on introduction, the middle which consists of conflict, complication and climax and the end which converses denouement or resolution.

2.1.1 Event

An event refers to a process rather than a state of being, though this is many times hard to discern in a text, as most sentences seem to refer to processes. However, for an event to occur, some alteration must take place--relying on contextual clues is crucial to determine this change.

Event in a story refers to the main things that happen in a story. If a story is flat, we say that it had no events. Events make a story or movie interesting, because every event has its own settings and interests.

2.1.2 Conflict

Conflict is a clash action, desire, ideas, or goals in the plot of a story or drama. Conflict may exist between the main character and other person or persons (man again man): between the main character and some external force physical nature, society, or fate (man against some destructive element in his own nature (man again himself) (Laurence Perrine, 1988: 1408).

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2.1.3 Climax

The climax is the highest point of interest in a story. There are five main elements to the flow of any good story: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and resolution. The climax is the high point of the action, and is often a turning point in terms of plot and the story's characters.

2.2 Parts of Plot

In any story, there are five elements that make the plot a whole and complete body of work. Gustav Freytag considered plot a narrative structure that divides a story into five parts, like the five acts of a play. These parts are: exposition (of the situation), rising action (through conflict), climax (or turning point), falling action; and resolution. These are the following definition of plot elements:

2.2.1 Exposition

The first part of a plot is the exposition. Every story must have a beginning. The start, or exposition, is where the characters and setting are established. During this part of the novel, the conflict or main problem is also introduced. The exposition is the beginning of the story and it is the place where the characters are introduced to the reader. Also in the exposition, the setting that the story is taking place is expounded upon so that the reader can get a mental picture of where the story is taking place. These elements are extremely important because it contains all of the

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background information that is needed to understand the story and where the plot is going.

The exposition introduces all of the main characters in the story. It shows how they relate to one another, what their goals and motivations are, and the kind of person they are. The audience may have questions about any of these things, which get settled, but if they do have them they are specific and well-focused questions. Most importantly, in the exposition, the audience gets to know the main character (protagonist), and the protagonist gets to know his or her main goal and what is at stake if he or she fails to attain this goal and if he eventually attains this goal.

The exposition is the portion of a story that introduces important background information to the audience; for example, information about the setting, events occurring before the main plot, characters' back stories, etc. Exposition can be conveyed through dialogues, flashbacks, character's thoughts, background details, in-universe media or the narrator telling a back-story. Alexander Bain and John Genung described exposition as one of four rhetorical modes of discourse, along with argumentation, description, and narration.

2.2.2 Rising Action

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within the story, as well as the tension that is a direct result of the conflict, which includes the motivation as well as obstacles of each of the main characters in the story.

The rising action of a plot is the series of events that build up and create tension and suspense. This tension is a result of the basic conflict that exists and makes the story interesting. The rising action can be identified as the ingredients that complicate matters in a plot. We will see rising action in any story, from a complex novel to a simple children's story.

Rising action is the second phase in Freytag's five-phase structure. It starts with the death of the characters or a conflict. "Conflict" in Freytag's discussion must not be confused with "conflict" in Sir Arthur Thomas Quiller-Couch's critical apparatus to categorize plots into types, e.g., man vs. society. The difference is that an entire story can be discussed according to Quiller-Couch's mode of analysis, while Freytag is talking about the second act in a five-act play, at a time when all of the major characters have been introduced, their motives and allegiances have been made clear (at least for the most part), and they now begin to struggle against one another.

2.2.3 Climax

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makes the reader want to know what is going to happen next and all of the major action in the story comes to a head.

Every good narrative takes the reader on a journey, steadily building the story and the reader's interest. The climax is the point during a narrative when the action or conflict reaches its peak, and this point in the story leads to the story's resolution. Writing a good climax requires more than just creating an interesting conflict with lots of drama. Instead, a climax is most exciting when the narrative has a steady, increasing conflict or action that draws the reader in.

The point of climax is the turning point of the story, where the main character makes the single big decision that defines the outcome of the story and who he or she is as a person. The dramatic phase that Freytag called the "climax" is the third of the five phases and occupies the middle of the story. Thus "the climax" may refer to either the point of climax or to the third phase of the drama.

2.2.4 Falling Action

The fourth part of a plot is the falling action. Falling Action is the actions and events that immediately follow directly after the climax. At this point in the story, this is where the problems begin to unwind.

Freytag called this phase "falling action" in the sense that the loose ends are being tied up. However, it is often the time of greatest overall tension, because it is the phase in which everything goes mostly wrong.

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In this phase, the villain has the upper hand. It seems that evil will triumph. The protagonist has never been further from accomplishing the goal. For Freytag, this is true both in tragedies and comedies, because both of these types of plots classically show good winning over evil. The question is which side the protagonist has put himself on, and this may not be immediately clear to the audience.

2.2.5 Resolution

The fifth and final part of a plot is the resolution, which essentially is the end of the story. At this point all of the problems that the characters faced throughout the story are worked out and the story is concluded. The resolution, also often called denouement, which is French for "to untie" or "unraveling", is the conclusion of the story. Here, the conflicts are resolved, all loose ends are tied up, and the story concludes with either a happy or sad ending.

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3. PLOT ANALYSIS OF THE HOUND OF THE BASKERVILLES

3.1 The Analysis of Exposition

Exposition refers to the opening information in a literary piece. It also refers to the introduction of the theme in a piece of literature. Basically the reader gets much needed information about the work from the exposition usually given at the beginning to set the stage for the work. This stage is the opening of the story, providing the initial information and others, mainly to support the story that will be told in the next stage.

Here is an early stage of the novel The Hound of the Baskervilles by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle relates to the exposition. In the morning hours of a day in 1889, Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson awake to discover that a visitor had been to their apartment the previous night but departed before seeing either man. However, he left behind a walking stick. The walking stick bears the inscription: "To James Mortimer, M.R.C.S., from his friends of the C.C.H." This allows the two to begin making some deductions about his character and occupation using Holmes’s methods.

Watson describes a likeable old country doctor who received the stick from a local hunt, a theory that Holmes has several objections to. He argues instead for the case of a young practitioner presented with the stick when he left London’s Charing Cross Hospital (C.C.H.) to move to the country. Watson checks on some of the details and, with the appearance of the curly-haired spaniel whose teeth marks are imprinted on the cane, followed shortly by his owner, James Mortimer,

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the rest of the deductions are able to be investigated. As it turns out, Holmes is only slightly off, as Mortimer had been given the cane when he was married, and that in turn had brought about the departure from the city.

Mr. Sherlock Holmes, who was usually very late in the mornings, save upon those not infrequent occasions when he was up all night, was seated at the breakfast table. I stood upon the hearth-rug and picked up the stick which our visitor had left behind him the night before. It was a fine, thick piece of wood, bulbous-headed, of the sort which is known as a ‘Penang lawyer.’ Just under the head was a broad silver band nearly an inch across. ‘To James Mortimer, M.R.C.S., from his friends of the C.C.H.,’ was engraved upon it, with the date ‘1884.’ It was just such a stick as the old-fashioned family practitioner used to carry— dignified, solid, and reassuring.

Holmes asked Watson to examine the Dr. Mortimer characteristic. And he said that Dr. Mortimer is tall, though his frame is hunched over. He wears glasses and appropriate dress, if somewhat shabby. Though a man with scientific leanings (an M.R.C.S. is a member of the Royal College of Surgeons), he is also vulnerable to superstitions. He admits himself to be “an unpractical man” and so has come to get advice on his problem.

Though Holmes feels slightly offended at Mortimer’s ranking of him as secondary in “precisely scientific” matters to Monsieur Bertillon, he asks him to expand on the trouble that has brought him there.

“Well, Watson, what do you make of it?”

Holmes was sitting with his back to me, and I had given him no sign of my occupation.

“How did you know what I was doing? I believe you have eyes in the back of your head.”

“I have, at least, a well-polished, silver-plated coffee-pot in front of me,” said he. “But, tell me, Watson, what do you make of our visitor’s

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notion of his errand, this accidental souvenir becomes of importance. Let me hear you reconstruct the man by an examination of it.”

“I think,” said I, following as far as I could the methods of my companion, well-esteemed, since those who know him give him this mark of their appreciation.”

Sir Charles Baskerville has died three months previous, leaving a manuscript with his friend and doctor, James Mortimer. Holmes dates it at 1730; its actual date is 1742, and it was written down by a Hugo Baskerville (not the same one that committed the soon-to-be-discussed crime) from an oral family legend. He intends the paper to be a warning to those in the Baskerville line to watch their temperament and beware of the moor in the dark.

"The exact date is 1742." Dr. Mortimer drew it from his breast-pocket. "This family paper was committed to my care by Sir Charles Baskerville, whose sudden and tragic death some three months ago created so much excitement in Devonshire. I may say that I was his personal friend as well as his medical attendant. He was a strong-minded man, sir, shrewd, practical, and as unimaginative as I am myself. Yet he took this document very seriously, and his mind was prepared for just such an end as did eventually overtake him."

Mortimer reads it to Holmes and Watson, which tells of the fate of the wicked Hugo. When a yeoman’s daughter caught his eye and she did her best to avoid him, he and his friends carried her off to a room high up in Baskerville Hall. While Hugo and others drank, the girl climbed down the ivy on the outside wall and began making her way home across the moor. When it was discovered that she was missing, one of the guests suggested using the hounds on her, which Hugo quickly acted on.

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When the guests realized what was happening, thirteen of them rode off on their horses to stop Hugo and the hounds. Before they reach him, a frightened shepherd tells them he saw the chase, but that there was also “a hound of hell” close behind Hugo. His horse soon passes them, riderless and on its way back. Even the hounds that were in pursuit of the maiden are now just whimpering about. Three of the riders continue on, down into a clearing where they find the girl dead and a giant black hound tearing out the throat of Hugo Baskerville.

Holmes leaned back in his chair, placed his finger-tips together, and closed his eyes, with an air of resignation. Dr. Mortimer turned the manuscript to the light and read in a high, cracking voice the following curious, old-world narrative.

3.2 The Analysis of Rising Action

Rising action is the issues and events that sparked the conflict began to appear. So this stage is the initial stage of conflict, and the conflict itself will evolve and developed into conflicts at the next stage. In literature, the rising action comprises all the decisions, background circumstances, and character flaws that combine to create twists and turns toward a climax.

Conflict that arise at the beginning of the novel The Hound of the

Baskervilles when Holmes questions Dr. Mortimer in greater detail about the

setting. The alley is eight feet wide with grass extending an additional six feet on either side. The footprints of the hound had been found on the path, not the grass, and on the same side as the moor, but had not approached the body. Dense yew hedge twelve feet high encloses the alley so that there are only three possible

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wicket-gate which leads to the moor and where Sir Charles had, from the evidence of the cigar ashes, stopped for 5 to 10 minutes. Also, at the end of the alley is a summerhouse. The body had been found about 50 yards from it.

“You saw this?"

"As clearly as I see you." "And you said nothing?" "What was the use?"

"How was it that no one else saw it?"

"The marks were some twenty yards from the body and no one gave them a thought. I don't suppose I should have done so had I not known this legend."

Though Holmes is pleased with Mortimer’s deduction from the ash, he is still slightly upset that he was not called in earlier, despite the reasons. Holmes’s rational mind is further irritated by the doctor’s apparent belief that the hound is supernatural, mentioning sightings by others on the moor. However, Mortimer is only there for advice on what to do with the heir Henry Baskerville, who has arrived in England from Canada where he was farming.

It is not believed there are any other heirs; of the three brothers, Sir Charles died childless and one is the deceased father of Henry. The third, Rodger (who looked very similar to the legend’s Hugo), went to Central America, where he also died, supposedly childless.

Holmes tells Mortimer to return tomorrow morning at 10:00 with Henry Baskerville and he will advise on how they should proceed. After the visitor departs, Watson does as well, to give Holmes time to think over the case.

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large map of Devonshire. He says there are two questions to be answered-was there a crime committed, and, if so, what was it and how was it done? He has already come to the conclusion that Sir Charles was waiting for someone at the gate when he saw something so frightening across the moor that it drove him to run in panic away from the house until his heart gave out.

"The devil's agents may be of flesh and blood, may they not? There are two questions waiting for us at the outset. The one is whether any crime has been committed at all; the second is, what is the crime and how was it committed? Of course, if Dr. Mortimer's surmise should be correct, and we are dealing with forces outside the ordinary laws of Nature, there is an end of our investigation. But we are bound to exhaust all other hypotheses before falling back upon this one. I think we'll shut that window again, if you don't mind. It is a singular thing, but I find that a concentrated atmosphere helps a concentration of thought. I have not pushed it to the length of getting into a box to think, but that is the logical outcome of my convictions. Have you turned the case over in your mind?"

Dr. Mortimer arrives right on time with Sir Henry, a man who, while with the sturdy build and appearance that one would expect of a farmer also has something of the air of a gentleman about him. The baronet, even before hearing of the legend, is already feeling disturbed, by the arrival at his hotel (where no one had known he would be staying) of a note warning him not to go to the moor.

Holmes is easily able to identify the cut out words as being from the previous day’s Times newspaper. He also deduces from the message that it is an educated person in a hurry in order to avoid an interruption. The written portion-the address and portion-the word “moor”, being difficult to find in print-indicate by portion-the quality that the person is attempting to disguise their handwriting since it is or will

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Sir Henry also reports on the disappearance of one of his tan boots, which he set outside his room to be varnished and has yet to wear. He then demands to be told what is going on, and Dr. Mortimer tells him all that he has told Holmes and Watson. Sir Henry was familiar with the legend but until hearing of his uncle’s mysterious death, had always dismissed it. Regardless, he is insistent on going to the Hall. He does however request another meeting at his hotel at 2:00 that afternoon.

"I don't know much of British life yet, for I have spent nearly all my time in the States and in Canada. But I hope that to lose one of your boots is not part of the ordinary routine of life over here."

"You have lost one of your boots?"

"My dear sir," cried Dr. Mortimer, "it is only mislaid. You will find it when you return to the hotel. What is the use of troubling Mr. Holmes with trifles of this kind?"

"Well, he asked me for anything outside the ordinary routine."

"Exactly," said Holmes, "however foolish the incident may seem. You have lost one of your boots, you say?"

"Well, mislaid it, anyhow. I put them both outside my door last night, and there was only one in the morning. I could get no sense out of the chap who cleans them. The worst of it is that I only bought the pair last night in the Strand, and I have never had them on."

As soon as the doctor and the baronet leave for the hotel on foot, Holmes and Watson begin trailing them. They quickly notice that a cab is following the pair but unfortunately the passenger, a man with a black beard (a fake), notices them at the same time and the cab takes off. Unable to pursue it and regretting his enthusiasm that tipped the man off, the detective did at least get the number-2704.

At that instant I was aware of a bushy black beard and a pair of piercing eyes turned upon us through the side window of the cab. Instantly the trapdoor at the top flew up, something was screamed to the driver, and the cab flew madly off down Regent Street. Holmes

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Then he dashed in wild pursuit amid the stream of the traffic, but the start was too great, and already the cab was out of sight.

Holmes and Watson go into a nearby messenger office and employ Cartwright, a young boy who works there, to go about to the twenty-three hotels in the area and bribe the employees so he can look through the wastepaper, looking for a cut up copy of the Times.

3.3 The Analysis of Climax

In a story, the climax is a point when the events in the story gather greatest intensity, thus leading to a conclusion. Usually, after the climax, the story moves of to a logical conclusion, thus resolving whatever conflict had been introduced. The climax of a story refers to the point where the reader knows who wins in the conflict. It is said to be 'the most exciting part of a story' although sometimes that is not the case. In the climax of a story, the reader or audience is able to know who between the protagonist and antagonist wins.

The man who has returned to the hut is none other than Sherlock Holmes, who, spotting the remains of Watson’s discarded cigarette outside, knew Watson had discovered his hideaway. The detective has been staying at the moor in secret, having Watson’s reports forwarded there and using Cartwright to get additional information and supplies. Though Watson is initially upset over the deception, he realizes that there have been certain advantages to maintaining secrecy and the wound is further healed when Holmes tells him that his reports have been of great

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And then at last I heard him. Far away came the sharp clink of a boot striking upon a stone. Then another and yet another, coming nearer and nearer. I shrank back into the darkest corner and cocked the pistol in my pocket, determined not to discover myself until I had an opportunity of seeing something of the stranger. There was a long pause which showed that he had stopped. Then once more the footsteps approached and a shadow fell across the opening of the hut. "It is a lovely evening, my dear Watson," said a well-known voice. "I really think that you will be more comfortable outside than in."

As Watson is about to return to the Hall, a horrible scream fills the air again and again. Another sound can be made out as well, that of the pursuing hound. Then with a thud, all is quiet again.

Watson and Holmes continue running, fearing they are too late to save Sir Henry. Indeed, when they do discover the twisted body on the rocks, the man is clothed in the same tweed suit that Sir Henry had been wearing that first day they had met. They vow revenge on the cruel Stapleton. The deep regret they both feel is then suddenly lifted, as Holmes realizes that the dead man before them has a beard and is in fact Selden. Barrymore had passed on some of Sir Henry’s old clothes to help Selden escape and the hound had been tracking the scent that matched the old boot stolen at the hotel.

With feverish haste we had turned the body over, and that dripping beard was pointing up to the cold, clear moon. There could be no doubt about the beetling forehead, the sunken animal eyes. It was indeed the same face which had glared upon me in the light of the candle from over the rock -- the face of Selden, the criminal.

They are about to carry the body into one of the abandoned houses for the time being when Stapleton appears. He tries to hide his surprise that the body is

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not shown up at the Merripit House. They claim not to have heard the hound and attribute Selden’s death to insanity from the pressure of remaining hidden. Holmes also uses the opportunity to pretend that he will be returning to London the next day. They then go their separate ways, Holmes going with Watson back to the Hall.

"We heard nothing of the kind," said I.

"And what is your theory of this poor fellow's death?"

"I have no doubt that anxiety and exposure have driven him off his head. He has rushed about the moor in a crazy state and eventually fallen over here and broken his neck."

"That seems the most reasonable theory," said Stapleton, and he gave a sigh which I took to indicate his relief. "What do you think about it, Mr. Sherlock Holmes?"

My friend bowed his compliments. "You are quick at identification," said he.

"We have been expecting you in these parts since Dr. Watson came down. You are in time to see a tragedy."

"Yes, indeed. I have no doubt that my friend's explanation will cover the facts. I will take an unpleasant remembrance back to London with me to-morrow."

"Oh, you return to-morrow?" "That is my intention."

3.4 The Analysis of Falling Action

The falling action is the part of the plot where obstacles stand in the way of the protagonist achieving his goal. Conflicts or contradictions occur, performed or imposed upon the characters reach the point of peak intensity. In here, The story's climax has occurred. The hero has reached his goal, whatever his goal may have been. He climbed the mountain, he won the heart of the girl of his dreams, he won the big game or he found the buried treasure. But the story isn't over yet.

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There is still have no case against Stapleton, including a motive, but Holmes has a plan, and is still confident that Mrs. Lyons holds further useful information. Holmes tells Watson not to tell Sir Henry about the hound because he wants the baronet to keep the dinner with the Stapletons; Watson however must get out of it to aid in the deception that they are returning to London and be on hand for the execution of the rest of the plan.

Mrs. Barrymore is upset at hearing news of Selden’s death but Mr. Barrymore takes it with much more relief. The risk he ran is further lessened because there are no features on the clothes to allow them to be traced back. For his part, Sir Henry is glad to see Holmes and agrees to do as he says without question. The baronet has already behaved according to instructions, when he declined the invitation from Stapleton and remained at home instead, a decision that saved his life.

As they eat a late supper, the line of family portraits catches Holmes’s attention, one in particular, which Sir Henry identifies as Hugo Baskerville from 1647. Later on that night, the detective uses his arm to cover the hat and hair, and Watson sees that the resemblance to Stapleton is unmistakable. As a member of the Baskerville line, there is now a motive for Stapleton’s actions.

"Do you see anything there?"

I looked at the broad plumed hat, the curling love-locks, the white lace collar, and the straight, severe face which was framed between them. lt was not a brutal countenance, but it was prim hard, and stern, with a firm-set, thin-lipped mouth, and a coldly intolerant eye.

"Is it like anyone you know?"

"There is something of Sir Henry about the jaw."

"Just a suggestion, perhaps. But wait an instant!" He stood upon a chair, and, holding up the light in his left hand, he curved his right

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"Good heavens!" I cried in amazement.

The face of Stapleton had sprung out of the canvas.

Early the next morning, the detective tells the authorities of Selden’s death and Cartwright of the change of events, so that he does not worry. When he sees Sir Henry, Holmes tells him that he and Watson will be returning to London and to be sure to pass on the message to the Stapletons. He also later has Cartwright send a telegram from London pretending to be him so that Stapleton will really believe that the detective and his assistant have left. Holmes also instructs Sir Henry to walk home on the straight path on the moor upon departing from dinner at Merripit House that night.

At the train station to send Cartwright off to London, Holmes receives a telegram from Lestrade (an Inspector from Scotland Yard), saying that he will be coming down, as requested, at 5:40. Then they pay a visit to Mrs. Lyons. When Holmes tells her that Stapleton is actually a married man named Vandeleur, she is ready to admit to the course of events.

"You will take this train to town, Cartwright. The moment you arrive you will send a wire to Sir Henry Baskerville, in my name, to say that if he finds the pocketbook which I have dropped he is to send it by registered post to Baker Street."

Stapleton had dictated the letter to Sir Charles under the premise of getting money for her divorce. Then he apparently changed his mind, insisting that he would find someway to pay for it himself and dissuading her from keeping the appointment. When news of Sir Charles’s death came out, Stapleton kept her quiet

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out of her feelings for him and fear of the suspicious circumstances. She never had any intention of harming Sir Charles.

Holmes and Watson leave Mrs. Lyons after her confession and meet Lestrade at the station. Then they all have dinner, before Holmes’s plans for uncovering “the biggest thing for years” gets underway.

3.5 The Analysis of Resolution

Stage of completion where the conflict has reached a climax given settlement. Other conflicts, sub-conflicts or additional conflicts if any, are also given a way out, the story ends. The Resolution is the solution to the problem as you have reached the bottom of the mountain. The solution might not be what you want, but the conflict has been resolved.

To Watson and Lestrade’s frustration, Holmes will not tell them his plan for the night, restrained from doing so by his secretive nature as a detective and a sense of a sort of showmanship. The three leave the wagonette and go on towards the Merripit House. After making sure Lestrade is armed as well, Holmes cautions them to be quiet as they get nearer. Holmes and Lestrade remain a short distance back, behind some rocks, while Watson moves closer to get a look inside the house. Though unable to locate Mrs. Stapleton, he does see the nervous baronet and Mr. Stapleton. The latter soon leaves the room and enters the outhouse. He soon comes out and returns to the house, and Watson goes back to the rocks.

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A thick fog makes Holmes increasingly nervous and they eventually must move back. Fortunately, Sir Henry leaves the Merripit House presently, walking quickly and nervously by their hiding place. Then the hound appears, with the glowing eyes and mouth, looking just as the legend said. Lestrade is scared beyond action, and the hound has passed them by the time Watson and Holmes recover enough to fire at it. Hearing the howl that means they have wounded it, they run after the beast and Holmes, arriving there first, shoots it to death.

One of Sherlock Holmes's defects -- if, indeed, one may call it a defect -- was that he was exceedingly loath to communicate his full plans to any other person until the instant of their fulfilment. Partly it came no doubt from his own masterful nature, which loved to dominate and surprise those who were around him. Partly also from his professional caution, which urged him never to take any chances. The result, however, was very trying for those who were acting as his agents and assistants. I had often suffered under it, but never more so than during that long drive in the darkness. The great ordeal was in front of us; at last we were about to make our final effort, and yet Holmes had said nothing, and I could only surmise what his course of action would be. My nerves thrilled with anticipation when at last the cold wind upon our faces and the dark, void spaces on either side of the narrow road told me that we were back upon the moor once again. Every stride of the horses and every turn of the wheels was taking us nearer to our supreme adventure.

Sir Henry had been knocked to the ground but did not sustain any physical injuries. He comes around with the help of a little brandy but will later spend some time traveling with Dr. Mortimer to regain his full strength. For the moment though, they leave him to recover on a rock and go look in the house. Holmes does not expect to find Stapleton there and he is correct, but they do find Mrs. Stapleton. She has been beaten, gagged, and bound in the middle of a locked room, full of the naturalist’s collections of butterflies and moths.

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Sir Henry lay insensible where he had fallen. We tore away his collar, and Holmes breathed a prayer of gratitude when we saw. that there was no sign of a wound and that the rescue had been in time. Already our friend's eyelids shivered and he made a feeble effort to move. Lestrade thrust his brandy-flask between the baronet's teeth, and two frightened eyes were looking up at us.

Once they free her, she asks about Sir Henry and the hound. Knowing now that she has been used by her husband all along, she tells them of Stapleton’s retreat to an abandoned mine deep within the marshy land. They set out on the path the next day; even with the fog lifted and it marked out by the Stapletons, it is difficult to follow. But they manage to find his retreat, and in it, the phosphorescence mixture used on the hound and the remains of Dr. Mortimer’s spaniel. Apparently Stapleton did not make it. At one point, Holmes is able to retrieve Sir Henry’s stolen boot, but there are no signs of the naturalist after that. It is to be assumed that he fell in and died.

"Exactly. He retained it in his hand after using it to set the hound upon the track. He fled when he knew the game was up, still clutching it. And he hurled it away at this point of his flight. We know at least that he came so far in safety."

But more than that we were never destined to know, though there was much which we might surmise. There was no chance of finding footsteps in the mire, for the rising mud oozed swiftly in upon them, but as we at last reached firmer ground beyond the morass we all looked eagerly for them. But no slightest sign of them ever met our eyes. If the earth told a true story, then Stapleton never reached that island of refuge towards which he struggled through the fog upon that last night. Somewhere in the heart of the great Grimpen Mire, down in the foul slime of the huge morass which had sucked him in, this cold and cruel-hearted man is forever buried.

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4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

4.1 Conclusions

After analyzing the plot of novel Sherlock Holmes: The Hound of the

Baskervilles by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the writer can conclude the analysis of

this novel. These are the following conclusions:

 The novel has progressive plot and has three main characters. They are Sherlock Holmes, Dr. Watson, and Sir Henry Baskerville.

 The plot of this novel is solid and support each others. And the author used flash-back plot to tell this story.

 The setting in this novel is in London and Devonshire. This story shows in the seventeenth century.

 Climax of the story is progressive when Dr. Watson interrogate Mrs. Lyon.

4.2 Suggestions

The suggestions for the readers are able to make a story that has brilliant ideas like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. I expect the readers get inspiration from the novel Sherlock Holmes:The Hound of the Baskervilles, and they could make the better stories. Especially to the faculty of cultures students, I hope you all can be the famous writer or novelist who gives a good message for readers.

In addition to get the inspiration from the author, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, I also hope the readers understand to take a good massage from the story and they have to memorize that the truth will always win.

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REFERENCES

Doyle, Arthur Conan. 2003. Sherlock Holmes: The Complete Novel and Stories

Volume II. New York: Bantam Dell.

Doyle, Arthur Conan. 2013. The Hound of the Baskervilles and The Valley of

Fear. Yogyakarta: Indoliterasi.

Hamalian and Carl. 1967. The Shape of Fiction. United States of America: Mc Graw.

Nurgiyantoro, Burhan.1995. TeoriPengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.

Peck, John. 1983. How Study a Novel. Great Britain: The Camelot Press LTD. Roberts V, Edgar and Henry E. Jacobs. 1993. An Introduction to Reading and

Writing. New Jersey: Pretince-hall, Inc.

Stanton, Robert. 1965. An Introduction Fiction. New York: Winston, Inc. Wiyatmi. 2008. Pengantar Kajian Sastra. Yogyakarta: Pustaka.

(http//www.wikipedia.com) (http//www.google.com) (http//www.yahoo.com)

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APPENDICES

SUMMARY OF THE HOUND OF THE BASKERVILLES

The Hound of the Baskervilles is one of Conan Doyle’s most famous mysteries featuring the detective, Sherlock Holmes, and his friend, Dr Watson. The eerie mists of Dartmoor form the setting to the sinister events at Baskerville Hall. When Sir Charles Baskerville is found dead, the people living in the neighbouring area are sure that he didn’t die from natural causes. Strange sightings of a giant fire-breathing hound and stories from the past have convinced them of this.

The new heir to the property, Sir Henry Baskerville, arrives from Canada determined not to let the stories frighten him away from his new home. He braves the loneliness of the moors, takes pleasure in getting to know his neighbours, and is careful to follow the advice and guidance of the great detective, Holmes.

Holmes and Watson slowly unravel a tangle of mystery as the case takes them deep into the heart of the Baskerville family.

Chapter 1: Dr Mortimer pays Sherlock Holmes a second visit with the excuse that he left his walking stick behind the day before. The real reason is that he has a serious problem to solve.

Chapter 2: Dr Mortimer presents Holmes and Watson with some old papers, which tell the Baskerville Story. In order to recapture the girl who had escaped Hugo Baskerville’s trap, he made a deal with the devil and sent his hounds to

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chase the girl. Hugo’s friends followed him only to find both the girl’s and Hugo’s bodies lying in the centre of a hollow. A large black hound was biting at Hugo’s throat. Ever since the supernatural hound has haunted the family and it is believed that Sir Charles Baskerville, the latest inhabitant of the Hall, has just been killed by the hound.

Chapter 3: Holmes asks Dr Mortimer for more details and the doctor suggests that Sir Charles’s death was the result of some supernatural evil. The local people themselves have seen a spectral hound roaming the moors. Dr Mortimer is mainly concerned about the fate of Sir Henry, Sir Charles’s second brother’s son, who is arriving at Waterloo that day. Sir Henry is said to be the last of the Baskerville family because Roger, Sir Charles’s third brother, is presumed dead in Central America. Holmes promises to consider the matter and asks Dr Mortimer to pick up Henry at the station. Holmes decides they must examine all explanations, not only the supernatural one.

Chapter 4: Sir Henry Baskerville visits Holmes and tells him about a letter he has received in which he is warned to keep away from the moor. The other unusual thing that has happened to Sir Henry is that one of his new boots has disappeared. Holmes considers it will soon appear. He also concludes that the person who wrote the letter is an educated person who reads The Times. Sir Henry and Dr Mortimer walk back to the hotel and Holmes and Watson follow them. They find out that a bearded man is following them in a cab.

Chapter 5: Holmes and Watson meet Sir Henry at his hotel. He is furious because an old black boot of his has disappeared. Over lunch they decide when Sir

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Henry will travel to Baskerville Hall and as Holmes cannot accompany him, Watson will be going with him.

Chapter 6: When they get near Baskerville Hall Sir Henry, Dr Mortimer and Watson see a soldier. A dangerous prisoner has escaped from Princetown and is hiding in the moor.

Chapter 7: Dr Watson meets Mr Stapleton near the Grimpen Mire. He tells him how dangerous the Mire is. Dr Watson hears a low cry followed by a deep roar: the Hound of Baskervilles according to the local people. Miss Stapleton mistakes Watson for Sir Henry and warns him not to stay there but go back to London right away. Watson is shocked.

Chapter 8: Watson writes a letter to Holmes to tell him about Sir Henry’s interest in Miss Stapleton. He also tells Holmes about Mrs Barrymore, a sad-looking lady, probably badly treated by her husband.

Chapter 9: Sir Henry wants to go for a walk on his own. Watson follows him and witnesses a strange scene between Sir Henry, Miss and Mr Stapleton. Sir Henry has proposed marriage to Miss Stapleton but her brother has reacted rudely. Later Mr Stapleton apologises. Sir Henry and Watson find out that the escaped prisoner is Mrs Barrymore’s brother and they go into the moor to catch him.

Chapter 10: Barrymore reveals that on the night of his death, Sir Charles was going to meet a woman at the gate: Laura Lyons. After her husband left her, Dr Mortimer, Stapleton and Sir Charles helped her start a business. Watson learns that another man lives on the moor.

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Chapter 11: Laura Lyons explains she wanted money from Sir Charles to buy her freedom but she never met him because she got the money from someone else. Watson inspects the huts on the moor but hides when he hears the stranger coming. The man has found him.

Chapter 12: Holmes surprises Watson in the empty hut. They share the information they have found: Stapleton’s sister is actually his wife. They hear the cry again and follow the sound only to find Selden’s dead body in a pool of blood dressed in Sir Henry’s old clothes. Stapleton appears, worried about Sir Henry. They suspect the naturalist is connected to the murders but they cannot prove it yet.

Chapter 13: Holmes notices the family paintings and discovers Hugo’s face is the same as Stapleton’s: he is a Baskerville. Holmes has a plan: Henry must visit Stapleton on his own as agreed, and express his intention of walking back home. Mrs Lyons confesses that Stapleton promised marriage if she wrote the letter to Sir Charles but then asked her not to keep the appointment. They meet

Lestrade at the station.

Chapter 14: The three men wait outside Stapleton’s house. When Henry walks out, a huge fierce fire-breathing creature jumps on him but it is shot down. Sir Henry is safe. They also find Mrs Stapleton tied up in a room. Stapleton runs to the Mire and is swallowed by the mud.

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BIOGRAPHY OF SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was born on May 22, 1859 at Picardy Place, Edinburgh, as the son of Charles Altamont Doyle, a civil servant in the Edinburgh Office of Works, and Mary (Foley) Doyle. Both of Doyle’s parents were Roman Catholics. His father suffered from epilepsy and alcoholism and was eventually institutionalized. Charles Altamont died in an asylum in 1893. In the same year Doyle decided to finish permanently the adventures of his master detective. Because of financial problems, Doyle’s mother kept a boarding house. Dr. Tsukasa Kobayashi has suspected in an article, that Doyle’s mother had a long affair with Bryan Charles Waller, a lodger and a student of pathology, who had a deep impact to Conan Doyle.

Doyle was educated in Jesuit schools. He studied at Edinburgh University and in 1884 he married Louise Hawkins. Doyle qualified as doctor in 1885. After graduation Doyle practiced medicine as an eye specialist at Southsea near Porsmouth in Hampshire until 1891 when he became a full time writer.

First story about Holmes, A Study in Scarlet, was published in 1887 in ‘Beeton Christmas Annual.’. The novel was written in three weeks in 1886. It introduced the detective and his associate and friend, Dr. Watson, and made famous Holmes’s address at Mrs. Hudson’s house, 221B Baker Street, London. Their major opponent was the malevolent Moriarty, the classic evil genius who was a kind of doppelgänger of Holmes. Also the beautiful opera singer Irene Adler caused much trouble to Holmes.

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The second Sherlock Holmes story, The Sign of Four, was written for the Lippincott’s Magazine in 1890. The story collects a colorful group of people together, among them Jonathan Small who has a wooden leg and a dwarf from Tonga islands. In the Strand Magazine started to appear “The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.”

In 1893 Doyle was so wearied of his famous detective that he devised his death in the Final Problem (published in the Strand). In the story Holmes meets Moriarty at the fall of the Reichenbach in Switzerland and disappears. Watson finds a letter from Homes, stating “I have already explained to you, however, that my career had in any case reached its crisis, and that no possible conclusion to it could be more congenial to me than this.”

The Hound of the Baskervilles is the third of the four crime novels written

by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle featuring the detective Sherlock Holmes. Originally serialised in The Strand Magazine from August 1901 to April 1902, it is set largely on Dartmoor in Devon in England's West Country and tells the story of an attempted murder inspired by the legend of a fearsome, diabolical hound of supernatural origin. Sherlock Holmes and his companion Doctor Watson investigate the case. This was the first appearance of Holmes since his intended death in "The Final Problem", and the success of The Hound of the Baskervilles

led to the character's eventual revival.

The Valley of Fear is the fourth and final Sherlock Holmes novel by Sir

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Maguires and Pinkerton agent James McParland. The story was first published in

the Strand Magazine between September 1914 and May 1915. The first book

edition was copyrighted in 1914, published by George H. Doran Company in New York on 27 February 1915, and illustrated by Arthur I. Keller.

During the South African war (1899-1902) Doyle served for a few months as senior physician at a field hospital, and wrote The War in South Africa, in which he took the imperialistic view. In 1900 and 1906 he ran unsuccessfully for Parliament. Doyle was knighted in 1902. Fourteen months after his wife died, Conan Doyle married in 1907 his second wife, Jean Leckie. He dedicated himself in spiritualistic studies after the death of his son Kingsley from wounds incurred in World War I. An example of these is The Coming of Fairies, in which he supported the existence of “little people” and spent more than a million dollars on their cause. He also became president of several important spiritualist organizations.

Conan Doyle’s other publications include plays, verse, memoirs, short stories, and several historical novels and supernatural and speculative fiction. His stories of Professor George Edward Challenger in The Lost World and other adventures blended science fact with fantastic romance, and were very popular. The model for the professor was William Rutherford, Doyle’s teacher from Edinburgh. Doyle’s practice, and other experiences, seven months in the Arctic as ship’s doctor on a whaler, and three on a steamer bound to the West Coast of Africa, provided material for his writings.

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Arthur Conan Doyle died on Monday, July 7, 1930, surrounded by his family. His last words before departing for "the greatest and most glorious adventure of all," were addressed to his wife. He w

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