3.4The Operational Definition of the Key Terms
Some items used in the research title are operationally defined in order to avoid misunderstanding of the terms which are also the variable of the research. The
variables are vocabulary achievement and teaching of roundtable model of cooperative learning.
3.4.1 The Students’ Vocabulary Mastery
Vocabulary achievement in this research deals with the result of the students’
vocabulary test in the form of scores of vocabulary with indicators of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. In this research, it is dependent variable because its value
depends on the implementation of teaching vocabulary with roundtable model of cooperative learning.
3.4.2 Roundtable Model of Cooperative Learning
The students will form heterogeneous group of 4. Teacher will give multiple answer questions as task. Each group passes paper to their teammates in circle
clockwise to answer multiple answer questions. When the time is called students stop answering then d
iscuss each group’s answers with others. Additionally, the roundtable model of cooperative learning in this research is independent variable
because it influences the scores of the vocabulary mastery as the dependent variable.
3.5 Data Collection Method
In this research, data would be obtained from observation and vocabulary test. Meanwhile, interview and documentation was used to obtain supporting data.
3.5.1 Vocabulary Test
A test is an instrument that presents to each subject a standard set of question that requires the completion of a cognitive test Mcmillan, 1992:114. Test is used to
measure knowledge owned by a person or group using questions or exercises. In this classroom action research, vocabulary test would be given after students learning
vocabulary through the Roundtable technique. Vocabulary test items included nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
Generally, there are two kinds of test, namely subjective and objective test. However in this research, researcher used objective test since it is easy to score.
According to Djiwandono 1996:28 an objective test is more practical and easier to do in term of scoring. Further, he adds that objective test can avoid subjectivity. The
scoring objective test would be conducted in the third meeting. In the test, students would be given 30 test items with the distribution as follows: multiple choice 30
items Total result would be divided by 30 then multiplied by 100. The time allocation for doing test was 40 minutes. The distribution of test item was as follows:
nouns 13 items, verbs 6 items, adjectives 6 items, adverbs 5 items.
3.5.2 Observation
In this research, observation was done while teaching vocabulary using Roundtable technique in each meeting of each cycle. Researcher would use checklist
as an observation guide to record students’ active participation. The checklist told students if they were active or passive during learning process. The students would be
categorized as active students if they fulfill at least 3 of indicators below: 1.
The students write the answer of multiple questions on a piece paper in turn and pass the paper around.
2. The students share their opinions among high achiever, middle achiever, and
low achiever to the class 3.
The students find nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs from the text given.
3.5.3 Interview
