CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design
In this research, the researcher used quantitative approach which is intended to see the students’ ability which was taught by usingmagic wheel game. Sugiyono
states that generally research method is a scientific way to get data for certain purpose and target.
1
It means that experimental design is a research design that is used to find the influence of one variable to another.
The researcher used quasi experimental research design. Quasi experimental design is a research design that includes assignment, but not random assignment
of participants to groups. This is because the experimenter cannot artificially creat group for the experiment.
2
It means that the researcher cannot randomly assign students to experimental class and control class since the headmaster did
not allow the researcher to create new class for the research. The design is illustrated as follows:
Select experimental group Pretest
Experimental Treatment Posttest
Select control group Pretest
No Treatment Posttest
1
Sugiyono,
MetodePenelitianKuantitatifKualitatifdanR D
, Cet.Keenam, Bandung: Alfabeta, 2008, p. 3.
2
John W.Creswell,
Educational Resea rch: Planning and Conducting Quantitative and Qualitative Research,
Boston: Pearson, 2012, p. 309.
In this research, the students were given pre-test to know their simple past tense before treatment and posttest after the treatment by using Magic wheel game in
experimental class and by using lecturing technique in control class. The pretest and posttest were conducted for control and experimental class.
B. Variable of the Research
Variable is everything which is specified by the researcher to be studied so that the researcher can get information from it then she can make conclusion of the
study.
3
There were two variables that was investigated in this research, those are: 1. Independent variable
Independent variable is presumed to effect at least partly cause or somehow influence at least one other variable.
4
In this research was magic wheel game that was symbolized by X.
2. Dependent variable Dependent variable
“depends on” what the independent variable does to it,how it affect it.
5
In this research was the students’ simple past tense mastery that
was symbolized by Y.
3
Sugiyono,
Op.Cit
, p. 60.
4
Op. Cit, p. 112.
5
Jack R. Fraenkel and Norman E. Wallen, How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008, p. 42.
C. Operational Definition of Variable
The operational of variables were as follows:
1. Independent Variable X
Magic wheel game was the technique of teaching English with circle containing the subject, verb, and object. The Magic Wheel game was also one
of game that can make students interesting in teaching learning process.
2. Dependent Variable Y
Students’ simple past tense mastery was the students’ ability to understand about simple past tense the material about nominal sentence, verbal sentence,
regular and irregular verb . It is indicated by students’ score of simple past tense
that was achievedfrom the test.
D. Population, Sample, and Sampling Technique 1. Population
The population is the whole subject that is studied in the research. It is supported by Sugiyono who states that population was all subject of the research.
6
So population of this research was all students at the first semester of the eighth grade
at MTs Negeri 2 Lampung Selatan in 20162017 academic year. The total numbers of population were 212 that consist of 6 classes.
6
Ibid
, p. 117.
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