3.4.1.3 Analysis and Calculation 22
3.4.2 Oscillator Circuit 23
3.4.3 Inverter Circuit 23
3.4.3.1 Center Tapped Half Bridge Inverter 23
3.4.3.2 Circuit Operation 24
3.4.4 Resonant Circuit 24
3.4.4.1 Series Resonant Inverter 26
3.4.4.2 Theoretical Analysis Of The Preheat Steady-State Operation
26
IV METHODOLOGY
4.1 Planning And Management
31
4.2 Research Hardware
31 4.2.1 Fluke Quality Analyzer
32 4.2.1.1 Measuring Lighting Load
33 4.2.2 Hardware Setup Installation And Testing
34 4.3
Research Simulation 34
4.3.1 Reconstruction Circuit Design 34
4.4 Calculation Section
37
V RESULT
5.1 Introduction
38 5.2
Philip Electronic Ballast Measurement Result 38
5.2.1 Philips Rectifier Voltage And Current 38
5.2.2 Philips Inductor Voltage And Current 39
5.2.3 Philips Filament Voltage And Current 40
5.2.4 Philips Lamp Voltage And Current 41
5.2.5 Philips Frequency 43
5.2.6 Philips Inrush Current 43
5.2.7 Philip Total Harmonic Distortion 44
5.2.8 Philips Power consumption 46
5.3 Simulation Result
48 5.3.1 Philips Input Power
48 5.3.2 Philips rectifier
49 5.3.3 Philips Resonant Circuit
50 5.3.3.1 Inductor L
1
Voltage 50
5.3.3.2 Capacitor C
2
Voltage 51
5.3.3.3 Inductor L
1
Current 52
5.3.3.4 Capacitor C
1
Voltage 53
5.3.3.5 Capacitor C
1
Current 54
5.3.3.6 Voltage Across Lamp 55
5.3.3.7 Current Across Lamp 56
5.3.3.8 Lamp Inrush Current 57
5.3.3.9 Lamp Active Power 57
5.3.3.10 Total Current Harmonics Distortion 58
5.4 Calculation
60
VI ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
6.1 Introduction
61 6.2
Simulation Analysis 61
6.2.1 Combination Waveform 61
6.3 Measurement Analysis
64 6.3.1 The Effect of C
1
Electronic Ballast 64
6.3.2 Crest Factor 65
6.3.3 Power Factor 65
6.3.4 Circuit Frequency Larger Than Resonant Frequency
68 6.3.5 Total Harmonic Distortion
69 6.3.6 Lamp Operating Frequency
71
6.4 Analysis Between Measurement, Simulation And
Calculation Result 71
6.4.1 Rectifier 72
6.4.2 Inductor Voltage 73
6.4.3 Power Consumption 73
VII CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
7.1 Conclusion
75 7.2
Recommendation 76
REFERENCES 78
APPENDIX 80-154
LIST OF TABLE
NO TITLE PAGE
4.1 The Value Of All Important Component Using For Simulation
36 5.1
Simplified Result From The Hardware Measurement 47
5.2 Total Current Harmonics Distortion Data
58 5.3
Simulation Result From Three Brands 59
5.4 Calculation Result From All Three Brands
60 6.1
Relationship between THD and Power Factor and Crest Factor 66
6.2 Relationship between THD and Lamp Operating Frequency
71 6.3
Comparison between Measurement, Calculation and Simulation Result of Output Rectifier
72 6.4
Comparison between Measurement, Calculation and Simulation Result of Inductor
72 6.5
Comparison between Measurement, Calculation and Simulation Result of Power Consumption and Luminance
73
LIST OF FIGURE
NO TITLE PAGE
2.1 Fluorescent Lamp Model during Pre-heat Process
4 2.2
Complete Circuit During Preheat Process 5
2.3 Simplified Circuit During Preheat Process
5 2.4
Fluorescent Lamp Model during Steady-State Operation 6
2.5 Block Diagram of experiment circuit 6
2.6 Experiment Circuit
10 3.1
Series-resonant parallel-loaded half-bridge inverter 11
3.2 Voltage Fed Half Bridge Ballast
12 3.3
Variation on Voltage fed half bridge 13
3.4 Block Diagram of Electronic Ballast
18 3.5
Full Wave Rectifier Circuit and Waveform 19
3.6 Positive half-cycle rectification
19 3.7
Negative half-cycle rectification 19
3.8 AC, half-wave and full wave rectified signals
20 3.9
Buffer capacitor 20
3.10 Half Bridge Inverter 24
3.11 Series Resonant Waveform 25
3.12 Series Resonant -Peak Waveform 26
3.13 Equivalent Circuit of Electronic Ballast and Fluorescent Lamp 27
4.1 Basic Home Wiring
32 4.2
Fluke Quality Analyzer 32
4.3 Hardware Setup Installation And Testing Using Fluke Quality Analyzer 34
4.4 The Process of Reconstruction Circuit
35 4.5
Rectifier Circuit for Electronic Ballast Used in Simulation 36
4.6 Overall Circuit for Electronic Ballast Used in Simulation
36 4.7
Flow Diagram Of The Project. 37
5.1 Rectifier Voltage And Current Data Measured From Fluke Quality
Analyzer 38
5.2 Rectifier Voltage And Current Waveform Measured From Fluke
Quality Analyzer 39
5.3 Inductor Voltage and Current Data Measured From Fluke Quality
Analyzer 39
5.4 Inductor Voltage And Current Waveform Measured From Fluke Quality
Analyzer 40
5.5 Filament Voltage And Current Data Measured From Fluke Quality
Analyzer 40
5.6 Filament Voltage And Current Waveform Measured From Fluke
Quality Analyzer 41
5.7 Lamp Voltage And Current Data Measured From Fluke Quality
Analyzer. 41
5.8 Lamp Voltage Waveform Measured From Fluke Quality Analyzer
42 5.9
Lamp Current Waveform Measured From Fluke Quality Analyzer 42
5.10 Frequency for the Philip electronic ballast from the measurement. 43
