Reflection, Refraction and Diffraction 11

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE II LITERATURE REVIEW 6 2.1. Wireless Mesh Network 6

2.2 Reflection, Refraction and Diffraction 11

2.3 Ray-Tracing Technique 12 2.4 Accuracy Of The Ray-Tracing Method 13 2.5 The Parameter in Propagation Prediction 14 2.6 Friis Transmission Equation 15 III PROJECT METHODOLOGY 21 3.1 Review of Project Methodology 21 3.2 Introduction 3.3 Project Flow Chart 3.4 Planning Phase 3.4.1 Literature Review 3.4.2 Identify Key Parameters 3.4.3 Prepare required Working Platform 3.5 Conducting Phase 3.5.1 Initiate Data Collection 3.5.2 Reliability Identification and Filtering of Collected Data 3.6 Designing Phase 3.6.1 Study and Understanding of Software Used for the Project 3.7 Analyze Phase 22 23 25 25 29 32 33 33 34 34 34 35 IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION 36 4.1 Free Space Loss Model 36 4.2 Ray-Tracing Model 40 4.2.1 Power Received – Multipath Perpendicular Reflection Effect 41 4.2.2 Power Received - Multipath Parallel Reflection Effect 43 4.2.3 Power Received - Multipath Perpendicular Transmission Effect 44 4.2.4 Power Received - Multipath Parallel Transmission Effect 45 4.2.5 Power Received – Perpendicular 4.2.6 Power Received – Parallel 46 48 V CONCLUSION AND FUTUTE WORKS 49 5.1 Conclusion 49 5.2 Future Works 50

5.2.1 GUI Platform

5.2.2 Implementation of the project in Wireless Mesh Network 50 51 REFERENCES 52 LIST OF TABLES NO TITLE PAGE 3.1 Materials and their corresponding relative permittivity and electrical conductivity 31 4.1 Power received of free space loss model for distance 1- 100m 37 4.2 Partial results of power received . 47 LIST OF FIGURES NO TITLE PAGE 1.1 Brief flow chart of the project work piece 4 2.1 Wireless Mesh Network Topology 6 2.2 Three nodes mesh network 7 2.3 Four nodes mesh network 7 2.4 Five nodes mesh network 8 2.5 A comparison of a wireless peer-to-peer network, a wireless LAN infrastructure network, and wireless mesh networking. 10 2.6 The general situation of reflection and refraction in an indoor environment. 11 3.1 Process flow chart 23 4.1 Power received versus distance R between transmitter and receiver for free space loss model 39 4.2 Power received for multipath perpendicular reflection effect versus separation of transmitter and receiver R 41 4.3 Power received for multipath parallel reflection effect versus separation of transmitter and receiver R 43 4.4 Power received for multipath perpendicular transmission effect versus separation of transmitter and receiver R 44 4.5 Power received for multipath parallel transmission effect versus separation of transmitter and receiver R 45 4.6 Power received perpendicular versus separation of transmitter and receiver R 46 4.7 Power received parallel versus separation of transmitter and receiver R 48 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter shows the introduction of Wireless Mesh Network and Ray- Tracing Technique, background of problem, objectives and scope of the study.

1.1 Introduction