Research Instrument

D. Research Instrument

The data are very important in the study. They are needed to support and prove the study itself. The purpose of the study are to investigation which one domain that lead students speaking anxiety and to identify the students ‘

perception strategy speaking anxiety in-depth of 6 th semester English Education

Study Program in State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya with the to interpret the calculated data. To know the interpretation of the data result, the writer needs instrument questionnaire and interview to answer the research problem, will explain in the table below:

Table 3.4 Data instrument

No Objective of the Study

Data Needed

Instrument

Investigate which one  Factors lead speaking the domain lead

anxiety data collecting in

 Questionnaire students‘ speaking

numeric or bar graph anxiety.

(quantitative)

to perception strategy to

Provide students ‘

 Interview overcome speaking

anxiety data collecting in anxiety.

text (qualitative).

Conclusion, base on the data instruments above, this research conducted two instruments in calculating the data. In a brief, the quantitative data result of participants needed in phase qualitative method, and the researcher got the valid data needed with helped from questionnaire and interview.

1. Questionnaire Questionnaire is an instrument in which respondents provide written responses to questions or mark items that indicate their response Donald Ary et. al. (2010, p.48).

Hornby (2009, p.262) states that questionnaire is a written or printed list of questions to be answered by a number of people especially as part of

a survey. Survey questions can take a variety of forms. The two main types a survey. Survey questions can take a variety of forms. The two main types

investigate the factors make students speaking anxiety that stresfull of 6 th semester students English Education Study Programme in State Islamic

Institute of Palangka Raya. One research instrument namely ―Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale‖ is use to obtain the data. Horwitz et al .‘s (1986, p.1255-132)

Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale is a 33 -item Liker-type scale with five possible responses ranging from ―strongly disagree‖ to ―strongly agree‖. It is meant to assess the degree of foreign language anxiety

experienced in language classrooms, as manifested in negative performance expectancies and social comparisons. This instrument which ask respondents to respond to situations specific to foreign language learning anxiety and reflect the three components of foreign language anxiety: communication apprehension, test anxiety, and fear of negative evaluation. The spread of the items can be seen in the table below:

Table 3.5 The items anxiety according Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope (1986)

No. Item Total Foreign

Variable

Domains

1, 4, 9, 14, 15, 18, Communication Apprehension

15 Item Classroom

Test Anxiety

25, 26, 28 Anxiety

2, 7, 13, 19, 23, 31, Fear of Negative Evaluation

7 Item

Totall

33 Item

This close-ended questionnaire used a Linker-Scale. Numerical values strongly agree to strongly disagree are assigned to the three categories of student responses in the questionnaire. This is to facilitate the

students of 6 th semester English Education Study Program at State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya to answer the questionnaire and facilitate the

researcher in the process of data analysis using SPSS. Each item anxiety has been calculated means and standard deviation.

This instrument present in this study aimed to investigate which one the domain lead students‘ speaking anxiety 6 th semester English Education

Study Program in State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya.

2. Interview Interviews are use to gather data from people about opinions, beliefs, and feelings about situations in their own words (Donal Ary et. al, 2010, p.644).

Interview is oral questioning of a subject. They used to help understand the experiences people have and the meaning they make of them rather than to test hypotheses. Before during the interview, the writer gives some questions in written text which ask to the respondents about the are strategy to overcome anxiety and written text about 3 question (see appendix 2). Aimed the written question also help explain their strategy and the result build to interview question how they are implying the strategy in oral answer (interview). The advantage of written questions, students can takes few minutes to think in answering what strategy they Interview is oral questioning of a subject. They used to help understand the experiences people have and the meaning they make of them rather than to test hypotheses. Before during the interview, the writer gives some questions in written text which ask to the respondents about the are strategy to overcome anxiety and written text about 3 question (see appendix 2). Aimed the written question also help explain their strategy and the result build to interview question how they are implying the strategy in oral answer (interview). The advantage of written questions, students can takes few minutes to think in answering what strategy they

semester English Education Study Programme in State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya.

The interview was semi-structured interviews, Richards (2009, p.146) typically, a semi- structured interview ‗‗is one where the interviewer has a clear picture of the topics that need to be covered (and perhaps even

a preferred order for these) but is prepared to allow the interview to develop in unexpected directions where these open up important new areas‘‘. The researcher knows that would need to identify key areas and comp are the students‘ experiences of these. The researcher conducting semi-structured interviews was free one than conducting a structured interview in which the interviewer does not have to adhere to a detailed interview guide. Patton (2000, p.343) recommends to ―...explore, probe, and ask questions that will elucidate and illuminate that particular subject ...to build a conversation within a particular subject area, to word questions spontaneously, and to establish a conversational style but with the focus on

a particular subject that gas been predetermined. This instruments (source of the data) in this study aimed to provide students strategy to overcoma anxiety based on they are percetioned a particular subject that gas been predetermined. This instruments (source of the data) in this study aimed to provide students strategy to overcoma anxiety based on they are percetioned