8 Copyright © 2016 Open Geospatial Consortium
6 Applications
6.1 Transportation survey with smart phones
Traffic congestion is a serious problem in many large cities. To solve such problems, two types of solutions are generally applied: road-construction and public transportation
enhancements. Either solution requires travel demand data, which is the number of movements between places. This is because roads and public transportation should make
connection between pairs of places with the highest trip demand. Therefore, travel demand data are collected using transportation surveys.
Questionnaires are traditionally used for the trip generation data collection. However, with the broad availability of location enabled mobile devices, GPS based data collection
of trip information is applicable as the alternative. In the latter case, the GPS tracks are encoded by using the Moving Features standard to enable sharing by many stakeholders
such as local governments, bus companies, and so on.
Figure 6.1: Transportation Survey
Background map: ©Open Street Map
6.2 Layout design with LIDAR
LIDAR Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging is a technique useful for detecting and tracking pedestrians [2][3][4]. In this use case, a pedestrian-tracking system using
LIDAR is used to understand pedestrian movement behavior in a large facility such as shopping malls and train terminals.
Transportation survey
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Traffic Demands Traffic Congestions
Smart phones People in the city
Tracks measured by GPS encoded by Moving Features
Copyright © 2016 Open Geospatial Consortium 9
©Hitachi, Ltd.
Figure 6.2: Tracks in Exhibition Event 2013
In Figure 6.1, pedestrian tracks obtained by LIDAR at a 2013 exhibition event are shown by the yellow lines. Such trajectory data are recorded and stored to a spatio-temporal
database. The data can then be output as a data file encoded using the OGC Moving Features standard to send to another trajectory analysis system. Figure 6.2 shows
population distribution of the pedestrian tracks, which was calculated by the trajectory analysis system. This population map can be calculated by counting the number of people
in each grid.
©Hitachi, Ltd.
Figure 6.3: Population map 2013
5 ,0 0 0 1 0 ,0 0 0
[ people s ec]
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